Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Master's Theses Theses and Dissertations 1962 The Influence of Friendship and Motor Skill upon the Choice of Teammates Joanne Gertrude Osmond Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses Part of the Education Commons Recommended Citation Osmond, Joanne Gertrude, "The Influence of Friendship and Motor Skill upon the Choice of Teammates" (1962) Master's Theses 1776 https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/1776 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons For more information, please contact ecommons@luc.edu This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License Copyright © 1962 Joanne Gertrude Osmond THE INFLUENCE OF FRIENDSHIP AND flOTOR SKILL UPON THE CHOICE OF TEAMMATES By Joanne G Osmond A Thesis Submitted to the Faoulty of the Graduate School of Loyola University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts June 1962 Joanne Gertrude Osmond, the youngest of five children, was born in Burlington, Wisconsin, February 4, 1934 Her childhood and adolescence were spent in the rural community of Antioch, Illino1s, which 1s f1fty m11es north ot Ch1cago The members at her family, basically farmers, are interested in the civic and political life of the community She was graduated from the Antioch Antioch, Il11nois, in the author was: ~e 1952 ~ownship High School, During her high school years, secretary of her Junior Class, president of the G1rls' Athletic Association, had a part 1n the Junior Class play and was a member of the Catholic Youth Organization and Saint Peter's Choir ( In JUne 1956, at the Un1versity at Michigan, the author received the degree ot Bachelor at Science with a major in Physical Education and minors in Health and Chemistry In the summer at 1955, she took part in the Counselor in Training Program at Interlochen, Michigan As an undergraduate, she was active 1n the student government of the campus, serving as the president ot the dormitory and holding the following campus oftices: Vice President at the Independent Women's Association, and a member at the Joint Committee of Independent and Sorority Women to study the problem of rushing at the University ili i From September 1956 to June 1958 she taught PhysIcal EducatIon at Bremen Township High School, MIdlothIan, IllInoIs MIss Osmond taught the above stated subject at Bloom TownshIp High School, ChIcago Heights, IllInoIs, durIng the school years 1958 through 1961 The author had been employed durIng the summers ot 1951 through 1956 as: a waitress, a telephone operator for the Illin01s Bell Telephone Company, a swtmming instructor for the Young Women's ChrIstIan Association, and as a travel agent Miss OSMond's cultural interests turn to the theater and classical music Other interests include golting, boating, swtmming, skiing, tennis, horseback riding, and interior decorating Currently the author is the co-leader ot the Senior Girl Scout Troop number 309 in Blue Island, Illinois, and helping to manage the Osmond Sisters real estate ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Doctor Harold Metcalf, superintendent ot Bloom Townahip High School and Oommunity Oollege, granted permission tor this study; the girls' physical education furnished the students All data used in this thesis was secured through a Motor skill test battery, and the employment ot a sociometric teohnique Very special thanks are due to the girls' physical education staft at Bloom Township High School tor their cooperation during the obtaining of the data for this project v TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter I Page INTRODUCTION • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Statement or The Problem and Purpose The probleM or obtaining the influence of friendship and skill on the choice ot teammates II REVIEW OF THE LITF~TURE • • • • • • • • • • • • Review ot the literature pertaining to the use of sociometry in physical education, volleyball skill tests and methods of to~ ing teams III PROCED1.JRES • e • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 15 Description ot the population and procedures in general Sociometric techniques used Motor skill tests used Administration ot sociometric techniques-criterion friendship Administration of motor skill testse Administration of sociometric techniques-criterion teammate IV ANALYSIS AtID INTERPRETATION OF THE DATA • • • • 25 Friendship, motor skill, teammate statusese Relation between triendship and teammate statuses Relation between skill and teammate statuses Relation between skill and friendship statuses V CONCLUSION • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 34 Summary, Conclusions, Evaluation, and Recommendations BIBLIOGRAPHY • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 38 APPENDIX I • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 40 APPENDIX II • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 53 • • vi LIST OF TABLES Page Table I II RANGES, I"lEANS, AND STANDARD DEVIATIONS OF FRIENDSHIP STATUS ON THE FOUR AGE LEVELS • • • • • RANGES, MEANS, AND STANDARD DEVIATIONS OF MOTOR • • • • • • • • 27 RANGES, MEANS; AND STANDARD DEVIATIONS OF TEAKMA TE STATUS ON THE FOUR AGE LEVELS •• • • • 28 FRIENDSHIP AND TEAMMATE STATUSES CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS ON THE FOUR AGE LEVELS, AND THE LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE ••••••••••• 29 SKILL AND TEAMMATE STATUS CORRElATION COEFFlCIENTS ON THE FOUR AGE LEVELS AND THE LEVEL OF SIGNIF'ICANCE • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 30 SKILL ON THE III IV V VI VII ~OUR AGE LEVELS 26 SKILL AND FRIENDSHIP STATUS CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS ON THE FOUR AGE LEVELS AND THE LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 31 CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS FOR THE THREE RElATIONSHIPS ON THE FOUR AGE LEVELS • • • • • • • • vi1 32 F'IGUffS Page ':RENDS OF CORREIA TIOU CORFFICIE!frS ACCORDING TO 'l'HE FOUR CLASS I EVELS .,., vii! CHAPTER I !BE PROBLEM OF OBTAINING THE INFLUENCE OF FRIENDSHIP AND SKILL ON THE CHOICE OF TEAMMATES Introduction One of the general objectives ot physical education is to develop socially acceptable and personally rewarding behaviors, in and through relationships with others in physical education Each social class has within itself some admired behaviors which are not acceptable to the other classes Because this is true, there are times when the members ot minority social classes are rejected tor actions not acceptable to the majority group If a child hopes to gain the social acceptance of a class other than her own, she must be willing to learn to conform to its social patterns Therefore, the ohild must take over the ideas, beliefs, values, and behavior patterns of individuals of the social class with which she wishes to identity herself l TWelve year old girls of the higher classes are expected to show a tendency to conform to adult standards of behavior During the same age period, girls of the lower social group are admired if they are ~llzabeth B Hurlock, ChIld Develoseent (McGraw-HIll Book Company, Inc., New York, 1958), p 295 Ibid • assertive, pugnacious, attention-getting, bossy and tomboyish Children of the lower social classes have more freedom of choice in the selection of their friends, than children ot the middle c18.s.e whose parents exert pressure on them to choose the "right" type ot friends." However, a lower class child is often barred from participation in social activities with those of the other classes Therefore, she is forced to select her friends mainly from her own group.5 Also the barring of the lower class fram the social activities of the other classes causes a non-mingling of the social groups This forcing of a person to select friends trom within her own group affects her relationships with others in physical eduoation where team cooperation is stressed Statement of the Problem and Purpose The idea for the problem of this thesis grew out of an actual class situation at Bloom To~ship High School Bloom Township High School is located