I. Sự phối hợp của các động từ trong mệnh đề chính (main clause) và mệnh đề phụ (subordinate clause):
Mary said that she was cooking then.
Lưu ý:
Nội dung
SEQUENCE OF TENSES (SỰ PHỐI HỢP CÁC THÌ) Trong câu có hai mệnh đề trở lên, động từ phải có phối hợp I Sự phối hợp động từ mệnh đề (main clause) mệnh đề phụ (subordinate clause): MAIN CLAUSE Simple Present SUBORDINATE CLAUSE Simple Present Present Perfect Present Tenses Present Continuous Simple Future/ Near Future Simple Past (nếu có thời gian xác định khứ) Simple Past Simple Past Past Perfect Past Tenses Past Continuous would + V (bare-inf.) was/ were going to + V (bare-inf.) Simple Present (nếu diễn tả chân lý) Present Perfect Simple Present Past Perfect Simple Past Ex: People have said that London has fog She says she has finished her homework already She said she would visit me again Tom says he will visit me again They had done that was necessary He says he was born in 1980 My teacher said that the sun rises in the East Mary said that she was cooking then II Sự phối hợp động từ mệnh đề mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian (adverbial clause of time): MAIN CLAUSE ADVERBIAL CLAUSE OF TIME Present Tenses Present Tenses Past Tenses Past Tenses Future Tenses Present Tenses - Present Tenses: Tất tùy theo ngữ cảnh câu - Past Tenses: Tất khứ tùy ngữ cảnh câu - Future Tenses: Tất tương lai tùy ngữ cảnh câu Ex: He never goes home before he has finished his work I often read a newspaper while I am waiting for the bus We will go as soon as you have finished your work It was raining hard when I got there The train had already left when I arrived at the station Please wait here until I come back * Mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian thường bắt đầu với liên từ thời gian: - when/ as: - until/ till: - just as: - whenever: - while: - before: trước - after: sau - as soon as: sau - no sooner than: - hardly when: khó - as long as: chừng nào, - since: từ Lưu ý: Khơng dùng tương lai (Future Tenses) mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian (có thể thay tại) - Trong trường hợp dùng từ nối since lưu ý: S + V (present perfect/ present perfect cont.) + since + S + V (simple Ex: She has played the piano since she was ten years old He has been studying English since he came here ...Future Tenses Present Tenses - Present Tenses: Tất tùy theo ngữ cảnh câu - Past Tenses: Tất khứ tùy ngữ cảnh câu - Future Tenses: Tất tương lai tùy ngữ cảnh câu... long as: chừng nào, - since: từ Lưu ý: Khơng dùng tương lai (Future Tenses) mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian (có thể thay tại) - Trong trường hợp dùng từ nối since lưu ý: S + V (present perfect/ present... Tenses: Tất tương lai tùy ngữ cảnh câu Ex: He never goes home before he has finished his work I often read a newspaper while I am waiting for the bus We will go as soon as you have finished your