digital type I protein is required for primary cilia formation and left-right axis specification Nat Genet 2006;38:112–117 154 Meyers EN, Martin GR Differences in left–right axis pathways in mouse and chick: functions of FGF8 and shh Science 1999;285:403–406 155 Tsukui T, Capdevila J, Tamura K, et al Multiple left–right asymmetry defects in shh(-/-) mutant mice unveil a convergence of the shh and retinoic acid pathways in the control of lefty-1 Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999;96:11376–11381 156 Digilio MC, Marino B, Giannotti A, Dallapiccola B, Opitz JM Specific congenital heart defects in RSH/smith-lemli-opitz syndrome: postulated involvement of the sonic hedgehog pathway in syndromes with postaxial polydactyly or heterotaxy Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 2003;67:149–153 157 Burnicka-Turek O, Steimle JD, Huang W, et al Cilia gene mutations cause atrioventricular septal defects by multiple mechanisms Hum Mol Genet 2016;25:3011–3028 158 Clark EB Pathogenetic mechanism of congenital cardiovascular malformations revisited Semin Perinatal 1996;29:465–472 78 Acute and Chronic Renal Consequences of Cardiac Disease in Children Stuart L Goldstein