FIGURE 118.7 Perichondritis Left ear auricular redness with sparing of the lobe and tragus (From Lucerna A, Espinosa J Acute atraumatic pinna (auricular) perichondritis World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2018;9(2):152–153.) EPISTAXIS Goals of Treatment Epistaxis is a common complaint of patients presenting to the ED While usually self-limited, the heavily vascularized area of the anterior nose can lead to bleeding that is concerning to parents Epistaxis is most common in school-age children, and is often the result of recurrent trauma through picking of the nose Rarely, does epistaxis in otherwise healthy children lead to significant blood loss or airway compromise Goals of treatment include providing appropriate reassurance to families, while also approaching the patient systematically to correctly identify those who require emergent care or consultation Significant resuscitation with intravascular volume repletion or airway protection is extraordinarily uncommon Avoiding costly and time-consuming workups is also an important feature of optimal care in patients with epistaxis