Connectivity of logistics chain of Nippon Express Hanoi with Vietnamese enterprises in the period 2015-2021 and outlook to 2025

N A M E C ao Vi nh Q ua ng M A J O R: In te rn ati on al B us NATIONAL ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY ADVANCED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS BACHELOR THESIS International Business Topic: Connectivity of logistics chain of Nippon Express Hanoi with Vietnamese enterprises in the period 2015-2021 and outlook to 2025 Cao Vinh Quang Y E A R: 20 Hanoi - 2022 NATIONAL ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY ADVANCED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS BACHELOR THESIS Topic: Connectivity of logistics chain of Nippon Express Hanoi with Vietnamese enterprises in the period 2015-2021 and outlook to 2025 Student: Cao Vinh Quang Speciality: International Business Class: International Business Administration 60B Student’s ID: 11184159 Supervisor: Assoc.Prof.Dr Bui Huy Nhuong HÀ NỘI – 2022 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to thank all the Board of Directors of National Economics University and the teachers in the Institute of Advanced, High Quality & POHE for creating conditions for me to study and work accumulate knowledge in the best environment Thank you, teachers, for your enthusiastic teaching to help the author could learn and equip myself with valuable baggage During the time since starting the thesis, I have received the attention, guidance and help of Assoc Dr Bui Huy Nhuong I would like to express my sincere thanks to the teacher who has been very enthusiastic in supporting, encouraging, and guiding me to carry out and complete the thesis My sincere gratitude to Mr Nguyen Van Chinh, General Manager of Transportation Department at Nippon Express Hanoi Branch for giving me a chance to my internship in the Tranportation Department and Logistics Department Lastly, I would like to thank Ms Dang My Linh, leader of the group for her useful information and support Author STATUTORY DECLARATION I, Cao Vinh Quang, hereby declare that this research is an independent work done by myself The information and data analyzed and used in the research are completely honest, have clear origins and are published in accordance with regulations Some conclusions in the research paper are inherited from previous studies, some are new findings of the research team made on the basis of honest and objective investigation and analysis, which is practical in accordance with the Vietnamese context I take responsibility for my promises Hanoi, … /.… / 2021 Signature TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS STATUTORY DECLARATION ABBREVIATIONS .6 LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES Warehouse system INTRODUCTION Significance of the study .9 Research Objectives & Research Task 10 2.1 Research Objective .10 2.2 Research task 10 Object and scope of the study 11 3.1 Object 11 3.2 Location 11 3.2.1 Duration 11 Research method 11 Organization of the study 11 Contributions: .11 CHAPTER 1: GENERAL THEORY OF CONNECTIVITY OF LOGISTICS CHAIN BETWEEN FOREIGN CORPORATIONS AND DOMESTIC ENTERPRISES 12 1.1.1 Content of conectivity 13 1.1.2.1 Connectivity of infrastructure 13 1.1.2.2 Connectivity of service 15 1.2 Factors affecting to logisctics 15 1.2.1 Enterprise Factors .15 1.2.2 National factors 17 1.2.2.3 International competition 18 CHAPTER : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 19 2.1 Research design 19 2.2 Information collection 20 2.2.1 Sources of information to be gathered: 20 2.2.1.1 Secondary data source 20 2.2.1.2 Primary data source 20 2.2.2 Planning for information collection: 20 2.3 METHODS OF INFORMATION PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS 21 Chapter 3: : THE CURRENT SITUATIONS OF CONNECTIVITY OF LOGISTICS CHAIN OF NIPPON EXPRESS (JAPAN) WITH VIETNAMESE ENTERPRISES IN THE PERIOD 2015-2021 23 3.1.2 The process of establishment and development of enterprises: 23 3.1.2.1 Establishment: .23 3.1.2.2 The organization structure of the company: 26 3.1.2.3 General performance of Nippon Express Limited Company, Hanoi Branch 28 3.2 Connectivity capacity of Vietnamese Enterprises 30 3.2.1.Connectivity Capacity of Vietnamese Enterprises .30 3.2.1.1 Capacity for Human Resources .30 3.2.1.2 Capacity for infrastructure 31 3.2.1.3 Capacity for logistics services 34 3.3 Current situations of Connectivity of logistics chain of Nippon Express with Vietnamese Enterprises 41 3.3.1 Connectivity of infrastructure 41 3.3.2 Connnectivity of services 45 3.3.2.1 Service quality 45 3.3.2.2 Service Efficiency 46 3.4 Evaluate the Connectivity situation of Nippon Express with Vietnamese Enterprises .51 3.4.1 Overall results 51 3.4.2 Limitations 53 3.4.3 Reasons for limitations .55 3.4.3.1 Objective reasons 55 3.4.3.2 Subjective reasons 57 CHAPTER 4: ORIENTATIONS AND SOLUTIONS TO PROMOTE THE CONNECTIVITY OF LOGISTICS CHAIN