Giáo trình học phần anh văn chuyên ngành kỹ thuật may (trung cấp)

ỦY BAN NHÂN DÂN TP.HỒ CHÍ MINH TRƯỜNG CAO ĐẲNG KỸ THUẬT LÝ TỰ TRỌNG TP.HCM KHOA KHOA HỌC CƠ BẢN GIÁO TRÌNH HỌC PHẦN ANH VĂN CHUN NGÀNH KỸ THUẬT MAY BẬC ĐÀO TẠO: HỆ TRUNG CẤP CHUYÊN NGHIỆP LƯU HÀNH NỘI BỘ Task 1: According to archaeologists and anthropologists, the earliest clothing likely consisted of fur, leather, leaves or grass which were draped, wrapped or tied around the body Knowledge of such clothing remains inferential, since clothing materials deteriorate quickly compared to stone, bone, shell and metal artifacts Archeologists have identified very early sewing needles of bone and ivory from about 30,000 BC, found near Kostenki, Russia in 1988 Dyed fibers that could have been used in clothing have been found in a prehistoric cave in the Republic of Georgia that date back to 36,000 BC Scientists are still debating when people started wearing clothes Ralf Kittler, Manfred Kayser and Mark Stoneking, anthropologists at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, have conducted a genetic analysis of human body lice that suggests clothing originated quite recently, around 107,000 years ago Body lice is an indicator of clothes-wearing, since most humans have sparse body hair, and lice thus require human clothing to survive Their research suggests the invention of clothing may have coincided with the northward migration of modern Homo sapiens away from the warm climate of Africa, thought to have begun between 50,000 and 100,000 years ago However, a second group of researchers using similar genetic methods estimate that clothing originated around 540,000 years ago Task 2: Read the following statements and decide whether they are true (T) or false (F): Long time ago, the clothing was made of well-designed material Stone, bone, shell and metal artefacts were put into making clothes Bone and ivory were found near Kostenki, Russia from about 10,000 BC People also found dyed fibers in Russia about 36,000 BC Invention of clothing may have coincided with the migration Scientists are still doubtful about the time people started to wear clothing Task 3: Read the following passage and answer the questions The textile trade in the ancient world The exchange of luxury textiles was predominant on the Silk Road, a series of ancient trade and cultural transmission routes that were central to cultural interaction through regions of the Asian continent connecting East and West by linking traders, merchants, pilgrims, monks, soldiers, nomads and urban dwellers from China to the Mediterranean Sea during various periods of time The trade route was initiated around 114 BC by the Han Dynasty, although earlier trade across the continents had already existed Geographically, the Silk Road or Silk Route is an interconnected series of ancient trade routes between Chang'an in China, with Asia Minor and the Mediterranean extending over 8,000 km (5,000 miles) on land and sea Trade on the Silk Road was a significant factor in the development of the great civilizations of China, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia, the Indian subcontinent, and Rome, and helped to lay the foundations for the modern world During the industrial revolution, production was mechanised with machines powered by waterwheels and steam-engines Sewing machines emerged in the nineteenth century Synthetic fibers such as nylon were invented during the twentieth century Clothing and textile manufacture expanded as an industry so that such unions as the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America and the Textile Workers Union of America formed early in the twentieth century Later in the twentieth century, the industry had expanded to such a degree that such educational institutions as UC Davis established a Division of Textiles and Clothing, The University of Nebraska-Lincoln also created a Department of Textiles, Clothing and Design that offers a Masters of Arts in Textile History, and Iowa State University established a Department of Textiles and Clothing that features a History of costume collection, 1865-1948 Even high school libraries have collections on the history of clothing and textiles Alongside these developments were changes in the types and style of clothing worn by humans During the 1960s, had a major influence on subsequent developments in the industry Textiles were not only made in factories Before this that they were made in local and national markets Dramatic change in transportation throughout the nation is one source that encouraged the use of factories New advances such as steamboats, canals, and railroads lowered shipping costs which caused people to buy cheap goods that were produced in other places instead of more expensive goods that were produced locally Between 1810 and 1840 the development of a national market prompted manufacturing which tripled the output’s worth This increase in production created a change in industrial methods, such as the use of factories instead of hand made woven materials that families usually made The vast majority of the people