Antibiotic Discovery and Development pptx

[...]... Jun Hu and Gunther Kern 985 33 A Review of Animal Models Used for Antibiotic Evaluation 1009 Andrea Marra 34 In Vivo Pharmacodynamic Modeling for Drug Discovery 1035 Jared L Crandon and David P Nicolau 35 Applications of Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Models for the Development of Antimicrobial Agents 1055 April Barbour and Hartmut Derendorf Part VIII 36 Antibiotic Drug Development: ... T.J Dougherty and M.J Pucci (eds.), Antibiotic Discovery and Development, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-1400-1_1, © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012 3 R.J White 4 journals, several books have been written that touch on antibiotic discovery [8, 31, 35, 57, 62] and have proven to be an invaluable resource in compiling this chapter The first publication documenting an antibiotic s in vitro and/ or in vivo... Derendorf Part VIII 36 Antibiotic Drug Development: Moving Forward into the Clinic 1071 Jane E Ambler and Greg G Stone Part IX 37 Antibiotic Drug Development The Economics and Incentives of Antibiotic Drug Discovery Stimulating Antibacterial Research and Development: Sense and Sensibility? 1103 Steven J Projan Index 1107 Contributors Jane E Ambler AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals,... Quinn, and María V Villegas Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A Persistent Pathogen in Cystic Fibrosis and Hospital-Associated Infections Kristen N Schurek, Elena B.M Breidenstein, and Robert E.W Hancock Part VI 22 xi 651 679 Mycobacteria Drug Resistant and Persistent Tuberculosis: Mechanisms and Drug Development Ying Zhang 719 VOLUME II Part VII 23 24 Antibiotic Discovery Resistance Trends and Susceptibility... Present, and Future Karen Bush 427 13 Inducible Resistance to Macrolide Antibiotics Sai Lakshmi Subramanian, Haripriya Ramu, and Alexander S Mankin 455 14 Fluoroquinolone Resistance: Mechanisms, Restrictive Dosing, and Anti-Mutant Screening Strategies for New Compounds Karl Drlica, Xilin Zhao, Muhammad Malik, Tal Salz, and Robert Kerns 485 15 Glycopeptide Resistance Bruno Périchon and. .. drama, of course, should detract from the critical and broader role that Waksman played in pursuing and championing the actinomycetes as antibiotic producers His work led to the golden era of antibiotic discovery R.J White 12 1.4 The Pharmaceutical Industry Initiates Screening: Collaboration and Competition Following from Waksman’s work on streptomycin and the demonstration that soil microbes were capable... History of Antibiotic Discovery: Empiricism Ruled 15 screening programs unwittingly biased them towards particular antibiotics and thus the same molecules would repeatedly turn up Furthermore, the publication and patent filings on novel molecules by their competitors exacerbated the risk of re -discovery There were many instances of the same molecule being discovered at about the same time and frequently... viridifaciens, and Pfizer succeeded in chemically converting chlortetracycline to tetracycline [14] All three companies filed patents but were all initially rejected Pfizer and Bristol persisted with their filings and were eventually awarded patents An agreement was reached between the various tetracycline producers and their licensees, and this family of antibiotics became widely prescribed and came to rival... and/ or in vivo activity will usually be considered to be the year of its discovery Only those antibiotics that were found to have clinical utility and were, for at least a time, marketed for the treatment of systemic bacterial infections will be considered As will become clear, the gap in time between an antibiotic s discovery and its availability to prescribing physicians has increased dramatically... screening test being used As will be seen, although the focus and most of the success came from those programs based on the actinomycetes, some important antibiotics other than penicillin came from fungi (cephalosporins and fusidic acid) and other non-actinomycete bacteria (bacitracin and polymyxin) 1.4.2 Screening for Activity The simplest and most straightforward test was to assay a fermentation broth . y0 w0 h0" alt="" Antibiotic Discovery and Development Thomas J. Dougherty ● Michael J. Pucci Editors Antibiotic Discovery and Development Editors Thomas. to capture the antibiotic discovery and development process and provide the reader with a sense of how it is done and where things stand in 2011. The