OF NIPPON EXPRESS (JAPAN) WITH VIETNAMESE ENTERPRISES 59 4.2 Solutions to promote the Connectivity of logistics chain of Nippon Express with Vietnamese Enterprises 60 4.2.1 Invest to upgrade infrastructure and logistics services of Vietnamese Enterprises to the standards of Nippon Express 60 4.2.2 Develope an effective online logistics chain platform .61 4.2.3 Improve the quality of Vietnamese human resources to the standards of Nippon Express .61 4.2.4 Improve competitiveness in connectivity 65 4.3 Recommendations 65 4.3.1 Recommendations to the Vietnamese Government 65 4.3.2 Recommendations to Japanese partner 66 CONCLUSION 68 REFERENCES 69 APPENDIX 71 CUSTOMER SATISFACTION QUESTIONS FOR IMPORT AND EXPORT GOOD TRANSPORTATION SERVICES AT NIPPON EXPRESS VIETNAM CO., LTD IN HANOI 71 ABBREVIATIONS No Abbreviations Written in full NEV-HAN Nippon Express Vietnam Limited Company, Hanoi Branch VE C Cost P Price VLA 3PL Vietnam Logistics Business Association Third Party Logistics 4PL Fourth Party Logistics Vietnamese Enterprise LIST OF FIGURES No Figure Name Figure 1.1 Performance of enterprises over the years Figure 3.1 The organization structure of the company Figure 3.2 Figure 3.3 Steps to implement transport services of Connecting Logistics Chain Accident handling proces LIST OF TABLES No Figure Name Table 3.1 Business results of NEV-HAN 2015-2018 Table 3.2 Means of transport of the Logistics Connection Chain Table 3.3 Table 3.4 Output of import and export goods delivery of the Company Assessment of criteria “Logistics Service Capability” Table 3.5 Table 3.6 Table 3.7 Main routes in the logistics chain of Nippon Express Company with Vietnamese enterprises Table 3.8 Revenue per product Table 3.9 Results of revenue planning of connecting NEV-HAN Assessment Criteria “Responsibility” Warehouse system logistics chains with enterprises 10 Table 3.10 Operational efficiency of logistics chain connection through quantitative criteria 11 Table 3.11 Prices of some transport routes Connecting the logistics chain 12 Table 3.12 Statistics of customers of logistics chain connection from 2018-2021 INTRODUCTION are performed by direct management, there is no plan to train human resources in the future, etc Unattractive employee incentive policies have resulted in some talents leaving the logistics chain connection after a while , while some poor employees have not been boldly fired The quality of input human resources is poor The education and training system itself has many shortcomings In fact, students study according to the textbooks that are reprinted many times but rarely update, not keeping up with reality; learning is also not combined with practice The knowledge learned in school is only a foundation because many things are not like in reality New employees with little or no experience, still have many surprises, which can affect the customer's view of the professionalism of the logistics chain connection Connecting logistics chains NEV-HAN and VE have not had formal training programs or improved qualifications for employees New employees mainly learn from the experiences of their predecessors and accumulate more while working Although the staff themselves have also gone to school to improve their knowledge, they are also professional and have not paid much attention to other requirements such as laws, international terms, foreign languages, and other requirements sales and marketing skills - NEV-HAN's dealer network is really wide, but that's why it's impossible to control all of their service quality Human resources are limited, with only a few employees working on new agents and only part of their duties besides their main expertise Secondly, new agents cannot know their specific quality, they have to go once to have a basis to decide whether to continue cooperation or not On the other hand, objective reasons must also be taken into account because goods in the process of forwarding and shipping are subject to many risks, no agent can work without errors CHAPTER 4: ORIENTATIONS AND SOLUTIONS TO PROMOTE THE CONNECTIVITY OF LOGISTICS CHAIN OF NIPPON EXPRESS (JAPAN) WITH VIETNAMESE ENTERPRISES 4.1 Orientations 4.1.1.Forecast the development of logistics services in the future to 2025 Logistics is an important service industry in the overall structure of the national economy, playing the role of supporting, connecting and promoting socioeconomic development of the whole country as well as each locality, contributing to improving competitiveness of the economy Application of information technology, digital transformation and innovation go hand in hand with the development of highquality logistics human resources Striving to 2025, 60% of businesses will successfully implement digital transformation Digital transformation will contribute to improving labor productivity in the logistics service industry by 30% - 35% depending on the application digital platform