that worked in the factories were women Women went to go work in textile factories because of some of the following reasons Crowding at home was indeed a cause for them to leave and be on their own The need to save for future marriage portions also motivated these women to decide to work in the millhouses The work enabled them to see more of the world, to earn something in anticipation of marriage, and to ease the crowding within the home They also did it to make money for family back home The money they sent home was to help out with the trouble some of the farmers were having They also worked in the millhouses because they could gain a sense of independence and growth as a personal goal Questions: What was predominant on the Silk Road? What was the silk road? Who joined in the silk road? Where was the silk road first located? What bought the development to the civilizations of China, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia, the Indian subcontinent, and Rome? What brought the industrial revolution? When did the textile revolution take place? Where were the textile first made? Why did people start not buy local expensive goods? 10 Why did women go out for work? Task 4: Put the verbs into the correct form (simple past) Last year I (spend) _ my holiday in Ireland It (be) great I (travel) _ around by car with two friends and we (visit) lots of interesting places In the evenings we usually (go) to a pub One night we even (learn) some Irish dances We (be) _ very lucky with the weather It (not / rain) _ a lot But we (see) _ some beautiful rainbows Where (spend / you) your last holiday? Task 6: Make questions for the underlined words They wanted to see Fiona I got up at o'clock She paid $10 He didn't like the movie We had dinner The meeting finished late I ate an apple pie I played tennis last week They wrote to Ellen 10 I didn't eat the chicken Task 5: Combine the words into sentences Fashion design/ become/ job/ in the 19th century People’s tastes/ make/ fashion/ develop He/ met / her/ university A shirt/ usually/ upper-body/ clothing/ They /usually/ have/ sleeves/ collar/ a front opening Ladies business suits/ be/ complete/ must/ for today's professional women People from all over the world try to look nice in their clothes Clothes/ can/ tell/people’s occupation/ education/ cultural level Task 1: Taking Measurements There is a proper way to take measurements to give the best fit when making a garment You should keep an accurate record of all your measurements, and check them each time you start to prepare a new pattern Be aware of manufacturer's sizes Keep in mind that different manufacturers sizes are different One retailers size 14 is anothers 16, and yet anothers 12 Knowing your size doesn't mean knowing your measurements Keep track of your own measurements This is the whole idea of customization used in our patterns It is also important that you take your measurements accurately to be sure the garment will fit you Taking an accurate set of measurements is not difficult, but takes care We suggest that you ask your relative or friend to help you Measurements should be taken over your usual undergarments Do not pull the measuring tape snug too tight Let yourself breathe! We strongly recommend you use the metric system Metric measurements are more accurate and easier to use than imperial Regular measuring tape has both inches and centimeters on it Please round your metric measurements to whole numbers (e.g 102 cm) Don't round measurements in inches though, or you'll end up 1.27 cm over or short your actual measurement Basic measurements Height: Stand straight (not too straight, just as usual) with your back, your head and your heels against the wall Ask a Measurer to mark a spot at the wall using a ruler that goes on top of your head perpendicular to the wall Measure the vertical distance from the floor to the mark Bust: Take this measurement over the fullest part of the bust and across the widest part of the back The measuring tape should go horizontally all around your body Waist: To locate your waistline, tie a narrow string around the waist and let it settle into the natural waistline as you bend to the left and to the right Take the measurement along the stringline Hips: Take the measurement around the fullest part, which is usually 18cm (7") to 23cm (9") below the waist Taking The Key Body Measurements 1) Apex of bust - From the base of the neck to the highest point on the bust 2) Chest front - From armhole to armhole 3) Bust - From bust line around the fullest part of the back, (all the way around) 4) Neck to waist 5) Waist 6) Waist to hem 7) Side waist to hem 8) Shoulder to waist 9) Skirt yoke 10) Hips - Measure the fullest part of the hips 11) Inside the arm 12) Shoulder 13) Shoulder to waist 14) Neck (nape) to waist (back) 15) Elbow to wrist 16) Back, armhole to armhole 17) Shoulder to elbow 18) Waist (back) 19) Upper arm 20) Skirt yoke (back) 21) Hip (back) 22) Wrist 23) Elbow 24) Waist to hem Language Study Task 2: Fill in the blanks with the provided words in the box to find out the use of the following