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The People's Common Sense Medical Adviser in Plain English CHAPTER I. CHAPTER I. CHAPTER I. CHAPTER II. CHAPTER II. CHAPTER III. CHAPTER III. CHAPTER IV. CHAPTER IV. CHAPTER V. CHAPTER V. CHAPTER VI. CHAPTER VI. CHAPTER VII. CHAPTER VII. CHAPTER VIII. CHAPTER VIII. CHAPTER IX. CHAPTER IX. CHAPTER X. CHAPTER X. CHAPTER XI. CHAPTER XI. CHAPTER XII. CHAPTER XII. CHAPTER XIII. CHAPTER XIII. CHAPTER XIV. CHAPTER XIV. 1 CHAPTER XV. CHAPTER XV. CHAPTER XVI. CHAPTER XVI. CHAPTER XVII. CHAPTER XVII. PART II. HYGIENE. PART II. HYGIENE. CHAPTER I. CHAPTER I. CHAPTER II. CHAPTER II. CHAPTER III. CHAPTER III. CHAPTER IV. CHAPTER IV. CHAPTER V. CHAPTER V. PART III. RATIONAL MEDICINE. PART III. RATIONAL MEDICINE. CHAPTER I. CHAPTER I. CHAPTER II. CHAPTER II. CHAPTER III. CHAPTER III. CHAPTER IV. CHAPTER IV. PART IV. DISEASES AND THEIR REMEDIAL TREATMENT. PART IV. DISEASES AND THEIR REMEDIAL TREATMENT. PART I. PART I. CHAPTER I. CHAPTER I. CHAPTER II. CHAPTER II. CHAPTER III. CHAPTER III. CHAPTER IV. CHAPTER IV. CHAPTER V. CHAPTER V. CHAPTER VI. CHAPTER VI. CHAPTER VII. CHAPTER VII. CHAPTER VIII. CHAPTER VIII. CHAPTER IX. CHAPTER IX. CHAPTER X. CHAPTER X. 2 CHAPTER XI. CHAPTER XI. CHAPTER XII. CHAPTER XII. CHAPTER XIII. CHAPTER XIII. CHAPTER XIV. CHAPTER XIV. CHAPTER XV. CHAPTER XV. CHAPTER XVI CHAPTER XVI CHAPTER XVII. CHAPTER XVII. PART II. PART II. CHAPTER I. CHAPTER I. CHAPTER II. CHAPTER II. CHAPTER III. CHAPTER III. CHAPTER IV. CHAPTER IV. CHAPTER V. CHAPTER V. PART III. PART III. CHAPTER I. CHAPTER I. CHAPTER II. CHAPTER II. CHAPTER III. CHAPTER III. CHAPTER IV. CHAPTER IV. PART IV. PART IV. Part I, Chapter VII, of this work, should be Part I, Chapter VII, of this work, should be Part IX of our Dime Series of pamphlets, which will be sent on receipt of ten Part IX of our Dime Series of pamphlets, which will be sent on receipt of ten Part III, Chapter II. If there be a quick pulse, hot skin, a hurried Part III, Chapter II. If there be a quick pulse, hot skin, a hurried The People's Common Sense Medical Adviser in Plain English The Project Gutenberg EBook of The People's Common Sense Medical Adviser The People's Common Sense Medical Adviser in Plain English 3 in Plain English, by R. V. Pierce This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: The People's Common Sense Medical Adviser in Plain English or, Medicine Simplified, 54th ed., One Million, Six Hundred and Fifty Thousand Author: R. V. Pierce Release Date: May 28, 2006 [EBook #18467] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEDICAL ADVISOR *** Produced by Kevin Handy, John Hagerson and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net [Illustration] * * * * * THE PEOPLE'S COMMON SENSE MEDICAL ADVISER IN PLAIN ENGLISH: OR, MEDICINE SIMPLIFIED. BY R.V. PIERCE, M.D. ONE OF THE STAFF OF CONSULTING PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS AT THE INVALIDS' HOTEL AND SURGICAL INSTITUTE, AND PRESIDENT OF THE WORLD'S DISPENSARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. FIFTY-FOURTH EDITION. ONE MILLION, SIX HUNDRED AND FIFTY THOUSAND. Carefully Revised by the Author, assisted by his full Staff of Associate Specialists in Medicine and Surgery, the Faculty of the Invalids' Hotel and Surgical Institute. * * * * * Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1895, by the WORLD'S DISPENSARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D.C. * * * * * TO MY PATIENTS, WHO HAVE SOLICITED MY PROFESSIONAL SERVICES, FROM THEIR HOMES IN EVERY STATE, CITY, TOWN, AND ALMOST EVERY HAMLET, WITHIN THE AMERICAN UNION; ALSO TO THOSE DWELLING IN EUROPE, MEXICO, SOUTH AMERICA, THE EAST AND WEST INDIES, AND OTHER FOREIGN LANDS, I RESPECTFULLY DEDICATE THIS WORK. The People's Common Sense Medical Adviser in Plain English 4 * * * * * TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE TO THE PRESENT EDITION PREFACETOTHEFIRSTEDITION INTRODUCTORY WORDS CHAPTER I. BIOLOGY"> PART I CHAPTER I. BIOLOGY CHAPTER II. PHYSIOLOGICAL ANATOMY. THE BONES. CHAPTER III. PHYSIOLOGICAL ANATOMY. THE MUSCLES. CHAPTER IV. PHYSIOLOGICAL ANATOMY. THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS. CHAPTER V. PHYSIOLOGICAL ANATOMY. ABSORPTION. CHAPTER VI. PHYSICAL AND VITAL PROPERTIES OF THE BLOOD. CHAPTER VII. PHYSIOLOGICAL ANATOMY. CIRCULATORY ORGANS. CHAPTER I. 5 CHAPTER VIII. PHYSIOLOGICAL ANATOMY. THE ORGANS OF RESPIRATION. CHAPTER IX. PHYSIOLOGICAL ANATOMY. THE SKIN. CHAPTER X. PHYSIOLOGICAL ANATOMY. SECRETION. CHAPTER XI. PHYSIOLOGICAL ANATOMY. EXCRETION. CHAPTER XII. PHYSIOLOGICAL ANATOMY. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. CHAPTER XIII. THE SPECIAL SENSES. SIGHT. CHAPTER XIV. CEREBRAL PHYSIOLOGY. CHAPTER XV. THE HUMAN TEMPERAMENTS. CHAPTER XVI. MARRIAGE. LOVE. CHAPTER XVII. REPRODUCTION. CHAPTER VIII. 6 PART II. HYGIENE. CHAPTER I. HYGIENE DEFINED PURE AIR. CHAPTER II. FOOD. BEVERAGES. ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS. CLOTHING. CHAPTER III. PHYSICAL EXERCISE. MENTAL CULTURE. SLEEP. CLEANLINESS. CHAPTER IV. HYGIENE OF THE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS. CHAPTER V. PRACTICAL SUMMARY OF HYGIENE. PART III. RATIONAL MEDICINE. CHAPTER I. THE PROGRESS OF MEDICINE. CHAPTER II. REMEDIES FOR DISEASE. CHAPTER III. BATHS AND MOTION AS REMEDIAL AGENTS. PART II. HYGIENE. 7 CHAPTER IV. HYGIENIC TREATMENT OF THE SICK. PART IV. DISEASES AND THEIR REMEDIAL TREATMENT. INDEX FOOTNOTES * * * * * PREFACE TO THE PRESENT EDITION The popular favor with which former editions of this work have been received has required the production of such a vast number of copies, that the original electrotype plates from which it has heretofore been printed, have been completely worn out. The book has been re-produced in London, England, where six editions have already been necessary to supply the demand for it. In order to continue its publication to meet the demand which is still active in this country, it has been necessary, inasmuch as the original electrotype plates have become worn and useless, to re-set the work throughout. This has afforded the Author an opportunity to carefully revise the book and re-write many portions, that it may embody the latest discoveries and improvements in medicine and surgery. In performing this labor he has been greatly assisted by contributions and valuable aid kindly supplied by his staff of associate specialists in medicine and surgery who constitute the Faculty of the Invalids' Hotel and Surgical Institute. That part of the book treating of Diseases and Their Remedies will be found to be thoroughly reliable; the prescriptions recommended therein having all received the sanction and endorsement of medical gentlemen of rare professional attainments and mature experience. THE AUTHOR. BUFFALO, N.Y., January, 1895. * * * * * PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION. Every family needs a COMMON SENSE MEDICAL ADVISER. The frequent inquiries from his numerous patients throughout the land, suggested to the Author the importance and popular demand for a reliable work of this kind. Consequently, he has been induced to prepare and publish an extensive dissertation on Physiology, Hygiene, Temperaments, Diseases and Domestic Remedies. It is for the interest and welfare of every person, not only to understand the means for the preservation of health, but also to know what remedies should be employed for the alleviation of the common ailments of life. CHAPTER IV. 8 The frequency of accidents of all kinds, injuries sustained by machinery, contusions, drowning, poisoning, fainting, etc., and also of sudden attacks of painful diseases, such as headache, affections of the heart and nerves, inflammation of the eye, ear and other organs, renders it necessary that non-professionals should possess sufficient knowledge to enable them to employ the proper means for speedy relief. To impart this important information is the aim of the author. Moreover, this volume treats of Human Temperaments, not only of their influence upon mental characteristics and bodily susceptibilities, but also of their vital and non-vital combinations, which transmit to the offspring either health, hardihood, and longevity, or feebleness, disease, and death. It clearly points out those temperaments which are compatible with each other and harmoniously blend, and also those which, when united in marriage, result in barrenness, or produce in the offspring imbecility, deformity, and idiocy. These matters are freely discussed from original investigations and clinical observations, thus rendering the work a true and scientific guide to marriage. While instruction is imparted for the care of the body, those diseases (alas how prevalent!) are investigated which are sure to follow as a consequence of certain abuses, usually committed through ignorance. That these ills do exist is evident from the fact that the Author is consulted by multitudes of unfortunate young men and women, who are desirous of procuring relief from the weaknesses and derangements incurred by having unwittingly violated physiological laws. Although some of these subjects may seem out of place in a work designed for every member of the family, yet they are presented in a style which cannot offend the most fastidious, and with a studied avoidance of all language that can possibly displease the chaste, or disturb the delicate susceptibilities of persons of either sex. This book should not be excluded from the young, for it is eminently adapted to their wants, and imparts information without which millions will suffer untold