Nghiên cứu tình hình măc bệnh ngoài da do demodex canis gây ra ở chó nuôi tại thành phố thái nguyên

KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y TAP XXV SO - 2018 NGHIEN CUU TINH HINH WlAc B EN H NGOAI DA DO DEMODEX CANIS G A Y Rfl A CHd N U O IT A I THANH PHtf THAI N G U Y E N Phan Th\ Hong Phuc, Nguyen Van Luong Truong Dai hoc Nong Lam Thai Nguyen TOM TAT Nghien cuu tinh hinh mac benh ngoai da Demodex canis gay da duoc thuc hien tai Benh xa Thu y, tnrdng Dai hoc Nong lam Thai Nguyen Ket qua nghien cuu cho thay co 42,80% cho bi nhiem Demodex canis tong so cho mac benh ngoai da CJ cac lua tuoi, cho deu bi nhiem Demodex canis va ty le nhiem giam dan theo tuoi Ty le nhiem b cho dubi nam tuoi la cao nhat (52,80%), ty le nhilm thap nhat (9,60%) b ch6 tren nam tuoi Ty le cho long ngan nhiem Demodex canis la 56,00%, cao hon so voi cho long dai 44,00% Ty le nhiem Demodex canis b cho cai (41,60%), thap hon so vbi cho due (58,40%) Thudc Bravecto cho uong mot vien nhat, dang vien nen vdi ham luong fluralaner khac theo nhom cho vdi khoi luong co th6 nhu sau: - 4,5 kg; 4,5 - 10 kg; 10 - 20 kg; 20 - 40 kg; 40 - 56 kg, da cho hieu qua dieu tri Demodex canis la 98,41%, cao hon so voi thuoc Dectomax, tiem bap vdi lieu 0,05ml/1 kg the trong, chi dat hieu qua dieu tri Demodex canis la 90,16% Tic khoa: cho, Demodex canis, dieu tri, Thai Nguyen Study on the situation of dermatological disease caused by Dem odex canis in domestic dogs in Thai Nguyen city Phan Thi Hong Phuc, Nguyen Van Luong SUMMARY Study on the situation of skin disease caused by Demodex canis in the domestic dogs was conducted at Veterinary clinic, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry The studied results showed that the prevalence of dogs infected with Demodex canis from the total number of dermatological diseases was 42.80% The dogs at all age groups were infected with Demodex canis, this prevalence was decreased gradually by the dog age groups The affecting rate of dogs under year old was the highest (52.80%) and the lowest rate (9.60%) was at the dog age group over years old The affecting rate of the short hair dogs was 56.00%, higher than that of the long hair dogs (44.00%) The affecting rate of the female dogs was 41.60%, lower than that of the male dogs (58.40%) Treatment of the disease dogs by oral route with only one bravecto tablet containing different fluralaner contents, according to dog weigh groups such as: - 4.5kg; 4.5 - 10 kg; 10 - 20kg; 20 - 40kg; 40 - 56kg, have given 98.41% treatment efficacy Meanwhile, treatment by intramuscular injection of dectomax with a dose of 0.05 ml per kg body weight achieved 90.16% therapeutic efficacy only Keywords: dogs, Demodex canis, treatment, Thai Nguyen province I DAT VAN DE nhieu cho mac benh ngoai da, chu yeu Trong thdi gian qua, Benh xa Thu y cong dong, Khoa Chan nuoi Thu y, trudng Dai hoc Nong lam Thai Nguyen da tidp nhan rat nhieu cho den kham va dieu tri benh (trung binh 15 - 20 ca/ngay) Qua tham kham cho thay co rat Demodex canis gay Nhiem Demodex canis la mot can benh ngoai da bien, gay anh hudng lbn tdi sue khoe cua cho, la m ot can benh kho dieu tri dut diem Demodex canis ky sinh bao nang long va tuyen ba nhdn cua 56 KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y TAP XXV SO - 2018 da gay viem ngua va ton thucmg da, lam cho cho rung long, ngua