e-TABLE 94.18 TREATMENT OF TYPHOID FEVER Disease type Treatment Uncomplicated with no suspected resistance Ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin Adult: 500 mg twice daily po or IV for 7–10 days Pediatric: 30 mg/kg/day (maximum dose: 1,000 mg po or IV) for 7–10 days Or Azithromycin Adult: g po × 1, then 500 mg po daily × 5–7 days Pediatric: 10–20 mg/kg (max g) po daily × 5–7 days Azithromycin Adult: g po × 1, then 500 mg po daily × 5–7 days Pediatric: 10–20 mg/kg (max g) po daily × 5–7 days Ceftriaxone or other third-generation cephalosporin Adult: Ceftriaxone 2–3 g IV daily or cefixime 20 mg/kg/day divided twice daily for 7–14 days Pediatric: Ceftriaxone 100 mg/kg/day IV daily (maximum: g/day) or cefixime 20 mg/kg/day divided twice daily (maximum dose: 400 mg/dose) × 10–14 days Uncomplicated illness with suspected or known resistance Severe illness a a Bacteremia, sepsis, meningitis, abscess, osteomyelitis, or in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)infected patients, initial therapy with a parenteral third-generation cephalosporin should be initiated Aminoglycosides are not recommended for severe typhoid The treatment duration for meningitis is wks, and 4–6 wks for osteomyelitis Severe enteric fever, with shock and altered mentation, is an indication for systemic corticosteroids–dexamethasone mg/kg followed by mg/kg every hrs for a total course of 48 hors