misery. It is a false modesty which debars the youth of our land from obtaining such information. As its title indicates, the Author aims to make this book a useful and practical Medical Adviser. He proposes to express himself in plain and simple language, and, so far as possible, to avoid the employment of technical words, so that all his readers may readily comprehend the work, and profit by its perusal. Written as it is amid the many cares attendant upon a practice embracing the treatment of thousands of cases annually, and therefore containing the fruits of a rich and varied experience, some excuse exists for any literary imperfections which the critical reader may observe. THE AUTHOR. BUFFALO, N.Y., July, 1875. * * * * * INTRODUCTORY WORDS. Health and disease are physical conditions upon which pleasure and pain, success and failure, depend. Every individual gain increases public gain. Upon the health of its people is based the prosperity of a nation; by it every value is increased, every joy enhanced. Life is incomplete without the enjoyment of healthy organs and faculties, for these give rise to the delightful sensations of existence. Health is essential to the accomplishment of every purpose; while sickness thwarts the best intentions and loftiest aims. We are continually deciding upon those conditions which are either the source of joy and happiness or which occasion pain and disease. Prudence requires that we should meet the foes and obviate the dangers which threaten us, by turning all our philosophy, science, and art, into practical common sense. PART IV. DISEASES AND THEIR REMEDIAL TREATMENT. 9 The profession of medicine is no sinecure; its labors are constant, its toils unremitting, its cares unceasing. The physician is expected to meet the grim monster, "break the jaws of death, and pluck the spoil out of his teeth." His ear is ever attentive to entreaty, and within his faithful breast are concealed the disclosures of the suffering. Success may elate him, as conquest flushes the victor. Honors are lavished upon the brave soldiers who, in the struggle with the foe, have covered themselves with glory, and returned victorious from the field of battle; but how much more brilliant is the achievement of those who overwhelm disease, that common enemy of mankind, whose victims are numbered by millions! Is it meritorious in the physician to modestly veil his discoveries, regardless of their importance? If he have light, why hide it from the world? Truth should be made as universal and health-giving as sunlight. We say, give light to all who are in darkness, and a remedy to the afflicted everywhere. We, as a people, are becoming idle, living in luxury and ease, and in the gratification of artificial wants. Some indulge in the use of food rendered unwholesome by bad cookery, and think more of gratifying a morbid appetite than of supplying the body with proper nourishment. Others devote unnecessary attention to the display of dress and a genteel figure, yielding themselves completely to the sway of fashion. Such intemperance in diet and dress manifests itself in the general appearance of the unfortunate transgressor, and exposes his folly to the world, with little less precision than certain vices signify their presence by a tobacco-tainted breath, beer-bloated body, rum-emblazoned nose, and kindred manifestations. They coddle themselves instead of practicing self-denial, and appear to think that the chief end of life is gratification, rather than useful endeavor. I purpose to express myself candidly and earnestly on all topics relating to health, and appeal to the common sense of the reader for justification. Although it is my aim to simplify the work, and render it a practical common-sense guide to the farmer, mechanic, mariner, and day-laborer, yet I trust that it may not prove less acceptable to the scholar, in its discussion of the problems of Life. Not only does the method adopted in this volume of treating of the Functions of the Brain and Nervous System present many new suggestions, in its application to hygiene, the management of disease, generation and the development and improvement of man, but the conclusions correspond with the results of the latest investigations of the world's most distinguished savants. My object is to inculcate the facts of science rather than the theories of philosophy. Unto us are committed important health trusts, which we hold, not merely in our own behalf, but for the benefit of others. If we discharge the obligations of our trusteeship, we shall enjoy present strength, usefulness, and length of days; but if we fail in their performance, then inefficiency, incapacity, and sickness, will follow, the sequel of which is pain and death. Let us, then, prove worthy of this generous commission, that we may enjoy the sweetest of all pleasures, the delicious fruitage of honest toil and faithful obedience. * * * * * PART I. PHYSIOLOGY. CHAPTER I. BIOLOGY. In this chapter we propose to consider Life in its primitive manifestations. Biology is the science of living bodies, or the science of life. Every organ of a living body has a function to perform, and Physiology treats of PART I. 10 [...]