2 Cách nhận biết từ loại a Cánh nhận biết danh từ danh từ thường có các hậu tố sau TION ATION prevention, invention, preservation, conservation, information MENT development, employment, disappointme.
Cách nhận biết từ loại: a Cánh nhận biết danh từ: danh từ thường có hậu tố sau: -TION/ -ATION prevention, invention, preservation, conservation, information -MENT development, employment, disappointment, instrument -ENCE/-ANCE existence, difference, importance -NESS richness, happiness, business -ER (chỉ người) teacher, speaker, worker, writer, singer -OR (chỉ người) sailor, inventor, visitor, actor, editor -IST (chỉ người) physicist, typist, biologist, chemist, guitarist -AR/-ANT/-EE (chỉ người) beggar, assistant, employee, interviewee -ING teaching, understanding, schooling, building -AGE teenage, marriage, passage, package, drainage -SHIP friendship, scholarship, championship -ISM (chủ nghĩa) pessimism, optimism, criticism, idealism (chủ nghĩa tâm) -(I)TY possibility, responsibility, reality, beauty, safety, variety (verb)-AL refusal, arrival, survival -TH width, warmth, strength, youth, truth, depth b Cánh nhận biết tính từ: tính từ thường có hậu tố sau: -FUL harmful, useful, successful, helpful, beautiful -LESS (nghĩa phủ định) homeless, careless, treeless (noun)-Y (có nhiều) rainy, snowy, sandy, windy (noun)-LY (có vẻ, hàng ngày giờ.ngày ) manly, friendly, motherly, yearly, hourly, daily -ISH foolish, selfish, childish (noun)-AL (thuộc về) industrial, natural, agricultural, musical -OUS poisonous, nervous, dangerous, famous -IVE active, expensive, attractive, progressive -IC artistic, electric, economic -ABLE countable, fashionable, comfortable, acceptable c Cánh nhận biết động từ: động từ thường có tiền tố hậu tố sau: Tiền tố EN- endanger, enlarge, enrich (làm giàu), encourage (động viên) -FY classify, modify, satisfy -IZE, -ISE socialize, modernize, industrialize -EN widen, frighten, brighten, sharpen -ATE considerate, translate, nominate d Cánh nhận biết trạng từ: trạng từ thường có hậu tố -LY Eg : beautifully, carefully, suddenly, carelessly, recently Lưu ý: Một số trạng từ đặc biệt cần ghi nhớ: - good (a) well (adv): giỏi, tốt - late (a) late / lately (adv): trễ, chậm - ill (a) ill (adv): xấu, tồi, - fast (a) fast (adv): nhanh - hard (a) hard (adv): tích cực, vất vả, chăm hardly (adv): khơng * Vị trí số từ loại: a Danh từ (Noun) Form Sau tính từ (adj + N) Sau Example They are interesting books - mạo từ: a /an / the He is a student - từ định: this, that, these, those, These flowers are beautiful every, each, … She needs some water - từ số lượng: many, some, few, little, several - tính từ sở hữu: my, his, her, your, our, their, its… Sau ngoại động từ (V cần O) She buys books Sau giới từ (prep + N) She meets a lot of people He talked about the story yesterday Trước V chia (N làm chủ từ) Sau enough (enough + N) He is interested in music The man has just arrived I don’t have enough money to buy that house b Tính từ (Adj) Trước N (Adj + N) This is an interesting books Sau TO BE I am tired Sau: become, get, look, feel, taste, It becomes hot smell, seem … Sau trạng từ mức độ (adv + adj) She feels sad It is extremely cold I’m terribly sorry She is very beautiful Sau keep / make The news made me happy Sau too ( be + too + adj) That house is too small Trước enough (be + adj + enough) The house isn’t large enough Trong cấu trúc: be + so + adj + that She was so angry that she can’t speak A, an, the, this, that, his, her, their, My new car is blue my, … + (Adj) + Noun Trong câu cảm thán: - How + adj + S + V How beautiful the girl is! - Wh + (a / an) + adj + N What an interesting film! c Trạng từ (Adv) Sau V thường Trước Adj Giữa cụm V Đầu câu trước dấu phẩy Sau too V + too + adv Trong cấu trúc V + so + adv He drove carefully I meet an extremely handsome man She has already finished the job Unfortunately, I couldn’t come the party They walked too slowly to catch the bus Jack drove so fast that he caused an accident + that Trước enough V + adv + You should write clearly enough for every enough body to read • Các bước vận dụng để làm tập : Bươc 1: Đọc qua câu hỏi quan sát thật kỹ vị trí từ cần điền Bước 2: Xác dịnh từ loại đáp án : (v), (adj), (n), (adv) Ví dụ 1: It is believed that travelling is a good way to expand our _ of the world A knowledgeably B knowledgeable C knowledge Giải thích : Sau tính từ sở hữu “our” cần điền danh từ D know A knowledgeably (adv): cách có hiểu biết, có kiến thức B knowledgeable (adj): có kiến thức, biết nhiều C knowledge (n): kiến thức, hiểu biết D know (v): biết => Đáp án : C Tạm dịch : Người ta tin du lịch cách tốt để mở rộng kiến thức giới Ví dụ In general, the company