Wallac-Prelims.qxd 6/30/2004 2:10 PM Page vi Wallac-Prelims.qxd 6/30/2004 2:10 PM Page vi Want to learn more? We hope you enjoy this McGraw-Hill eBook! If you’d like more information about this book, its author, or related books and websites, please click here. PAIN MEDICINE AND MANAGEMENT Just the Facts Wallac-Prelims.qxd 6/30/2004 2:10 PM Page i Notice Medicine is an ever-changing science. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy are required. The authors and the publisher of this work have checked with sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in accord with the standards accepted at the time of publication. 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Wallac-Prelims.qxd 6/30/2004 2:10 PM Page ii Mark S. Wallace, MD Program Director Center for Pain and Palliative Medicine University of California, San Diego La Jolla, California Peter S. Staats, MD, MBA Associate Professor, Division of Pain Medicine Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and Department of Oncology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, Maryland McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto PAIN MEDICINE AND MANAGEMENT Just the Facts Wallac-Prelims.qxd 6/30/2004 2:10 PM Page iii Copyright © 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. 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Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. DOI: 10.1036/0071442197 To my loving wife, Anne, and my two sons, Zachary and Dominick — MSW To my wife, Nancy, my parents, and my children, Alyssa, Dylan, and Rachel — PSS Wallac-Prelims.qxd 6/30/2004 2:10 PM Page v Wallac-Prelims.qxd 6/30/2004 2:10 PM Page vi This page intentionally left blank. Contributors xi Foreword xvii Preface xix Section I TEST PREPARATION AND PLANNING 1 1 Test Preparation and Planning Stephen E. Abram, MD 1 Section II BASIC PHYSIOLOGY 7 2 Nociceptive Pain Linda S. Sorkin, PhD 7 3 Neuropathic Pain Tony L. Yaksh, PhD 9 Section III EVALUATION OF THE PAIN PATIENT 15 4 History and Physical Examination Brian J. Krabak, MD, Scott J. Jarmain, MD 15 5 Electromyography/Nerve Conduction Studies Nathan J. Rudin, MD, MA 20 6 Quantitative Sensory Testing Mark S. Wallace, MD 26 7 Radiologic Evaluation Marcus W. Parker, MD, Kieran J. Murphy, MD 28 8 Psychological Evaluation Robert R. Edwards, PhD, Michael T. Smith, PhD, Jennifer A. Haythornthwaite, PhD 30 Section IV ANALGESIC PHARMACOLOGY 37 9 Topical Agents Bradley S. Galer, MD, Arnold R. Gammaitoni, PharmD 37 CONTENTS vii Wallac-Prelims.qxd 6/30/2004 2:10 PM Page vii For more information about this title, click here. 10 Acetaminophen and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Michael W. Loes, MD 46 11 Antidepressants Michael R. Clark, MD, MPH 52 12 Anticonvulsant Drugs Misha-Miroslav Backonja, MD 56 13 Sodium and Calcium Channel Antagonists Mark S. Wallace, MD 59 14 Tramadol Michelle Stern, MD, Kevin Sperber, MD, Marco Pappagallo, MD 63 15 Opioids Tony L. Yaksh, PhD 67 16 Miscellaneous Drugs Mark S. Wallace, MD 74 Section V ACUTE PAIN MANAGEMENT 77 17 Intravenous and Subcutaneous Patient-Controlled Analgesia Anne M. Savarese, MD 77 18 Epidural Analgesia Jeffrey M. Gilfor, MD, Eugene R. Viscusi, MD 82 19 Intrathecal Therapy for Cancer Pain Peter S. Staats, MD, Frederick W. Luthardt, MA 90 20 Interpleural Analgesia Michael D. McBeth, MD 99 21 Peripheral Nerve Blocks and Continuous Catheters Eric Rey Amador, MD, Sean Mackey, MD, PhD 102 Section VI REGIONAL PAIN 107 22 Abdominal Pain Alan Millman, MD, Elliot S. Krames, MD 107 23 Upper Extremity Pain Matthew Meunier, MD 125 24 Lower Extremity Pain William Tontz, Jr., MD, Robert Scott Meyer, MD 128 25 Headaches Joel R. Saper, MD, FACP, FAAN 131 26 Low Back Pain Michael J. Dorsi, MD, Allan J. Belzberg, MD, FRCSC 141 27 Neck and Shoulder Pain Donlin Long, MD 147 28 Orofacial Pain Bradley A. Eli, DMD, MS 151 29 Pelvic Pain Ricardo Plancarte, MD, Francisco Mayer, MD, Jorge Guajardo Rosas, MD, Alfred Homsy, MD, Gloria Llamosa, MD 154 30 Thoracic Pain P. Prithvi Raj, MD 167 Section VII CHRONIC PAIN MANAGEMENT 175 31 AIDS-Related Pain Syndromes Benjamin W. Johnson, Jr., MD, MBA, DAPBM 175 32 Arthritis Zuhre Tutuncu, MD, Arthur Kavanaugh, MD 179 viii CONTENTS Wallac-Prelims.qxd 6/30/2004 2:10 PM Page viii [...]