ngay, kho chiu va lam giam sut sue de khang cua vat nuoi, dan den de ke phat cac benh nguy hiem khac Xuat phat tu thuc te tren, chung toi tien hanh nghien cuu tinh hinh mac benh Demodex canis gay b cho den kham va dieu tri tai Benh xa Thu y cong dong, Khoa Chan nuoi Thu y, Truong Dai hoc Nong Lam Thai Nguyen, tu dua cac bien phap dieu tri benh hieu qua II DOI Tl/ONG VA PHlTONG PHAP NGHIEN CIJ'U D ia d ie m v a t h o i g ia n n g h ie n c u u D ia diem nghien cuu: Benh xa Thu y cong dbng, Khoa Chan nudi Thu y, Truong Dai hoc Nong Lam Thai Nguyen, Thanh phb Thai Nguyen Thbi gian nghien cuu: thang 12/2016 12/2017 2.2 D i ttrpng n g h ie n cum Demodex canis tren cho den kham va dieu tri tai Benh xa Thu y cong dong, Khoa Chan nuoi Thu y, trubng Dai hoc Nong lam Thai Nguyen, phb Thai Nguyen 2.3 N $ i d u n g n g h ie n cum - T y le m ic benh ngoai da tren cho den kham va chua benh tai Benh xa - Ty If cho m ic benh Demodex canis theo cac lua tu6i, kibu long va tinh biet - Phucmg phap idem tra vd lay mau tren da: Quan sat cac trieu chung lam sang cua cho nghi nhiem mo bao long Demodex canis theo mb ta cua Nguyen Van Thanh va cs (2012) [3] M au da, long cho nghi mac benh mo bao long Demodex canis thu true tiep tai phong kham Chan doan can benh dua tren hinh thai mb bao long Demodex canis theo mb ta cua Pham Van Khue, Phan Luc (1996) [2] - Phac dieu tri va phucmg phap danh gia ket qua dieu tri benh: Doi vbi thuoc Dectomax: tiem cho cho bi nhiem Demodex canis tir den tuan, moi tuan mpt lan, lieu 0,05m l/l kg the Ket hop tiem amoxicillin va dexamethasone vbi lieu lml/lOkg the trong, tiem tu den Sau - tubn danh gia ket qua dieu trj Doi vbi thuoc Bravecto: Cho cho ubng mot vien nhat, dang vien nen, theo can nang cua cho nhu sau: - 4,5 kg; 4,5 - 10 kg; 10 - 20 kg; 20 - 40 kg; - kg, ket hop tiem amoxicillin va dexamethasone vbi lieu lupng lml/lOkg the trong, tiem tir den Sau den tuan danh gia ket qua dieu tri Phirom g p h a p x u ly so lieu Sb lieu thu thap dupe dupe xu ly theo phuong phap thong ke sinh vat hoc, theo tai lieu cua Nguyen Xuan Trach, Do Due Luc (2016)[4] va phan mbm M icrosoft Excel 2010 III KET QUA NGHIEN CUtJ T y lp m dc b en h n g o a i d a tre n ch o d en - Danh gia hieu luc dibu tri Demodex canis tren cho cua thuoc Dectomax va Bravecto 2.4 Phirom g p h a p n g h ie n cum - Phucmg phap theo doi va thu thap thong tin: theo doi va ghi chep d ly du cac thong tin can nghien cuu vao s6 kham benh bao gdm ma hieu, gidng cho, nguofl g6c, tinh bipt, tu6i, thbi gian tham kham va dia didm nuoi cua cac cho m ic benh ngoai da Toan bo sb lieu dupe cap nhat vao pM n mdm quan ly cua Benh xa k h a m ta i B en h x a T h u y cp n g d o n g Trong thbi gian tu thang 12/2016 dbn thang 12 /2017 chung toi da theo doi cho dbn kham va dieu tri benh tai Benh xa Thu y cong dong, Khoa Chan nuoi Thu y, Trubng Dai hoc Nong Lam Thai Nguyen va da phat hien 292 ca benh ngoai da Ket qua dupe thb hien b bang Qua bang cho thay, thbi gian theo doi tu thang 12/2016 den thang 12/2017 thay 292 cho nuoi co cac bieu hien ngua, rung long, mun 57 KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y TAP XXV SO - 2018 Bang Ty le mac benh ngoai da tren cho den kham tai Benh xa Thu y (n=292) Benh So mac benh Ty le (%) Nam da 105 35,96 Demodex canis 125 42,80 Sarcoptes scabiei 24 8,22 Nam da + Demodex canis 13 4,45 Nam da + Sarcoptes scabiei 