receives hundreds of _ for a post they offer A applies B applications C applicants D applicability Giải thích : Sau lượng từ “hundreds of” (hàng trăm…) cần điền danh từ đếm được, số nhiều A applies (dạng số nhiều động từ “apply”): nộp, ứng tuyển => loại B applications (n-plural): ứng dụng, đơn xin việc C applicants (n-plural): ứng viên, người nộp đơn D applicability (n-singular): khả ứng dụng => loại (số ít) => Đáp án : B Tạm dịch: Nhìn chung, cơng ty nhận hàng trăm đơn ứng tuyển cho vị trí việc làm mà họ đưa Ví dụ 3: At the end of the story, the old couple lived together A happy B happiness C happily D unhappiness Giải thích : vị trí cần điền trạng từ để bổ nghĩa cho động từ “live” A happy : ( adj ) : hạnh phúc , vui lòng B happiness (n) niềm hạnh phúc C happily ( adv) cách hạnh phúc , cách may mắn D unhappiness ( n) bất hạnh => Đáp án : C Tạm dịch : Cuối câu truyện, đôi vợ chồng già sống hạnh phúc bên 4.4 Bài tập thực hành Choose the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions John drives very ; he has never had any accidents A careful B carefully C carelessly That book is , so I don't want to read it D careless A bored B bore C boringly There are small between British and American English D boring A differences B different C difference Some species of rare animals are in _ of extinction D differently A danger B dangerous C dangerously His pronunciation causes me a lot of _ D endanger A difficulties B difficult C difficulty You will have to work hard if you want to D difficultly A success B succeed AIDS is a(n) _ disease D successfully C successful A endanger B danger C endangered The animals gathered closely together for D dangerous A warmed B warmth C warmly English is a easy language to learn D warm A comparative B comparable C compared 10 I find it quite to talk in front of a group of people D comparatively A embarrassed B embarrassingly C embarrassment 11 Mrs Kent is _with washing the dishes every day D embarrassing A bore B bored C boring 12 Miss White sang very at my birthday party last night D boringly A beautifully B beautify 13 Hoi An is a famous tourist _ C beautiful D beauty A attractive B attract 14 You can buy dairy _ in this shop C attracted D attraction A production B productivity C products 15 My _ pastime is going dancing with my friends D producers A favourable B favourite C favour D favoured 16 John has to live on his benefits because he doesn’t have a job A unemployed B employment 17 Physical are good for our health C unemployment D employer A acts B activities C actions 18 I was to find that they had already left D activists A disappointing B disappoint 19 John is in fashion magazines D disappointed C disappointment A interests B interest C interested 20 He hoped his would give him a pay rise D interesting A employ B employed C employee 21 Sarah danced very in her performance last week D employer A beautifying B beautifully 22 Could you fill out this form? D beautiful C beauty A applying B applicable C application 23 Thomas Edison was a famous American D applicant A inventor B invent C invention D inventive 24 Despite its successful reforms, this country is still a developing one A economic B economical C economizing 25 Each of us must take for our own actions D economics A responsible responsibly C irresponsible 26 Boys often enjoy doing things in a _ way D responsibility A create B creative C creativity 27 The problem of _ among young people is hard to solve D creatively A employment B employees C employers D unemployment 28 Some people are concerned with physical when choosing a wife or husband A attractive B attraction 29 He can’t hear because of his _ C attractiveness D attractively A deaf B deafness C deafen D deafened 30 The issue of climate change has received a lot of _ recently A attentive B attention C attend D attentively 31 For this job you will need a good of both Italian and Spanish A knowing B knowledgeable C know D knowledge 32 Candidates have to attach their birth _ to their applications for this position 7 A degrees B diplomas C.qualifications D certificates 33.The firefighters’ single-minded devotion to the rescue of the victims of the fire was A respecting B respective C respectful 34 It is not always easy to make a good at the last minute D respectable A decide B decision C decisive D decisively 35 Travelling to _countries in the world enables me to learn many interesting things A differ B difference C differently D different 36 In Vietnam, children begin their primary at the age of six A educational C educate B educationally D education 37 The success of the company in such a _market is remarkable A compete B competitively C competitive