... Participation in pain medicine review courses provides both visual and auditory inputs Such courses are offered by the American Pain Society, the International Association for the Study of Pain, the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, and the American Academy of Pain Medicine Many of the specialty societies offer topics in acute, chronic, and cancer pain management at their annual... of pain mechanisms and treatment Prior times were difficult for the patient suffering from pain Now, with the increased awareness and better understanding of pain, the pain practitioner has a full armamentarium for the management of pain and suffering There are numerous textbooks focusing on various aspects of pain management including pharmacologic, psychologic, interventional, and rehabilitative... Internal Medicine, with subspecialty qualification in Endocrinology & Metabolism Diplomate, American Board of Anesthesiology, with added qualification in Pain Management Diplomate, American Board of Pain Medicine Honorary Fellow, Faculty of Pain Medicine, Australia and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists PREFACE The latter part of the 20th century produced great achievements in our understanding of pain. .. Fishman, MD, Chief, Division of Pain Medicine, Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of California, Davis, California Kenneth A Follett, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa Wesley Foreman, MD, Pain Medicine Fellow, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of California,... Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Theodore Grabow, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Robert S Greenberg, MD, Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Jennifer... School of Medicine; Director of Inpatient Services, Comprehensive Pain Treatment Center, Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York City, New York Peter S Staats, MD, MBA, Associate Professor, Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland Michael Stanton-Hicks, MB, BS, Division of Pain Medicine, ... Mexico R Samuel Mayer, MD, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Michael D McBeth, MD, Director, Pain Management Group, Kaiser Permanente, San Diego, California; Clinical Instructor (Voluntary), Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Pain and Palliative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La... College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont Eugene R Viscusi, MD, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Mark S Wallace, MD, Program Director, Center for Pain and Palliative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California Bradley W Wargo, DO, Pain Management Fellow, Cancer Pain Management Section, University of Texas MD Anderson... required to complete an ACGME-approved pain fellowship The name of the certification process has recently been changed to Subspecialty Certification in Pain Medicine Beginning with the year 2000 examination, the ABA Pain Medicine Examination was made available to diplomates of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology and the American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation For a period of 5... body regions One might begin with a review of the topographical anatomy and imaging techniques, followed by a review of the more common regional block techniques used for pain management Keep in mind that the exam covers acute pain management as well as chronic and cancer pain, and anesthetic techniques begun in the operating room and continued into the postoperative period are part of the required knowledge . for Pain and Palliative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California Bradley W. Wargo, DO, Pain Management Fellow, Cancer Pain Management. qualification in Pain Management Diplomate, American Board of Pain Medicine Honorary Fellow, Faculty of Pain Medicine, Australia and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists xviii