blunt cardiac injuries, 1279 algorithm for evaluation/diagnosis of, 1281 f clinical recognition, 1280 disposition, 1281 evidences, 1279 initial assessment, 1280 management, 1280 –1281 pericardial effusion, 1280 f pericardiocentesis, 1281 f triage, 1280 chest wall injuries, 1282 –1283 child abuse, 1283 diaphragmatic injuries, 1286 –1287 , 1286 f emergency department thoracotomy, 1284 –1285 emergency therapy, goals of, 1274 esophageal injuries, 1285 –1286 flail chest, 1283 –1284 , 1284 f intrathoracic injuries tracheobronchial injuries, 1285 treatment goals, 1285 operative intervention, 1286 t penetrating, 1284 –1285 pneumothorax and hemothorax, 1275 –1278 , 1277 f bedside ultrasound, 1277 chest radiograph, 1277 chest tube, 1277 –1278 clinical assessment, 1276 clinical recognition, 1276 disposition, 1278 evidences, 1275 –1276 needle decompression, 1277 open, 1277 tension pneumothorax, 1276 –1277 , 1276 f thoracotomy, 1278 treatment goals, 1276 triage considerations, 1276 pulmonary contusions, 1279 f clinical assessment, 1278 –1279 clinical recognition, 1278 disposition, 1279 evidences, 1278 management, 1279 triage, 1278 rib fractures, 1283 sternal, scapular, and medial clavicle fractures, 1284 traumatic asphyxia, 1287 Thoracoabdominal dissociation, 486 Thoracoabdominal examination, 320 Thoracolumbar spine injuries, 1209 –1212 Chance fracture, 1211 f clinical assessment, 1209 –1210 clinical recognition, 1209 disposition, 1212 evidences, 1209 lumbar vertebrae, compression fractures, 1210 f management, 1210 compression fractures, 1210 –1211 flexion/distraction fractures, 1211 neurologic injuries, without fractures, 1212 patient stabilization, 1210 shear fractures, 1212 , 1212 f treatment goals, 1209 triage considerations, 1209 Thorax tumors, 910 –912 clinical assessment, 911 –912 clinical recognition, 910 –911 evidences, 910 goals of treatment, 910 lymphoma presentations and considerations, 911 t management, 912 Thrombocytopenia, 314 , 352 , 420 –421 , 997 Thrombocytosis, 791 –792 Thrombophlebitis, 164 Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), 421 , 932 Thymic cysts, 1419 Thymomas, 910 , 1419 Thyroglossal duct cysts, 320 , 1348 , 1348 f Thyroid carcinoma, 910 Thyroid eye disease, 178 , 180 Thyroid nodules, 1348 Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor, 1348 Thyroid storm, 676 –677 Thyrotoxicosis, 677 Tibial/fibular shaft fractures, 1204 Tick bites, 636 Tick-borne diseases, 844 –845 Tics, 898 Tinea capitis, 312 , 443 , 443 f, 469 , 647 –649 Tinea corporis (ringworm), 442 –443 , 442 f Tinea cruris, 649 Tinea manuum, 443 Tinea pedis, 443 , 649 Tinea versicolor, 642 f, 649 Toddler’s fracture, 301 , 1204 , 1204 f Todd paralysis, 556 Todd paresis, 491 Toe flexion, 1205 Toe walking, 564 Toilet seat dermatitis, 434 Tongue lacerations, 1167 Tonsillitis, 1323 –1325 clinical assessment, 1325 clinical recognition, 1324 disposition, 1325 evidences, 1324 management, 1325 treatment goals, 1323 –1324 triage considerations, 1324 –1325 Tonsillotomy, 1328 Toothaches, 1313 Tooth fractures, 1106 –1107 , 1109 See also Dental emergencies Torsed appendix testis, 1338 Torsion antenatal torsion testis (newborn), 414 appendage, 410 , 415 testicular, 408 –410 , 409 f–411 f, 415 Torticollis (wry neck), 166 , 328 –330 , 1246 –1249 , 1247 f rotary subluxation and, 1248 f–1249 f sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle, 1246 Torus (buckle) fractures, 1172 , 1195 Total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), 417 Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), 456 –457 Toxic ingestions, 108 , 108 t Toxicologic emergencies drugs of abuse, 1069 t–1071 t amphetamines, 1074 –1075 1,4-butanediol (1,4 BD), 1078 –1079 cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids, 1073 –1074 cathinones, 1079 –1080 central anticholinergics, 1076 –1077 cocaine, 1075 –1076 dextromethorphan, 1069 , 1072 hallucinogens, 1072 –1073 indolealkylamines, 1072 –1073 inhalants, 1079 ketamine, 1069 , 1072 lysergamides (LSD), 1072 –1073 opioids, 1078 phencyclidine (PCP), 1069 , 1072 phenethylamines, 1072 –1073 sedative-hypnotics, 1077 –1078 stimulants, 1074 –1079 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 1073 –1074 household cleaning products, 1058 , 1058 f caustics, 1058 –1061 hydrocarbons, 1061 –1062 , 1061 t lead, 1062 –1064 , 1064 t pesticides, 1065