S Sacrococcygeal teratoma, 1307 Salicylates, 337 , 1050 –1052 Saline (Fleet or Pedia-Lax) enemas, 132 Salivary gland infections, 1349 , 1349 –1350 Salmon-colored erythema, 468 Salmonella infection, 218 , 338 , 504 Salmon patch, 1351 Salter–Harris fractures, 1146 , 1148 , 1195 type I, 301 Salter–Harris injuries, 1171 –1172 Sandifer syndrome, 330 Sarcoidosis, 312 , 959 –960 , 960 f SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation), , 14 Scabies, 445 , 446 f Scald burn, 625 Scalp, 268 –269 Scaly red patches and plaques, 461 –463 Scapular fracture, 1183 , 1183 f Scarlet fever, 644 –645 Schistosomiasis, 849 Schizophrenia, 1442 acute, in adolescence, 1441 t atypical antipsychotics, 1442 typical antipsychotics, 1442 Schwartz formula, for GFR, 979 t SCIWORA See Spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA) Scleritis, 170 , 173 –174 Scleroderma, 999 –1002 classification, 999 t en coup de sabre, 1000 linear, 1000 , 1000 f localized (LSc), 999 management of complications and emergencies, 1001 –1002 cardiac complications, 1001 GI complications, 1002 peripheral vascular complications, 1002 pulmonary complications, 1001 –1002 renal complications, 1002 Scombroid poisoning, 1057 Scrotal anatomy and development, 408 , 408 f Scrotal laceration, 412 Scrotal pain causes, 408 t antenatal torsion testis (newborn), 414 appendage torsion, 410 , 415 common, 415 t epididymitis, 410 –411 , 415 hematoceles, 411 –412 , 415 Henoch–Schönlein purpura, 412 , 415 hernia, 413 , 415 hydrocele, 412 –413 , 413 f, 415 idiopathic scrotal edema, 413 incarcerated inguinal hernias, 412 Kawasaki disease, 413 , 415 orchitis, 411 of painless scrotal swelling, 412 –414 referred pain, 412 rupture of testis, 412 f scrotal edema and erythema, 411 spermatocele, 413 , 415 testicular torsion, 408 –410 , 409 f–411 f testis tumor, 413 –414 trauma, 411 –412 varicocele, 413 , 415 evaluation and decision, 414 –416 , 414 f history, 415 imaging modalities, 415 –416 initial approach, 414 –415 physical examination, 415 pathophysiology, 408 Scrotal trauma clinical recognition, 1140 diagnostic testing, 1140 initial assessment, 1140 management, 1140 treatment goal, 1139 –1140 Seborrheic dermatitis, 312 , 462 –463 , 462 f, 650 clinical features of, 469 t Secondary drowning, 680 Secondary infection of inflamed skin, 440 –441 Secondary syphilis, 442 , 442 f Second branchial cleft pit, 1350 f Sedative-hypnotics overdose, 1077 –1078 Sedatives, for intubation, 38 –39 , 39 t Seizures, 158 , 505 , 908 absence (petit mal), 883 active emergency treatment, 496 –498 planning for, 494 prevention and preparation, 496 apnea and, 884 associated hypoventilation, 884 background, 491 diagnostic approach to, 494 –496 , 495 f differential diagnosis, 492 –493 electrolyte abnormalities and, 495 etiology, 491 –492 evaluation and decision history, 493 –494 imaging studies, 496 laboratory tests, 495 –496 physical examination, 494 febrile, 494 , 498 , 886 generalized, 491 initial stabilization, 493 management, 884 –886 myoclonic, 883 neurologic emergencies clinical considerations, 882 –886 diagnostic testing, 883 –884 evidences, 881 –882 goals of treatment, 881 hospital admission and disposition, 886 management, 884 –886 noninvasive end-tidal CO2 monitoring, 884 triage and initial assessment, 883 nonepileptic events that mimic, 882 t partial (focal, local), 491 pathophysiologic abnormality in, 881 pathophysiology, 491 psychomotor, 491 recurrence risk, 886 temporal lobe, 491 types, 883 t Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), 1049 Self-care, 19 Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), 1114 Sentinel bleeds, 120 Sepsis, 196 , 292 , 500 common disorders that mimic, 501 t Septic-appearing infant differential diagnosis, 500 –505 , 501 t evaluation and decision, 505 –507 diagnostic approach, 505 f, 506 t Septic arthritis, 301 antibiotic therapy, 1363 t clinical recognition, 1362 discharge/admission, clinical indications, 1363 evidences, 1361 –1362 hip, 1362 f, 1364 f initial assessment/H&P, 1362 Lyme arthritis, 1363 –1364 , 1364 f management/diagnostic testing, 1362 –1363 penetrating intra-articular wounds, 1365 saline load test, 1365 f transient synovitis, 1364 –1365 ... Sedatives, for intubation, 38 –39 , 39 t Seizures, 158 , 505 , 908 absence (petit mal), 883 active emergency treatment, 496 –498 planning for, 494 prevention and preparation, 496 apnea and, 884 associated