clinical considerations, 882 –886 diagnostic testing, 883 –884 evidences, 881 –882 goals of treatment, 881 hospital admission and disposition, 886 management, 884 –886 noninvasive end-tidal CO2 monitoring, 884 triage and initial assessment, 883 stroke/cerebrovascular accident causes, 889 t clinical assessment, 890 , 890 t clinical considerations, 889 –891 diagnostic testing, 890 evidences, 889 goals of treatment, 888 management, 890 –891 triage considerations, 890 Neurologic injuries, without fractures, 1212 Neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA), 36 , 39 –40 , 39 t Neuromuscular disease, 1177 Neuropathies, 249 , 558 Neuropathy, 249 Neuropsychiatric symptoms, 1428 t Neurosurgical emergencies, 1382 –1390 AVM, in right corpus callosum, 1384 f brain, axial CT of, 1383 f brain, coronal CT of, 1384 f central nervous system infection, 1387 discitis/osteomyelitis, 1387 –1388 meningitis, 1387 , 1387 t spinal epidural abscess, 1388 emergency therapy, goals of, 1382 hydrocephalus, acute clinical pitfall, 1385 clinical recognition, 1385 diagnostic imaging, 1385 management, 1385 –1386 treatment goals, 1384 –1385 hydrocephalus, etiology of, 1386 f nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage arteriovenous malformation, 1383 cavernous malformation, 1383 cerebral aneurysm, 1382 –1383 diagnostic imaging, 1383 management, 1383 –1384 surgical resection, indications for, 1384 treatment, goals of, 1382 postoperative complications cervical and thoracic spine, 1387 f hydrocephalus, 1389 –1390 See also Hydrocephalus mass lesions, 1388 –1389 shunt failure, 1386 clinical manifestations, 1386 t spinal hemorrhage, 1386 –1387 Neurotrauma, 1254 –1261 blunt head injury, 1254 –1258 clinical recognition, 1255 –1256 diagnostic imaging, 1256 epidural hematoma, 1257 f evidences, 1254 –1255 Glasgow Coma Scale vs pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale, 1255 t increased intracranial pressure (ICP), 1254 management, 1256 –1257 traumatic subdural hemorrhage, 1257 f treatment goal, 1254 brain injury cerebral edema, 1257 diffuse injury, 1257 focal injury, 1257 –1258 clinically important traumatic brain injury (ciTBI), 1254 , 1256 t concussion, 1258 –1259 clinical recognition, 1258 diagnostic imaging, 1258 –1259 evidences, 1258 management, 1259 emergency therapy, goals of, 1254 skull fractures, 1259 –1260 basilar, 1260 f, 1261 clinical recognition, 1260 depressed, 1259 f diagnostic imaging, 1260 discharge, clinical indications, 1261 evidences, 1259 –1260 linear, 1259 f management, 1260 –1261 treatment goal, 1259 Neutropenia, 351 Nevus of Ota, 466 Newly born infant resuscitation ED readiness, 62 equipment and medications, 63 t initial steps, 63 –65 airway positioning, 64 ambient temperature regulation, 64 heart rate assessment, 65 meconium-stained amniotic fluid management, 64 methods of safe stimulation, 64 suctioning, 64 supplemental oxygen, 65 management circulation, 66 –67 Golden Minute, 63 initial steps, 63 –64 medications, 67 oxygenation and ventilation, 65 –66 umbilical cord, 65 ventilation, 63 Neonatal resuscitation algorithm, 63 f pathophysiology of fetal heart, 62 –63 postresuscitation care, 67 special situations congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 68 discontinuing resuscitative efforts, 67 induced therapeutic hypothermia, 67 –68 pneumothorax, 68 withholding resuscitation, 67 New-onset cranial nerve palsy, 927 Nicardipine, 244 –245 Nickel dermatitis, 434 Niemann–Pick disease, 314 Nifedipine, 246 Nikolsky sign, 439 , 456 Nipple discharge, 112 –113 Nitrites, 1079 Nitrofurantoin, 558 Nitrous oxide, 1079 N -methyl-D -aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors, 1378 Nocturia, 531 Nodules, 640 –641 Noise-induced trauma, 1114 Noma, 350 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), 89 Non-herpes viral encephalitis, 892 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 112 , 314 Nonimmune thrombocytopenia, 791 Noninfectious systemic disease, 314 Noninvasive ventilation, 35 –36 Nonionizing radiation, 700 Nonlactational mastitis/breast abscess, 110 Non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis juvenile xanthogranuloma, 351 Nonmalignant intra-abdominal masses, 1307 –1308 Nonperforated appendicitis, acute, 1290 clinical assessment, 1291 clinical recognition, 1290 –1291 evidences, 1290 management, 1291 –1293 treatment goals, 1290 triage considerations, 1291 ... diagnostic imaging, 1256 epidural hematoma, 1257 f evidences, 1254 –1255 Glasgow Coma Scale vs pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale, 1255 t increased intracranial pressure (ICP), 1254 management, 1256... –1259 clinical recognition, 1258 diagnostic imaging, 1258 –1259 evidences, 1258 management, 1259 emergency therapy, goals of, 1254 skull fractures, 1259 –1260 basilar, 1260 f, 1261 clinical recognition,