Routing Protocols and Concepts: Chapter 2 pot

Chapter 2 Static Routing quangkien@gmail.com 22 Topics l Routers and the Network Ÿ Role of the Router Ÿ Introducing the Topology Ÿ Examining the Connections of the Router l Router Configuration Review Ÿ Examining Router Interfaces Ÿ Configuring an Ethernet Interface Ÿ Verifying Ethernet Addresses Ÿ Configuring a Serial Interfaces Ÿ Examining Serial Interfaces l Exploring Directly Connected Networks Ÿ Verifying Changes to the Routing Table Ÿ Devices on Directly Connected Networks Ÿ Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) Ÿ Using CDP for Network Discovery l Static Routes - Next-Hop Addresses Ÿ ip route command Ÿ Configuring Static Routes Ÿ Routing Table Principles Ÿ Resolving to an Exit Interface with a Recursive Lookup l Static Routes - Exit Interfaces Ÿ Configuring a Static Route with an Exit Interfaces Ÿ Static Routes and Point-to-Point Networks Ÿ Modifying Static Routes Ÿ Verifying the Static Route Configuration Ÿ Static Routes - Ethernet Interface l Summary and Default Static Routes Ÿ Summary Static Routes Ÿ Default Static Routes l Managing and Troubleshooting Static Routes Ÿ Static Routes and Packet Forwarding Ÿ Troubleshooting a Missing Route Ÿ Solving the Missing Route Routers and the Network l Role of the Router l Introducing the Topology l Examining the Connection on the Router 44 Role of the Router l Routers are primarily responsible for interconnecting networks by: Ÿ Determining the best path Ÿ Forwarding packets 55 Topology l A Cisco 1841 router has the following interfaces: Ÿ Two Fast Ethernet interfaces: FastEthernet 0/0 and FastEthernet 0/1 Ÿ Two serial interfaces: Serial 0/0/0 and Serial0/0/1 l The interfaces on your routers can vary. l Packet Tracer Activities are referenced throughout these chapters for additional practices. Introducing the Topology 66 Examining the Connections l Unlike most user PCs, a router will have multiple network interfaces. l These interfaces can include a variety of connectors. 77 Serial Connectors l Cisco routers support the EIA/TIA-232, EIA/TIA-449, V.35, X.21, and EIA/TIA-530 standards for serial connections, l Memorizing these connection types is not important. l Just know that a router has a DB-60 port that can support five different cabling standards. 88 Serial Connectors l 2500 have the “older,” larger serial interfaces l Later Cisco routers use the smart serial interfaces which allows more data to be forwarded across fewer cable pins. Smart Serial “Older” Serial 99 Serial Connectors l Router is typically a DTE device. l The DTE cable is connected to the serial interface on the router to a CSU/DSU device (DCE). DTE Cable DCE Cable 1010 Serial Connectors l In our labs we will use serial DTE/DCE cables (no CSU/DSU) with a DTE cable connected to one router and a DCE cable connected to the other router. DTE DCE DTE DTE [...]... Kbit, DLY 20 000 usec, l The serial interface will be in the up state only after the other end of the serial link has also been properly configured 24 Configuring a Serial Interface R1(config)# interface serial 0/0/0 R1(config-if)# ip address 1 72. 16 .2. 1 25 5 .25 5 .25 5.0 R1(config-if)# no shutdown R2(config)# interface serial 0/0/0 R2(config-if)# ip address 1 72. 16 .2. 2 25 5 .25 5 .25 5.0 R2(config-if)#... resort is not set 1 72. 16.0.0 /24 is subnetted, 2 subnets C 1 72. 16 .2. 0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0 C 1 72. 16.3.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 l 1 72. 16 .2. 0 /24 serial network is now in the routing table for R1 31 Verifying the Serial Interface Configuration R1# show running-config ! interface FastEthernet0/0 description R1 LAN ip address 1 72. 16.3.1 25 5 .25 5 .25 5.0 ! interface... those addresses that are directly connected, configured statically, and learned dynamically l R1 and R2 only have routes for directly connected networks 34 Observing Routes as They are Added to the Routing Table R2# debug ip routing IP routing debugging is on R2(config)# int fa0/0 R2(config-if)# ip address 1 72. 16.1.1 25 5 .25 5 .25 5.0 R2(config-if)# no shutdown %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/0,... Discovery Routing Table Concepts R1# show ip route Gateway of last resort is not set 1 72. 16.0.0 /24 is subnetted, 2 subnets C 1 72. 16 .2. 0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0 C 1 72. 16.3.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 R2# show ip route Gateway of last resort is not set 1 72. 16.0.0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 1 72. 16 .2. 0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0 l The routing. .. protocol is up Hardware is PowerQUICC Serial Internet address is 1 72. 16 .2. 1 /24 R1# show ip interface brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method FastEthernet0/0 1 72. 16.3.1 YES manual Serial0/0/0 1 72. 16 .2. 1 YES manual Status Protocol up up up up R1# ping 1 72. 16 .2. 2 Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1 72. 16 .2. 2, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! R1# 30 Verifying the Serial... R1(config-if)# clock rate 64000 01:10 :28 : %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0/0, changed state to up l Available clock rates, in bits per second, are 120 0, 24 00, 9600, 1 920 0, 38400, 56000, 64000, 720 00, 125 000, 148000, 500000, 800000, 1000000, 1300000, 20 00000, and 4000000 l If DTE interface is configured with the clock rate command, IOS disregards it 29 Verifying the Serial Interface... last resort is not set C 1 72. 16.0.0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnets 1 72. 16.3.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 l Phone book analogy: Families not individuals with same number l Occasionally, a “host route” is entered in the routing table; the host route represents an individual host IP address l The host route is listed with the device’s host IP address and a / 32 (25 5 .25 5 .25 5 .25 5) subnet mask l The topic... interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 1 72. 16.3.1 25 5 .25 5 .25 5.0 Note: no shutdown is not displayed 22 Ethernet Interfaces Participate in ARP R1# show interfaces fastethernet 0/0 FastEthernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is AmdFE, address is 000c.3010. 926 0 (bia 000c.3010. 926 0) Internet address is 1 72. 16.3.1 /24 l A router’s Ethernet interface participates... 25 5 .25 5 .25 5.0 ! interface Serial0/0/0 description Link to R2 ip address 1 72. 16 .2. 1 25 5 .25 5 .25 5.0 clockrate 64000 ! R1# l Although the clock rate command is two words, IOS spells clockrate as a single word in the running configuration and startup configuration files 32 Exploring Directly Connected Networks l Verifying Changes to the Routing Table l Devices on Directly Connected Networks... interfaces: Ÿ Layer 2 MAC address Ÿ ARP Cache Ÿ Issue ARP Requests when needed Ÿ Issue ARP Replies when required 23 Configuring a Serial Interface R1(config)# interface serial 0/0/0 R1(config-if)# ip address 1 72. 16 .2. 1 25 5 .25 5 .25 5.0 R1(config-if)# no shutdown R1# show interfaces serial 0/0/0 Serial0/0/0 is down, line protocol is down Hardware is PowerQUICC Serial Internet address is 1 72. 16 .2. 1 /24 MTU 1500 . Chapter 2 Static Routing quangkien@gmail.com 22 Topics l Routers and the Network Ÿ Role of the Router Ÿ Introducing. type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level -2, ia