Our labor productivity is lower than other countries in the ASEAN region, only 7.6% of Singapore's Training to improve the quality of logistics human resources and improve labor productivity will help businesses improve the quality of services that are increasingly demanding, meeting logistics activities in new markets and logistics activities created by free trade agreements, especially CPTPP, EVFTA, RCEP Developing strong 3PL and 4PL logistics enterprises to act as the locomotive for other logistics service providers, first of all, member enterprises of the (VLA) Currently, VLA has many strong 3PL integrated logistics service providers such as Saigon Newport, Gemadept, Transimex, Sotrans or smaller enterprises like T&M Forwarding using the CargoWise One logistics technology platform being applied global use However, most of our 3PLs are still at the initial stage compared to transnational 3PLs operating in Vietnam Rapidly implementing the application of information technology, digital transformation and having a team of staff trained in both theory and high quality, expanding international cooperation will help 3PLs become stronger and form 4PLs, even small and medium enterprises Deploying the opening of representative offices in foreign countries, expanding the niche logistics market will help logistics service businesses increase job opportunities in the context that the global supply chain is shifting in favor of Vietnam when The current COVID-19 pandemic is complicated Actively seeking and linking with import-export enterprises and international enterprises, notably participating in the World Logistics Passport project, which VLA is currently a pandemic, has confirmed the role of the logistics industry as a service industry important role of the economy and social life through logistics service activities, making practical contributions to the restoration and development of the supply chain, notably Vietnam's import and export turnover in 2021 surpassed the $650 billion mark and had a trade surplus Developing 3PL and 4PL logistics businesses will help the logistics industry increase high added value for the supply chain Developing air freight and sea freight business Currently, Vietnam does not have a fleet of aircraft to transport goods, depending on the charter of foreign countries In fact, recently, in difficult conditions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, international and domestic passenger routes could not be operated again, a number of airlines such as Vietnam Airlines, Vietjet Air, and Bamboo Airways have been flexible converting passenger aircraft to carrying goods for logistics companies to hire for the whole trip or for a combination to meet the rapid development of crossborder e-commerce by However, up to 88% of the market share is in the hands of international carriers such as KE, QR, CI, CX, Nippon, DHL, FedEx Faced with that situation, a number of businesses belonging to the VLA Association contributed capital to establish Asean Cargo Gateway Joint Stock Company (ACG), which had its first flight on March 6, 3021, providing freight services by weekly air routes for the routes Saigon - Jakarta, Saigon - Bangkok, Saigon - Incheon and initially Hanoi Incheon with preferential rates 10% - 20% higher than the market price Towards the formation of hubs for goods transshipped to Europe, thereby contributing to solving difficulties for goods imported and exported by air 4.2 Solutions to promote the Connectivity of logistics chain of Nippon Express with Vietnamese Enterprises 4.2.1 Invest to upgrade infrastructure and logistics services of Vietnamese Enterprises to the standards of Nippon Express Improve resources for the industry: ports, airports, inland customs clearance ports, roads, railways, warehouses, equipment and related institutions such as tax, insurance, banking, environment All resources must be logically arranged in a coherent planning map, able to effectively interact and support each other It is necessary to invest in and upgrade transport infrastructure, encourage rail container transport, and focus on building deep-water transshipment ports in the region Building a distribution network between shippers, forwarding companies, branch systems, and final distribution places Simultaneously with distribution centers are warehouse systems Regarding air freight forwarding, the Government should allow the Association to arrange to organize research, investment, and construction of an area for consolidating agents and customs clearance at international airports such as: Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi and Da Nang To build a dedicated Singapore-Malaysia station with areas for delivery, reception, transshipment according to professional processes as countries in the region have been doing such as Thailand, and Modernize warehouses and distribution 4.2.2 Develope an effective online