tools A basic sewing kit Pincushion Thimble Scissors Tracing paper Seam ripper Iron Tailor’s chalk 10 Ironing board Thread 11 Pins Tape measure 12 Needle is a transparent paper used for copying or drawing _ is an implement with a flat base heated for smoothing cloth or clothes Pamela is crying? Why National economics at Paul is University studying Kharkov everyone is Why laughing? for Are you me? waiting leaving? are you When in is working at moment Saudi the John Arabia company as for Is working Jennifer same you? the 10 next party to Saturday come? want you I'm - a having Task 6: Put the verb in brackets in the correct form, either the Present Simple Tense or the Present Continuous Tense I (read) _a very interesting book today Joanne (work) eight hours a day Tonight we (see) _ a play at the theatre Who you (talk) to ? I (know) _ him very well What will you if she (be) _ late? My wife (drink) coffee for breakfast What you (eat/ usually) for breakfast? Your train (leave) at 17.25 from platform 10 What she (do) ? She's a student 18 When to Use a Curriculum Vitae When should job seekers use a curriculum vitae, commonly referred to as CV, rather than a resume? In the United States, a curriculum vitae is used primarily when applying for academic, education, scientific or research positions It is also applicable when applying for fellowships or grants The Differences between a Resume and a CV 19 There are several differences between a curriculum vitae and a resume A curriculum vitae is a longer (up to two or more pages), more detailed synopsis of your background and skills A CV includes a summary of your educational and academic backgrounds as well as teaching and research experience, publications, presentations, awards, honors, affiliations and other details Like a resume, a curriculum vitae should include your name, contact information, education, skills and experience In addition to the basics, a CV includes research and teaching experience, publications, grants and fellowships, professional associations and licenses, awards and other information relevant to the position you are applying for Most common errors on presentation letters/emails  Applying to the wrong job: this really confuses me if I post an add for a software developer why I get a CV from a lawyer? Don't just send resumes to everyone, choose well!  Not being exclusive: I really don't like to receive an email with a CV and then noticed that the email was sent to 10/20/50 different companies You can even be well intentioned but the feeling I immediately have is you just didn't care, and collected a few email addresses and they send the same thing to all For you, working at my company or any other is the same, and that doesn't scores points!  Templates: It's normal to get a presentation letter template, but pay really attention to changing a few details, like the name of the company some people, when applying to several jobs, forget to change the name of the companies between mails and then company "A" receives a letter saying "I'm very interested in working on company B" Don't let this happen, remember details are very important! Most common errors on CV's  Too much information: don't get in the temptation to write everything about your life, remember, it's a resume Just write the important information; 20  Dispersing: if you're applying to a computer technician job and you worked in other computer companies, then Macdonald's, kfc, or other things, just present the computer companies jobs Keep just the relevant information for the specific job you're applying to, but if you only got experience in companies that don't relate to the jobs in question, then you can present them CURRICULUM VITAE Your Contact Information Name Address Telephone Cell Phone Email Personal Information Date of Birth Place of Birth Citizenship Visa Status Gender Optional Personal Information Marital Status Spouse's Name Children Employment History List in chronological order, include position details and dates Work History Academic Positions Research and Training 21 Education Include dates, majors, and details of degrees, training and certification High School University Graduate School Post-Doctoral Training Professional Qualifications Certifications and Accreditations Computer Skills Awards Publications Books Professional Memberships Interests Write a Curriculum Vitae to apply for a job Job vacancy - an example In this example, you have seen the following job advertised and you want to apply: Westfords Ltd Require IT Support Officers 40 hours per week – 8.45 am – 5.15 pm Photo ID personalisation and smart card encoding company are seeking IT support officers 22 Responsibilities include upkeep of computers and in-house software and quality assurance of products Must have experience with computers Knowledge of printers preferred but not essential as full training given Apply in writing with a covering letter and CV to: Mr Knight Westfords Ltd 500 Sample Street Sample Town LZX 1XX Identifying important information in the advert The following is the important information contained in the advert The