WCDMA Basic Theory

WCDMA Basic Theory

WNMP WCDMA WCDMA Basic Theory WIRELESS NETWORK MASTER PLANNING By: Manuel M. Aquino Jr. Future Access Technologies Access Network Planning Department WNMP WCDMA The Goal of this Course After this course, you should be able to • Understand the technology behind WCDMA and its advantages • Understand the roots and roadmap of WCDMA • Be familiar with the basic architecture of a WCDMA network WNMP WCDMA WCDMA Overview Advantages of WCDMA WCDMA Basic Principle WCDMA Architecture Content Training GLOBE TELECOM WNMP WCDMA 1 1 G G 2 2 G G 3 3 G G 4 4 G G Analog cellular D D i i g g i i t t a a l l c c e e l l l l u u l l a a r r D D i i g g i i t t a a l l c c e e l l l l u u l l a a r r Hybrid IP based V V o o i i c c e e V V o o i i c c e e / / d d a a t t a a V V o o i i c c e e / / h h i i g g h h s s p p e e e e d d d d a a t t a a V V o o i i c c e e / / v v e e r r y y h h i i g g h h s s p p e e e e d d d d a a t t a a A A M M P P S S T T A A C C S S C C D D M M A A 1 1 X X R R t t t t G G S S M M G G P P R R S S C C D D M M A A 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 WCDMA HSDPA 9.6 Kbps 64 Kbps/144 Kbps 2 2 M M b b p p s s > > 1 1 0 0 M M b b p p s s 8 8 0 0 ’ ’ 1 1 9 9 9 9 2 2 1 1 9 9 9 9 9 9 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 0 0 0 0 4 4 Not yet deployed Evolution of Mobile Communications AMPS: Advanced Mobile Phone System TACS: Total Access Communication System GPRS: General Packet Radio Services WNMP WCDMA Evolution of Mobile Communications 1G – 1 st Generation: Analog Cellular 1) Feature: • frequency division multiple access (FDMA) • analog signal • narrow band 2)Main mode: AMPS TACS NMT 3)Limitations: • hard to develop digital bearer services • cannot adopt to digitization of fixed networks • low frequency efficiency • cannot meet larger capacity requirements • easy to be eavesdropped WNMP WCDMA Evolution of Mobile Communications 2G – 2 nd Generation: Digital Cellular 1) Feature: • time division multiple access (TDMA) narrow code division multiple access (N-CDMA) • digital signal, narrow band • strong anti-interference capability • security is guaranteed with authentication and encryption • can support ISDN 2) Main mode: GSM D-AMPS N-CDMA 3)Limitations: • Narrow bandwidth unable to provide various broadband information services such as high speed data services. WNMP WCDMA Evolution of Mobile Communications 3G – 3 rd Generation: Digital Cellular – IMT 2000 1) Feature: • code division multiple access (CDMA) • digital signal • broadband • integrated service system integrating all current mobile telephone system functions providing multiple services • large capacity 2) meaning of ‘2000’: • frequency spectrum around 2000MHz • data rate up to 2000kbps • putting into business about 2000 3) Main mode: WCDMA CDMA2000 TD-SCDMA WNMP WCDMA Evolution of Mobile Communications 4G – 4 th Generation: Hybrid IP Based Mobile Network 1) Feature: • 3G Mobile Voice and Data Service, Broadband Access, Video Call • > 10 Mbps Data Rate • In principle will allow high-quality smooth video transmission WNMP WCDMA Birth of IMT2000 FPLMTS 1985 1996 IMT 2000 Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunications System International Mobile Telecommunications 2000 WCDMA TD-SCDMA CDMA2000 UMTS 3GPP 3GPP2 DECT WCDMA-UMTS CDMA 2000 WCDMA-FOMA TDMA TD-SCDMA WNMP WCDMA The Goal of IMT 2000 • Higher transmit rate 2Mbps • Rich and colorful service • Good voice quality • Larger capacity • Lower cost • Good security performance • High frequency efficiency • Increased Mobility • Easy to transition from 2G [...]