cell respiration

[...]...Cellular Respiration • Stages of respiration: 1 Glycolysis – prep carbons Cellular Respiration 1 Glycolysis • 1 glucose (6C) 2 pyruvate (3C) • key points: - inputs - ATP - NAD+/NADH - CO2 and H2O - outputs • eukaryotes AND prokaryotes Glycolysis Cellular Respiration -inputs: -outputs: Where do they go? Cellular Respiration Coenzyme Junction • 2 pyruvate (3C)... Chemiosmosis ATP produced! Cellular Respiration 4 Chemiosmosis • ATP synthase: inner mitochondrial membrane • energy input ATP – H+ gradient • chemiosmosis – ion gradient to do work 4 Chemiosmosis Cellular Respiration • Four parts to ATP synthase: Rotor, Stator, Rod, Knob • H+ must enter matrix here • Generates 1 ATP per ~3.4 H+ Cellular Respiration Summary of respiration • Cells convert ~ 40% of energy... gasoline energy Cellular Respiration - anaerobic • no O2 – no oxidative phosphorylation • fermentation - extension of glycolysis • substrate-level phosphorylation only • need to regenerate e- carrier (NAD+) Cellular Respiration - anaerobic Cellular Respiration - anaerobic • Types of fermentation 1 alcohol • pyruvate converted to acetaldehyde • acetaldehyde accepts e• ethanol produced Cellular Respiration. .. Steps of Respiration • Steps of respiration: 1 glycolysis - cytosol Coenzyme Junction 2 Citric acid cycle - mitochondrial matrix 3 ETC - inner mitochondrial membrane 4 Chemiosmosis - inner membrane to intermembrane space Steps of Respiration • Stages of respiration: 3 ETC Proton Motive Force Substrate-level phosphorylation Phosphate group moved from substrate to ADP  yields ATP Cellular Respiration. .. phosphorylation Cellular Respiration – mitochondria revisited Cellular Respiration Electron transport chain (ETC) • ETC  e- collection molecules • embedded on inner mitochondrial membrane • accept e- in turn • e- ultimately accepted by O2 (O2 reduced to H2O) Electron transport chain (ETC) -inputs: per glucose, -outputs: Where do they go? H+ NAD+/FAD Steps of Respiration • Stages of respiration: 4 Chemiosmosis... Acetyl CoA (2C) Steps of Respiration • Stages of respiration: 2 Citric acid cycle e- transfer: redox Cellular Respiration 2 Citric acid cycle • few ATP so far • mitochondrial matrix • 2 Acetyl CoA (2C) join oxaloacetate (4C) • 2 citrate (6C) converted several steps, 4C lost (CO2) • e- to carriers (NAD+, FAD) Citric acid cycle -inputs: -outputs: Where do they go? Self-Check Step of Respiration Inputs Outputs... alcohol • pyruvate converted to acetaldehyde • acetaldehyde accepts e• ethanol produced Cellular Respiration - anaerobic • Types of fermentation 2 Lactic acid • pyruvate accepts e- • lactate produced Cellular Respiration - anaerobic • inputs/outputs • alcohol • pyruvate in • CO2 and EtOH out • brewing & baking • lactic acid • pyruvate in • lactate out • muscle fatigue . Lecture 2 Outline (Ch. 7) I. Overview of Cellular Respiration II. Redox Reactions III. Steps of Respiration IV. Cellular Respiration A. Glycolysis B. Coenzyme. Transport Chain (ETC) E. Chemiosmosis V. Anaerobic respiration VI. Respiration using other biomolecules Cellular Respiration Overall purpose: • convert fuels