company Westfords Ltd You could look at their website to learn more about the company, if they don't have a website you might be able to find information at your local library This research might help you to write your application Job title and duties  IT Support Officer  upkeep of computers and in-house software  checking consumables and in-house software  quality assurance of finished products Qualifications and skills needed  must have experience with computers  printer experience preferred but not essential as full training will be given Pay  no rate given - ring to check 23 Hours  40 hours per week: Monday to Friday 8.45 am – 5.15 pm How to apply  in writing - with a covering letter and a CV Writing a covering letter What to include Underline the skills in the advert Write a rough copy of your letter and include the skills underlined Be positive and emphasise why you are perfect for the job You should include any relevant skills you have Suggested layout First, give a summary of your skills and experience Keep it brief and to the point Then, say when you will be free for an interview Remember to include your name, address, phone number (if you have one), the date and enclose a copy of your CV What to say Be clear Don’t use a long word if a short one will If you have been unemployed for a while, say how you spend your spare time (for example, by doing voluntary work, study and so on) Be honest, don’t say you enjoy bungee jumping if you get dizzy standing on a kitchen stool, you will get caught out at an interview Keep to the facts and try not to oversell yourself How to say it Include the job reference number if there is one in the job details Enter it below the opening line For example: Dear Mrs…… Re: Job reference 345 24 Try to find out the name of the person you need to write to If you start with ‘Dear Sir/Madam’, end with ‘Yours faithfully’ If you start with the person’s name (for example, ‘Dear Mrs Smith’, end with ‘Yours sincerely’ Finally, double-check your spelling and grammar before sending the letter How the letter looks Be neat, whether your letter is handwritten or typed Leave plenty of space around the edges and a clear space between each paragraph Use good quality plain paper and envelopes Check against your rough copy to make sure you have not missed anything If your application is in audio format check that the content is clear, to the point and easy to understand Sign the letter and print your name underneath to make sure it can be read easily Ask a friend or relative to check over your letter before you send it Finally, make sure your application arrives on time If you are posting it, allow for delays If your application is late, the company might not even consider it and your time will have been wasted XYZ Company 87 Delaware Road Hatfield, CA 08065 (909) 555-5555 george.gillhooley@email.com Dear Mr Gilhooley, I am writing to apply for the programmer position advertised in the Times Union As requested, I am enclosing a completed job application, my certification, my resume and three references 25 The opportunity presented in this listing is very interesting, and I believe that my strong technical experience and education will make me a very competitive candidate for this position The key strengths that I possess for success in this position include:  I have successfully designed, developed, and supported live use applications  I strive for continued excellence  I provide exceptional contributions to customer service for all customers With a BS degree in Computer Programming, I have a full understanding of the full life cycle of a software development project I also have experience in learning and excelling at new technologies as needed Please see my resume for additional information on my experience I can be reached anytime via email at george.gillhooley@email.com or my cell phone, 909-555-5555 Thank you for your time and consideration I look forward to speaking with you about this employment opportunity Sincerely, FirstName LastName 99 Marvin Rd City, State 00000 (999) 999-9999 info@kmd-solutions.com January 20, 2008 Mrs Mary Farr Human Resources Manager ABC Company 1111 Bessemer Avenue City, State 00000 26 Dear Mary I am writing to apply for the position of manufacturing engineer that was advertised in today's XYZ Times As you will note from my enclosed resume, I have experience with a wide range of programming languages through academic projects and part-time employment "In this section of your job application letter highlight information relevant to the description of the advertisement of the position that you are applying for So, show the skills and expertise that you have that match the description of the job you are applying for " I have demonstrated excellent people skills in addition to strong writing and analytical skills I believe my education, skills and experiences fit your requirements, and I am confident my skills would be an asset to your company (or client if you are applying to a recruiter) I am available to meet with you at a time that's convenient to you Please contact me to set up a time