... Other systems: “make after break” -hard handoff WNMP WCDMA Advantages of WCDMA( 6) Perfect Power Control and voice activation make the UE Power low, healthy for human body Mean Power GSM: WCDMA: WNMP Max Power 125mW 2W 2mW 200mW WCDMA Content WCDMA Overview Advantages of WCDMA WCDMA Basic Principle WCDMA Architecture Training GLOBE TELECOM WNMP WCDMA WCDMA is a Spread-Spectrum System TRADITIONAL COMMUNICATIONS... WNMP TMSC GGSN HSS/ HLR HLR WCDMA UMTS 5 MHz channel FDD mode Uplink Fig 1 Working frequency: 2GHz Fig 2 Bandwidth: 5MHz Chip rate: 3.84Mcps Frame length: 10 ms Downlink TDD mode 5 MHz channel WNMP Uplink and Downlink WCDMA 3G Spectrum WNMP WCDMA Content WCDMA Overview Advantages of WCDMA WCDMA Basic Principle WCDMA Architecture Training GLOBE TELECOM WNMP WCDMA Advantages of WCDMA( 1) Frequency reuse... WNMP WCDMA Family concept WCDMA CN based on MAP CDMA2000 3G TD-SCDMA CN based on ANSI-41 standards CN based on MAP CDMA is the main technology of 3G WNMP WCDMA Family concept CN(Core Network) 2G/3G Radio Network IS-95 IS-41 CN CDMA2000 NNI GSM CN GSM WCDMA WNMP WCDMA 3G Standard Organization WNMP WCDMA WNMP WCDMA WCDMA Technology Evolution 9.6kbps 2G 64kbps 2.5G 144kbps 2.75G EDGE GSM 2Mbps 3G WCDMA. .. Example:cover 1000 km2： GSM need 200 BTS WCDMA only need 50 BTS Attention: exact result need “Link Budget ” WNMP WCDMA Advantages of WCDMA( 4) High privacy and hard to eavesdropped Each user is below the noise deeply Spread signal Information signal Demodulated signal TX Spread code WNMP RX Spread code WCDMA Advantages of WCDMA( 5) Use soft handoff: decrease drop-call rate WCDMA ”make before break” -soft handoff... 1 1 1 1 Typical Frequency Reuse N=1 WNMP WCDMA Advantages of WCDMA( 2) Large capacity FDMA -Different user use different frequency FDMA Power TACS、AMPS TDMA -Different user use different time slot of one frequency TDMA Power GSM、DAMPS WCDMA -Different user use same frequency at the same time,but with different spreading code WNMP CDMA Power WCDMA Advantages of WCDMA( 3) large coverage almost 2 times than... original data WNMP WCDMA Spread Process Digital Signal Spreading Signal -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 Spreading 1 -1 1 -1 Spreading Code WNMP WCDMA De-spread Process -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 Despreading -1 1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 WNMP -4 4 0 Integrator 0 Adjudge -1 1 WCDMA Illustration to SS Principle(1) Power is “Spread” Over a Larger Bandwidth 12.2 KHz 5 MHz WNMP WCDMA Illustration... 2000 WNMP 2001 2002 Specification complete time WCDMA UMTS R99 NETWORK ARCHITECTURE 3G Rel 99 Node B RNC MGW Node B PSTN/ SS7oIP PLMN 2G BTS GGSN BSC SMSC MSC BTS WNMP TMSC HLR SGSN WCDMA UMTS R4 NETWORK ARCHITECTURE 3G Rel 4 MSC Server Node B SGSN GMSC Server IP Backbone MGW RNC MGW Node B PSTN/ SS7oIP PLMN 2G BTS GGSN BSC SMSC MSC BTS WNMP TMSC HLR WCDMA UMTS R5 NETWORK ARCHITECTURE 3G Rel 5 MSC... sequence spread-spectrum technology to transmit a number of independent conversations across 5MHz segments of the radio spectrum WNMP WCDMA UMTS Protocol Version Evolution • • • • Inherit all the service • and function of 2G(GSM and GPRS） • CN is composed of CS domain and PS domain WCDMA UTRAN • access Iu interface between RAN and CN Inherit all the service and function of R99 CS domain change: control is... a fast spreading sequence and transmit a wideband signal  The spreading sequence is independently regenerated at the receiver and mixed with the incoming wideband signal to recover the original data WCDMA What is Spread Spectrum? ORIGINATING SITE Spread signal DESTINATION Spread Data Stream Input Data Recovered Data Spreading Sequence Spreading Sequence Definition:Spread spectrum technique, employ... Power is “Spread” Over a Larger Bandwidth 12.2 KHz 5 MHz WNMP WCDMA Illustration to SS Principle(2) Many code channels are individually “spread” and then added together to create a “composite signal” WNMP WCDMA . of WCDMA • Be familiar with the basic architecture of a WCDMA network WNMP WCDMA WCDMA Overview Advantages of WCDMA WCDMA Basic Principle WCDMA. of 3G WCDMA WNMP WCDMA WCDMA IS-41 CN GSM GSM CN NNI CN(Core Network) 2G/3G Radio Network WCDMA IS-95 CDMA2000 Family concept WNMP WCDMA