logistics chain platform Completing the legal system on forwarding and logistics business, creating a favorable legal corridor to promote the development of this business Improve the unified management mechanism among ministries and sectors related to logistics activities, ensure close relationship and avoid overlapping in management, create favorable conditions for logistics enterprises to operate Customs procedures have partly applied modern information technology to make customs declaration more convenient for businesses However, the situation of implicit costs to solve problems and attitudes that cause difficulties for businesses still exists Transparency and simplification of administrative procedures are urgently needed when Vietnam is increasingly integrating deeply with the world 4.2.3 Improve the quality of Vietnamese human resources to the standards of Nippon Express Professional competence is the core factor so that each employee can effectively perform the service provision process, meet the needs of customers, thereby demonstrating the professionalism of the staff of the company Therefore, it is necessary to have synchronous policies in human resource development, in terms of expertise, management, information, etc Firstly, focus on planning human resources to ensure that the staff is always sufficient in quantity, strong in quality, and best and timely met the needs of customers - Completing regulations on functions, duties and assigning tasks for each title at the company, clearly building task assignment tables, specific job descriptions for each title - Evaluate the capacity of each staff to screen, develop training plans, recruit new personnel in accordance with the actual needs of the company for each job position Develop a comprehensive human resource development plan - Implement some financial policies to attract high-quality human resources - To summarize and evaluate the work efficiency and responsibilities of each staff member in each department Heads of departments evaluate the effectiveness of employees of their respective departments The Director evaluates the performance of the Department Heads - Review, amend and supplement regulations on salary, income, benefits, ensure staff's life, implement salary regulations in accordance with capacity and work efficiency Evaluate employees based on job assignment sheets to propose a reasonable salary and bonus, commensurate with work results Secondly, finalize the policy on recruitment and use of employees: - For employee recruitment policy: + The company must determine to recruit people suitable for the job, firstly suitable for logistics activities, then the requirements for professional qualifications; however, it is necessary to determine the work efficiency as a measure, regardless of the selected person, and at the same time, make the procedures, standards, working conditions, remuneration and selection process public and transparent regardless of male or female in recruitment and training At the same time, it is necessary to have good recruiters who, if lacking, can hire consultants and apply the probationary system There should be no impact on personnel recruitment policy + When recruiting, it is necessary to make a job description for the vacancy to help the process of selecting the best candidates among the resumes The job description must be clear, easy to understand and accurate to help the candidate connect with the job with the company because the candidate can know for sure what the job requires when participating in recruitment + It is necessary to summarize the responsibilities of the job when recruited, make a list of the main tasks that need to be performed - For employee employment policy: + Develop a human resource plan according to the number and progress of monthly/quarterly/yearly increase and decrease based on the production and business plan to ensure resources to complete the work + Company leaders need to know how to use the right people with the right professional capacity The ability to manage and use human resources is an important factor that any organization that wants to succeed must properly understand the issue of using human resources In other words, a good leader is a leader who knows how to "use people" Using the right employees also creates consensus for the working environment, helping employees work effectively The selection of the right person for each job position needs to be considered and accurately assessed, based on the professional capacity and skills of each employee to arrange and appoint to the appropriate positions Thirdly, develop training programs and plans for employees: - Regular and periodical training to improve professional skills for employees through training and refresher courses to improve professional skills and timely grasp changes in mechanisms, policies, and activities market dynamics as well as the tastes of customer