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A TRANSCENDENTAL PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY 219

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philosophers like Plato, the Stoics, and Aristotle also emphasized that virtuous people are happy people (Vitrano, 2014) Eudaimonic happiness means engaging in right or virtuous actions and pursuing meaningful, enduring, growth-producing goals (Seligman, 2004; Sheldon & Elliot, 1999; Warr, 2011) Virtuousness is a concept defined as goodness for its own sake (trans Aristotle, 2017; Chapman & Galston, 1992; Comte-Sponville, 2002) Therefore, an essential element of virtuousness is that it is not a means to obtain another end but is an end in itself11, a personal and social betterment (Bright, Cameron, & Caza, 2006; Ilies, Nahrgang, & Morgeson, 2007) The present study results show that sadhus engage themselves in many pro-social activities (Theme 10) and are very happy people (Theme 7) For instance, they selflessly take part in helping other people and believe that serving humanity is a significant factor that influences their happiness (Themes 7, 10) The present study’s results and Finding #3 are therefore in line with and have added evidence to a growing body of literature that emphasizes virtuousness in organizations that fosters eudaimonic happiness and positivity (Baer & Lykins, 2011; McKee, 2017; O’Donohoe & Turley, 2006; Peterson & Seligman, 2004; Rego, Ribeiro, Cunha, & Jesuino, 2011) Thus, Finding #3 has contributed to the third pillar of positive psychology by supplying evidence and 11 It is interesting to note, the characteristic of virtuousness is pursued as an end in itself the same way that happiness is pursued as an end in itself Swamini Atmaprakasananda, a study participant, also explained that human beings’ subtle calls for doing virtuous actions (moral and pro-social behaviors) originate from their true nature—which is happiness 206

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