D competition 38 Candidates are advised to dress formally to make a good on job interviewers A impress B impressively C impression D impressive 39 It is believed that travelling is a good way to expand our of the world A knowledgeable B knowledgeably C knowledge D know 40 Susan has achieved great in her career thanks to her hard work A success B succeed C successful D successfully 41 Participating in teamwork activities helps students develop their _ skills A social B society C socially D socialise C invention D inventor 42 His of the generator is very famous A invent B inventive 43 We haven’t reached the final on the funding for scientific research yet A decide B decision C decisively D decisive 44 Before the 22nd SEA Games, Vietnam had made a good in every aspect A prepare B preparation C preparative D preparer 45 The International Committee of the Red Cross is a private _ institution founded in 1863 in Geneva, Switzerland A human B humanity C humanization D humanitarian 46 All payments to the ICRC are and are received as donations 8 A volunteer B voluntary C voluntarily D voluntariness 47 Housework is shared between them A equally B equal C equality D equalizing 48 Can you tell me about the process to tertiary study in Vietnam? A apply B applicable C application D applicant 49 WHO’s main activities are carrying out research on medical and improving international health care A develop B developing C development D develops 50 Swimming produces both and physical benefits A psychology B psychological C psychologist D.psychologicall y 51 My friend is a good story writer; he has a rich A imaginatively B imagination C imagine D imaginative 52 The of electronic books has changed the way many people read A invent B invention C inventively D inventive 53 When James was in Vietnam, he tried a of Vietnamese dishes A variety B variously C various D vary 54 According to present law, the authorities can give poachers a severe A punishing B punish C punishable D punishment 55 The new song has _ been selected for Euro 2016 A officially B official C office D officer 56 Many species of plants and animals are in _ of extinction A dangerous B endangered C danger D dangerously 57 The wedding day was chosen by the parents of the groom A careless B careful C carefully D carelessly 58 To Americans, it is impolite to ask someone about age, and salary A marry B married C marrying D marriage 59 Despite the plan’s emphasis on agricultural _, the industrial sector received a larger share of state investment A developing B developer C development D developed 60 have announced that a major breakthrough in medicine has been made A Research B Researchers C Researches D Researching 61 This restaurant is with those who like Vietnamese food A popular B popularly C popularize D popularity 62 The jobs give you lots of chances to travel abroad; it’s certainly a very _ offer A attractive B attract C attractively D attraction 63 It's necessary to listen to opinions that are _ from ours A difference B differently C differ D different 64 One _ method for keeping our mind active is doing crossword puzzles A popularity B popular C popularize D popularly 65 Sometimes it can be really _ to go hiking alone in the forest A endanger B danger C dangerous D dangerously 66 In the past people believed that women’s _ roles were as mothers and wives A nature B natural C naturism D naturalist 67 Although David was _ after a day's work in the office, he tried to help his wife the household chores A exhaustion B exhausted C exhaust D exhaustively 68 A _ party was prepared to welcome the honored guests A special B specialize C specially D specialization 69 How many means of _ you use on a regular basis? A communication B communicating C communicate D communicative 70 Janice made some useful _ for the class extra-curricular activities A suggest B suggested C suggestions D suggesting 71 Jack put on his best suit to make a good _ on his future in-laws A impression B impressive C impress D impressively 72 The more _ you look, the better impression you will make on your interviewer A confine B confident C confidently D confidence 73 Josh's ambition is to become a _ businessman like his father A success B succeed C successfully D successful 74 Many twelfth graders find it hard to _ what university to apply to A decide C decisive B decision D decisively 10 75 I think mobile phones are _ for people of all ages A usage B use C usefully D useful 76 Such characters as fairies or witches in Walt Disney animated cartoons are purely _ A imaginary B imagination C imagine D imaginatively 77 The Covid-19 pandemic has taken a heavy toll on the country's aviation _ due to