THÔNG TIN TÀI LIỆU
Signs and Symptoms Abdominal Distension: Chapter 12 Diarrhea: Chapter 23 Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Chapter 33 Pain: Abdomen: Chapter 53 Medical, Surgical, and Trauma Emergencies Cardiac Emergencies: Chapter 86 Renal and Electrolyte Emergencies: Chapter 100 POSTTRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS CLINICAL PEARLS AND PITFALLS Presentation of infectious conditions in a transplant recipient may range from benign to uncharacteristically severe Early identification of infectious etiologies allows for directed treatment Patients on immunosuppression may not mount fever or elevated white blood cell count Significant infections, such as bacterial sepsis or varicella, may progress rapidly Unusual infections should be considered in immunocompromised patients with clinical signs or symptoms Avoid NSAIDs for antipyresis in patients taking calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) (e.g., cyclosporine, tacrolimus) In combination, these drugs can cause acute renal insufficiency Fever and elevated aminotransferases may be a sign of infection, rejection, or venous thrombosis in the pediatric liver transplant patient Current Evidence In the immediate posttransplant period, the transplant patient is at risk for bacterial, viral, and fungal infections Etiologies of the increased infectious susceptibility include high-dose immunosuppression and indwelling central venous access Bacterial sources of infection include wound infection, urinary tract infection, and central-line infections Both gram-positive organisms, such as staphylococcal or streptococcal species, and gram-negative organisms, especially
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