I look forward to hear from you soon Sincerely, (your signature (not needed when sending via email or for online job applications) Your name Your contact phone number Fill in the blanks with suitable words Dear Sir/Madam, I 1) writing this letter to apply for 2) position of student assistant that I saw advertised on your website I 3) interested 4) working 5) 6) teachers' resource library, or 7) 8) accommodation department.I have recently graduated from 9) WSB Business School 10) Warsaw and received high grades 11) both my English and Business Courses In addition, we had to use all of 12) Microsoft Office programs 13) 14) preparation of our finished assignments, so I 15) able to most things with computers Since I was 15 27 years old I have helped my father to run his small import-export business I have been involved 16) helping 17) variety of clients and also 18) general administration of 19) business In 20) past years I have worked 21) 22) WSB library, helping teachers and students to find and use 23) resources there This experience has given me 24) ability to deal with 25) needs of all types of people I have an outgoing, diligent personality and find that I enjoy 26) challenges of working 27) busy environments In addition, my studies and experience have taught me to be accurate and efficient 28) organising my work so I would be 29) valuable addition to your school I look forward to hearing from you Yours faithfully, Pawel Minescz Look at the following adverts and write a letter of application for the job Job ID: 46561056 Tailor made Consultant Salary: unspecified Location: Surrey Date posted: 02/02/2010 14:51 Reference: Totaljobs/5412 Are you an experienced Tailor Made Travel Consultant? An excellent opportunity has opened in South London/Surrey for a Tailor Made Travel Consultant This independent agency books a wide variety of flights, hotels and car hire They deal with the largest tour operators and have direct link to airlines JOB DESCRIPTION: Tailor Made Sales Consultant required for Independent Agency The role of Tailor made travel consultant will be to tailor make flights, holidays, tours You will be using the telephone and booking systems to make the reservations 28 EXPERIENCE: To be considered for this role you will need to have years experience of selling flights, hotels and car hire You will have previous experience of using a CRS preferably Galileo or Worldspan PACKAGE: The successful candidate will receive a competitive salary INTERESTED: Job Interview Tips An interview gives you the opportunity to showcase your qualifications to an employer, so it pays to be well prepared The following information provides some helpful hints Preparation  Learn about the organization  Have a specific job or jobs in mind  Review your qualifications for the job  Be ready to briefly describe your experience, showing how it relates it the job  Be ready to answer broad questions, such as "Why should I hire you?" "Why you want this job?" "What are your strengths and weaknesses?"  Practice an interview with a friend or relative Personal appearance  Be well groomed  Dress appropriately  Do not chew gum or smoke The interview 29  Be early  Learn the name of your interviewer and greet him or her with a firm handshake  Use good manners with everyone you meet  Relax and answer each question concisely  Use proper English—avoid slang  Be cooperative and enthusiastic  Use body language to show interest—use eye contact and don’t slouch  Ask questions about the position and the organization, but avoid questions whose answers can easily be found on the company Web site  Also avoid asking questions about salary and benefits unless a job offer is made  Thank the interviewer when you leave and shake hands  Send a short thank you note following the interview Information to bring to an interview  Social Security card  Government-issued identification (driver’s license)  Resume or application Although not all employers require a resume, you should be able to furnish the interviewer information about your education, training, and previous employment  References Employers typically require three references Get permission before using anyone as a reference Make sure that they will give you a good reference Try to avoid using relatives as references  Transcripts Employers may require an official copy of transcripts to verify grades, coursework, dates of attendance, and highest grade completed or degree awarded 30 Tiếng Anh Trong Lĩ nh Vực May Mặc Ths Nguyễn Thành Yến (2005) Nhà Xuất Bản Tổng hợp TP.HCM Giáo Trình Công nghệ May TS Trần Thúy Bì nh (2005) Nhà Xuất Bản Giáo Dục Vật liệu may TS Trần Thúy Bì nh & Ths Lê Thị Mai Hoa (2005) Nhà Xuất Bản Giáo Dục Practical English Grammar Micheal Swan (1996) Oxford University Press Thủ Thuật Viết Thư Xin Việc Đạt Hiệu Quả Biên dị ch Nguyễn Thành Yến (2005) ) Nhà Xuất Bản Tổng hợp TP.HCM Giáo Trình Công nghệ May TS Trần Thúy Bì nh (2005) Nhà Xuất Bản Giáo Dục www.savvyseams.com/ /jeanskirt.php cyberseams.com/ /basics/how_to_sew_by_hand_basic_stitches.html 31 32 ... 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