in Chicago Heights, Illinois There are no private institutions of learning in the area except one coeducat10nal Catholic high school Being an industrial area, therefore, to a large extent the school reflects its surroundings The industrial area and its suburbs are composed of people of differing religions, races, and social classes - 3:i:bid., p 296 p "-Ibid., Ibid., p - 298 299 The high APPENDIX I CORRELATION CHARTS Page A Freshmen B C SophOl"1ores Friendship/Skill Friendship/Teammates 44 45 46 Skll1/Tewmmate~ Juniors C 41 42 43 Friendship/Skill Skill/Teammate A Friendshlp/Teammates 47 48 49 FriendShip/Skill Skill/Terunmates Friendship/Teammates Seniors 50 51 52 Friendship/Sktll Skil1/Te~ates Friendship/Teammates 40 - - - ~ Q ~ en ~k,./I1a1l ~ ITO-,,'I I ,~ ~ () ~ /) ·7 -; G I! 1.1 I , +~ I t(" ~ I.t/ -~ lit' , '+,- ~, 6O-:i? ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Fr,'el1ds/'i f' '-9 \'")• [.JS s' b' '/ l"il 1/ t fl ~ '-+$1 ~ ~ -g ~o ~'I -.1 -I ~/, 1+1., It:~ I I '., -L/ Ij'11 rY '-7 I '3~ ~o , 59 11 -, 1- 13 +3 ,.;2 LJ- +~ ~ ~s- "S- FR £ H M EE ~, = AJ =,, " 5(,11 f ~Izl= ~'3' 11f'~ 0., '$ :: (~t._/'I\t.'=~' s ;10 }sF 6f ,=V ~ - (Vtf;' =* ~,of JrSF == £t ~ ,/l 1-1 1JI" I) -s DO () I 1, o , I_~ 13 -S'8 -~o t-3.0 +:U +-;'7 +1' rio ~F~ 3:J II' ~o ::1.0 S:z 81 6'1 50 I~ bi to ~-r" 0,", ~o I() ~F,I+ :to ·5"11 'II :IS" /0 ~,., /~ 1- ;to S +7 I~ ~ VD->7 5t1 $, I~ ~g Ig 1/1 ff/ /1 17 11 1/ /8 0 ~ 00 -I 1~ /3 "1 "~O 1;2 iJ, 11£ 3:1 ~O V 10 () ~h' ~ It ~ J.t ~ 116" 11+; # t8 K/:J, It,( I-a +-, ~ I/~ I~ Ct II:$" ';., -'f -3 11.10 TID 1/ -r I +? ~7 1/ 10 , #1.0 I+~ • 3- ,.~ ['PIT JS' to - +~ S.:l ~ ~ I')' -.1 I ~-~? 30-3 '- \' CO( JH+J I~, /I IUl, il//I ~II ~ III I-gU,"" 'i 13- I' +b It~ !1u; I,I" 7o-7? ~ \' t=- ~ ~ liftln 11'1 II " ~ "1-1 L, )'0- ~ ~ , C) ~ I +i:l Iti''+'l u '+10 ~ '"140 L/ 1/1 1i'f 1/1 ijIIa ~o- ~ I' ,.~~ 1+16 '"', 90 -99 ~ rr4.z +f~ "1 U., 1/4 lao-lor ~ ~ Q ~ " ~ Illo -).tJ Ilo -1;1.'1 11()-119 C'( ~ -~ 11·f 1f:l' f-7 -j 11"-:'Y '.11, "o-13r ,,/ 0- f' I""" ,.~ 'tf f" I' 4J - ~ ~~ ~ I _~ 15D-/~7 (,o-" &; '1, 17o-l7J lbO-I'" l'lo-/1f () c:t .,0" , ,, 'In 1;) I' I 0, YsF::: : I ,., ,.~ ", ~.1 c 0 J J "'7 +i' 1"9 -1-10 -Ii +10 t.Ơ /tJO ã S" 0 ~ ~j ~ 3~ ,~ '" ~ ~.J %1 Jg £s'f:1-.1 n 30 ~ pJ /YJ S ' M F' ('Sl)( 'f/) $ 'F' ;Q - /t/9/ fH-, -S-U() 7; /!3f il ~ ~ , " /to- ~ ~ '" -", S?-;$'1 1-r T' ~ for"" :::::::, Q ~ s/(ill7Asfs ~ ()oo \ C)- ~ ~ - ~ -: I C"\ ~ \' ~ Qo () ~ \ ~ ~ C1 I " ~ , +, 13 '1 ~~ If /5' /~ ,,- S- ~ ~ I I -~ -I i +/ +:1 +:J +~ -rS +7 +11 +/() ~1~o~~~~~~o~H~ 1/3' ~~ /5 fg {,g go 15 ,.~ 1'13 ~/ /0(1 ~J IT ICD.g, ~7' 1- 4fo 'if L 0 #I' 'II " fI (8 l' '0 t-r 78 /76 I' fo 0 ali ""In / -tIl +J:l t-l3 "'J ~~ /1:.9 tJ" 91 ~ fsI'!:~4 IH '/:1 FRESHMEN ~/ ;tf ,.1 ==- ~~/= = -N t-¥-T~ , S-07f s ,5'71f ~ '!i.,' -::: ~'~ M-" ' -:= '1/o ;zd"" &'-f -IIWc_ M"'f' ~\lf'.D~r~ y~ = ~ : r~ ,- ! ~I 43 ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~1efrds'" t ~ ~ Q a- ~ ~ - ; " \ ~~ \)" ~ ~ '3,~g/J C , ~ a- C)o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I' t' Qo o o ~~ '-10-("'( ~C'(~ t't) Nt'{ I~ t' r' ~r ~ , ' \ '1~~ ~ ~~ t)- ' 51 ('I) • ~ \'f) ~ ~ ~"''''''Q,-fe.~ t' ~ ~ , ~• "'• ::::f ~I ~'1:,IIr, UI , ,., _ ,eIk lo\l~ 01 o () I a 3.1-.?$J ,., 3tJ-·~1 , :" I , ~ '1 of 00 ~f ,,,11 a ;v-:~ ,,;I ,,,t/-."4 I 120 r-> ~/-.'-3j I rw /{:.·/71 I _, \\I ,o'!-./If -n -'I rtUIi -f ~ ~ , •(J3-;o9 it II tIt' D-'°J.9 0'-;- I ,,- 'I ,-Hlt;o " :2 'III ~~ UI! I -, -~ , 3D /3 '- 1026 ~ ~ 20 I~ 1.0 ~ " to , I Ii -3 ;,7 II IJ 1I11,.:l I :I I ~4 ~ L4 ~ 13~ fl hj ~ 10 101 13 ; &! "',.1 ' -; -aa " 1-10 , '-1.3 -~ ·L I -8 -/~ -/;J., 11 00 00 ·'iIl ~ ~ " I., J j I -/0 I~ ~ II~ "!l ~ j 000 ~ -f~3 ~ t 0 -.tJIr~1 '8 ~-r "f' ~ ;J.,tJ II ~ I (" A 13.-;1" , " , 1/1 ~ ~~ I(I~ I~ 'fh ,,;I ~ If-;~ of I~ I I ' ~ -~ -I 3'/ III ,~ D tl I~ +~+3 -s' ~ ~ I , +f: "'lo +-7 -+-8 +q +101'/1 -ttf fYl1'= Jf!'~ 5'1Ii AJ I'lflo;; f/£:: • ~7j t, /U ~I"= Jlff-~-"'" =-~ ~f 'f'= V¥~_P\1If1 = ~.sf '(f1 : {# - 1('11 6: 7'fjt, vir ::;+;~~1 J2' +I:L+I~ ~1(,1'&1" 44 ~ \) Skill II' !:!:,- hsf.s - "'(') Q ~ I~' I 0- '>Q () I"' I