groups - The company needs to develop a training program for new employees: This is a basic training and coaching stage, creating a solid and methodical knowledge for employees from the beginning Therefore, creating a synchronous development of expertise in the company, the process of replacing human resources, taking over and handing over jobs will be less entangled because employees have enough capacity to proactively solve problems Work - The company needs to focus on training general knowledge and regularly updating it in order to train staffs who can gather general knowledge and have a broad vision for the staff of all departments in the company - It is necessary to have measures and programs to train skills and other aspects such as foreign languages, informatics, communication, law knowledge, management - It is necessary to regularly organize exchanges, seminars, and updates for employees, this is a way to improve the professional knowledge of employee in a practical and effective way, creating a common consensus when dealing with work of a similar nature - New staff often only master the theory, often lack of experience, so shortterm training should go deep into the actual working field because a new candidate can pass the interview and skills test smoothly However, no one is sure that the person can complete the assigned work well in a short time, but most of the time, it takes a long time to actually work to determine the capacity + Heads of consulting departments need to make a list of each member's strengths in their department, based on that, to arrange suitable jobs based on each person's capacity and specific characteristics of each job specific job + It is necessary to arrange difficult jobs for more excellent individuals, and assign tasks to subordinates according to each person's ability Build trust and help the company complete the work efficiently In employing cadres, the power of solidarity, motivation and hard work should not be underestimated Nor should one's knowledge and understanding be overestimated 4.2.4 Improve competitiveness in connectivity Freight forwarding is a very developed and attractive industry, so the level of competition is also very high Investing in this field does not require much capital, so forwarding businesses have sprung up like mushrooms Currently, on the market, there are thousands of businesses operating in this field, concentrated in two large areas, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh These companies have the same customers, operate on the same market, and especially the price and quality are not much different So the real competition takes place between companies Another feature in this service industry is also quite special, that is, competitors are also business partners NEV-HAN also regularly strengthens relationships with other freight forwarders The service quality of these partners also directly affects the service quality of the company, for example: Dash Logistics, Khanh Binh Transport Company, Quang Vinh Transport Company, 24/7 transportation service NEV-HAN should continue to co-operate with other competitors as a way to keep the business running, but also can learn from their advantages such as models, management, information technology,… to apply and improve the quality of their own services 4.3 Recommendations 4.3.1 Recommendations to the Vietnamese Government The Government formulates and promulgates the Strategy for the development of Vietnam's logistics industry to 2025 and orientation to 2030, in which the content is related to training and human development in terms of both professional knowledge and labor skills logistics industry; consider this as one of the breakthrough solutions in the development of Vietnam's logistics industry in the coming time At the same time, the Government should develop and issue a Resolution on encouraging businesses and stakeholders to participate in higher education and vocational education; including regulations on cooperation mechanism between enterprises and higher education and vocational education institutions The government also needs to exchange and expand international training cooperation opportunities for logistics human resource training institutions; create a favorable environment for investment in logistics human resource training; increase scholarship opportunities for domestic students, lecturers, and staff of the logistics industry to train abroad Vietnam Logistics Human Resource Development Association VALOMA focuses on supporting and connecting mining facilities and businesses on the basis of performing a number of important tasks as follows: + Develop a set of professional standards for the Logistics and Supply Chain Management Industry, in the immediate future for areas (warehouse, transportation, forwarding and supply chain management) with levels of human resources (managers) field technicians; supervisory