... poured into the duodenum, or upper part of the small intestine, neutralizes the acid of the chyme; secondly, both the bile and the pancreatic fluid seem to exert an influence over the fatty substances contained in the chyme, which assists the subdivision of these fats into minute particles While the chyle is propelled along the small intestine by the peristaltic action, the matter which it contains in. .. is absorbed in the usual manner into the vessels of the villi by the process called osmosis The fatty matters being subdivided into very minute particles, but not dissolved, and consequently incapable CHAPTER V 25 of being thus absorbed by osmosis, pass bodily through the epithelial lining of the intestine into the commencement of the lacteal tubes in the villi The digested substances, as they are thrust... is the commencement of a lacteal The Lacteals originate in the walls of the alimentary canal, are very numerous in the small intestine, and, passing between the laminae of the mesentery, they terminate in the receptaculum chyli, or reservoir for the chyle The mesentery consists of a double layer of cellular and adipose tissue It incloses the blood-vessels, lacteals, and nerves of the small intestine,... when the auricles contract, the blood contained in them is forced through the auriculo-ventricular openings into the ventricles; the contractions then extending to the ventricles, in a wave-like manner, the great proportion of the blood, being prevented from re-entering the auricles by the tricuspid and mitral valves, is forced onward into the pulmonary artery from the right ventricle, and into the. .. membrane, arising from the interior surface of the small intestine Each villus has two sets of vessels (1.) The blood-vessels, which, by their frequent blending, form a complete net-work beneath the external epithelium; they unite at the base of the villus, forming a minute vein, which is one of the sources of the portal vein (2.) In the center of the villus is another vessel, with thinner and more transparent... formed in cartilage But this is not true, for there is an intra-membranous, as well as an intra-cartilaginous, formation of bone, as may be seen in the development of the cranial bones, where the gradual calcification takes place upon the inner layers of the fibrous coverings Intra-cartilaginous deposit is found in the vicinity of the blood-vessels, within the cartilaginous canals; also, there are certain... to the three following classes: (1.) The systemic veins, which bring the blood from different parts of the body and discharge it into the vena cava, by means of which it is conveyed to the heart; (2), the pulmonary veins, which bring the arterial, or bright red blood from the lungs and carry it to the left auricle; (3), the veins of the portal system, which originate in the capillaries of the abdominal... to the rectum, and which is divided into three parts, distinguished as the ascending, the transverse, and the descending [Illustration: Fig 30 Villi of the small intestine greatly magnified.] [Illustration: Fig 31 A section of the Ileum, turned inside out, so as to show the appearance and arrangement of the villi on an extended surface.] The Rectum is the terminus of the large intestine The intestines... rounded at the apex, situated within the chest, and filling the greater part of it, since the heart is the only other organ which occupies much space in the thoracic cavity The lungs are convex externally, and conform to the cavity of the chest, while the internal surface is concave for the accommodation of the heart The size of the lungs depends upon the capacity of the chest Their color varies, being of... Rectum The Caecum is about three inches in length Between the large and the small intestine is a valve, which prevents the return of excrementitious matter that has passed into the large intestine There is attached to the cæcum an appendage about the size of a goose-quill, and three inches in length, termed the appendix vermiformis The Colon is that part of the large intestine which extends from the cæcum . Adviser in Plain English The Project Gutenberg EBook of The People's Common Sense Medical Adviser The People's Common Sense Medical Adviser in. cunning invests all living things constraining into her service chemical affinities, arranging the elements and disposing them for her own benefit, in such