international travel restrictions A industry B industrialize C industrious D industriously 78 According to most professors, mature students are ideal students because they are hardworking and become _ involved in all aspects of the learning process A active B action C act D actively 79 Tom is getting ever keener on doing research on _ A biology B biological C biologist D biologically 80 They are always _ of what their children A support B supporting C supportive D supportively 81 Cultural _ can be found in such simple processes as giving or receiving a gift A differences B different C differently D differ 82 Travelling to _ countries in the world enables me to learn many interesting things A differ B difference C differently D different 83 The job market is constantly changing due to innovative technology and new A competition B competitively C competitive D compete 84 In Vietnam, children begin their primary _ at the age of six A educational B educationally C educate D education 85 Many librarians and teachers are now accepting graphic novels as proper literature for children as they _ young people and motivate them to read A attract B attractively C attraction D attractive 86 The success of the company in such a _ market is remarkable A compete B competitively C competitive D competition 11 87 People tend to be unaware of the messages they are sending to others So, it is _ to consider your own body language before dealing with people from other cultures A usefully B use C usefulness D useful 88 Project-based learning provides wonderful opportunities for students to develop their A creative B creativity C create D creatively 89 Candidates are advised to dress formally to make a good _ on job interviewers A impress B impressively C impression D impressiv 90 It is believed that travelling is a good way to expand our _ of the world A knowledgeable B knowledgeably C knowledge D know 91 Susan has achieved great _ in her career thanks to her hard work A success B succeed C successful D successfully 92 Participating in teamwork activities helps students develop their _ skills A social B society C socially D socialize 93 You should turn off the lights before going out to save _ A electricity B electrify C electric D electrical 94 The study also found that social networks allow us to have discussions with a much more diverse set of people than in the real world, so we share knowledge with people from a wide _ of backgrounds A vary B variety C various D variously 95 Laura came to _ me for taking care of her dog when she was away A thank B thankfully C thankfulness D thankful 96 The candidates took a _ breath before he walked into the interview room A deeply B deep C deepen D depth 97 With his good sense of humour, Martin is quite _ with the students A popularly B popular C popularise D popularity 98 One _ method for keeping our mind active is doing cross popularity B popularize C popularly D popular 99 The job gives you lots of chances to travel abroad; it's certainly a very _ offer 12 A attract B attractively C attractive D attraction 100 It can be seen that Urbanization has resulted in problems besides the benefits A vary B various C variety D variously 101 IPhone 12 is the latest in the field of smartphone design of Apple A creatively B create C creative D creation 102 Some candidates failed the oral examination because they didn't have enough _ A confide B confident C confidently D confidence 103 The map of the top ten most densely countries in the world includes Monaco, Singapore, Bahrain, Malta, and Bangladesh A populated B populate C population D popularly 104 The car they bought does not use much petrol It is A economical B economy C economize D economically 105 You should make an with your doctor whenever you have a health concern A appoint B.appointing C appointment D appointed 106 Workplace health and safety is the legal for all employers A responsible B responsibility C responsibly D.irresponsibility 107 The anthem of Vietnam is often sung at school on Monday morning A nation B national C international D native ... (adv): nhanh - hard (a) hard (adv): tích cực, vất vả, chăm hardly (adv): khơng * Vị trí số từ loại: a Danh từ (Noun) Form Sau tính từ (adj + N) Sau Example They are interesting books - mạo từ: a... applicability Giải thích : Sau lượng từ “hundreds of” (hàng trăm…) cần điền danh từ đếm được, số nhiều A applies (dạng số nhiều động từ “apply”): nộp, ứng tuyển => loại B applications (n-plural):... He is a student - từ định: this, that, these, those, These flowers are beautiful every, each, … She needs some water - từ số lượng: many, some, few, little, several - tính từ sở hữu: my, his,