coordinators; management and operations personnel) + Organize practice models, practice joint exploitation on the basis of optimal mobilization of resources and linkages between schools and businesses to ensure practice capacity for the entire membership system and strategic partners strategy of VALOMA + Mobilize and enlist the support of domestic, regional and international logistics experts to participate in the "VALOMA COE Training Center of Excellence" model to organize professional activities of outstanding quality with Low cost for members + Support member schools in building and developing training programs such as: program design and professional certificates according to VALOMA standards; Develop a set of common reference documents, evaluate training programs according to the requirements of the school + Support member schools in fostering and training lecturers on teaching experience, professional expertise, how to use practical tools, and simulation models to solve real-life situations 4.3.2 Recommendations to Japanese partner To improve efficiency in logistics human resource recruitment, businesses need to regularly forecast development trends of the logistics service industry in order to identify recruitment needs and develop appropriate human resource development strategies fit These forecasts, if shared with logistics human resource training institutions, will also help training institutions have an important factual basis in recruiting and building training programs to meet the labor market motion Nippon Express needs to promote internship programs for third or final year students majoring in logistics from universities and colleges in order to find suitable human resources and meet business requirements ; at the same time shorten the time for integration training and re-training at enterprises after official recruitment Nippon Express can strengthen the signing of official and long-term cooperation programs with universities and colleges in logistics human resource training and recruitment Provide financial and non-financial support for students with excellent academic results in order to attract good personnel after graduation to work in enterprises Besides, the company can also accompany as sponsors for competitions on logistics and supply chain management organized by training institutions, Vietnam Logistics Human Development Association or other organizations other related organizations to select young talents to recruit for enterprises Nippon Express need to develop clear and appropriate recruitment and remuneration policies to attract existing workers in the industry to work at the enterprise in order to increase personnel with professional qualifications and practical experience, supplementing the enterprise's existing workforce; Reduce costs and training time for new employees CONCLUSION Strengthening the connection of logistics chain will contribute to increasing the competitiveness of the economy and the country In the current strong global trend, the competition between countries in the world is becoming more and more fierce and fierce This has made connection of logistics chain one of the country's crucial factors to develop the logistics industry Countries that are well connected to its logistics network of forwarding services can improve the quality of the logistics supply chain and become one of the main imports and exports land in the world Developing the connection of logistics chain will bring huge benefits to the economy This is an integrated chain operation, the efficiency of this process is of decisive importance to the competitiveness of each country's industry and trade, and is meant to ensure the operation of production , business other services are guaranteed on time and quality, bringing the ability to reduce costs, improve the quality of products and services Through studying the actual operation of Nippon Express Vietnam Co., Ltd - Hanoi branch, the thesis topic has achieved the following research results:  The topic has systematized the theoretical basis of services and quality of connectivity of logistcis chain and freight forwarding for both import and export  The topic has surveyed, analyzed and assessed the current status of quality of import and export connectivity of logistics chain of Nippon Express Vietnam Co., Ltd - Hanoi branch in the period 2015-2021  Orientation and propose solutions to improve the connectivity of logistics chain receive import and export cargo transportation of Nippon Express Vietnam Co., Ltd - Hanoi branch in the near future Although I have tried to be meticulous in the research process, but due to limited resources and research capacity of the students themselves, errors in the thesis are unavoidable Therefore, I am very eager to receive suggestions from teachers, to improve the bachelor thesis Best regards! 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