0,68 Demodex canis + Sarcoptes scabiei 1,71 Nguyen nhan khac 18 6,16 Hinh Lay m iu xet nghiem Demodex canis mu, da dong vay va viem da, den kham va dieu tri tai Benh xa Thu y Bang kham lam sang va kiem tra qua kinh hien vi, chung toi thay nguyen nhan nam da la 105 ca, chiem 35,96%; Demodex canis co 125 ca, chiem 42,80%, lai la cac nguyen nhan khac Theo nghien cuu cua Chen Y.Z va cs (2012) [6] va nghien cuu cua Dongjie Cai va cs (2014) [7] , ty le nhiem Demodex canis tren cho d cac tinh mien Nam Trung Quoc lan luot la 13,31% va 25,0%, thap hon so vbi ket qua cua chung toi Nguyen nhan benh Demodex canis gay tren dan cho b Thai Nguyen cao nhu vay co the co nhieu cho ngoai mdi nhap gan day chua thich nghi vbi dieu kien hau a Viet Nam, nen anh hudng den sure khoe cung nhu sue de khang, vi the Demodex canis de sinh trucmg va phat trien gay benh Nghien cuu cua Ravera I„ va cs.(2013) [11] cung cho biet, su co mat cua Demodex canis da o tat ca cac cho, khong phan biet tuoi, gidi tinh, giong, hoac long ngan hay dai 58 Hinh Hinh anh Demodex canis tren vi tru’&ng (x10) 3.2 Ty le cho m ac benh Dem odex canis theo lira tuoi Tsai Y J va cs (2011) [12] cho biet benh Demodex canis d cho co sir khac biet theo gidi tinh, giong va nam tuoi Trong qua trinh nghien cuu, chung toi da tien hanh dieu tra ty le cho mac benh Demodex canis theo lua tuoi Ket qua duqc the hien qua bang Qua bang cho thay, ty le nhiem Demodex canis d cho giam dan theo tuoi Trong tong so 125 ca benh thi cho dudi tuoi nhiem Demodex canis cao nhat, vdi 66 ca, chiem ty le 52,80% Tiep theo la giai doan tu den nam tuoi, ty le nhiem la 37,60%, cho tren nam tuOi, ty le nhiem Demodex canis la thap nhat, vdi 12/125 ca benh, chiem ty le 9,60% Ket qua nghien cuu cua chung toi phu hop vdi ket qua nghien curu cua Nayak D.C va cs.( 1997) [10], Ket qua nghien cuu cua tac gia cho thay, ty le cho dudi nam tuoi nhiem Demodex canis la cao nhat, chiem 60,0% Cho d cac tuoi khac thi ty le nhiem benh cung khac va KHOA HOC KY THUAl THU Y TAP XXV S6 - 2018 Bang Ket qua cho mac benh Demodex canis theo cac lira tuoi Tuoi So mac (con) Ty le (%) 2 12 9,60 Tong so 125 100 nhiem benh Demodex canis d cho ty le nhiem cao tap trang d tuoi dudi nam tuoi Nguyen nhan co the day la giai doan nho, cho thudng xuyen tiep xuc vdi cho me, va cac khac dan, hem nua a giai doan cho nuoi de bi anh hirong bdi cac tac nhan gay stress (tiem vac xin, thay rang, ) lam giam sue de khang cua co thd, d in d in kha nang nhiem Demodex canis tang cao N hu vay, yeu to lua tuoi cua cho nuoi co anh hudng tod ty le 3 T y le chd m a c b en h D e m o d e x ca n is th eo k ieu lo n g ( n g ln , d ai) B e danh gia anh hudng cua kieu long (ngan, dai) den ty le nhiem benh Demodex canis, chung toi da tien hanh theo doi anh hudng cua day, dai long den benh Demodex canis Ket qua duqc the hien d bang Bang Ty le cho mac benh Demodex canis theo kieu long (ngln, dai) Long So mac Ty le (%) Ngan 70 56,00 Dai 55 44,00 Tong so 125 100 Ket qua bang cho thay, ty le cho long ngan nhiem Demodex canis la 56,00%, cao hon so vdi giong cho long dai 44,00%, Nguyen nhan co the cho long ngan thudng duqc tha ngoai, tiep xuc vdi nhieu cho khac M at khac, m ua dong cho long ngan chiu lanh kem nen rat de lam cho chung bi stress, vay rat thuan loi cho Demodex canis nhiem va gay benh hon so vdi cho cai, nhien nghien cuu cua N ayak D.C va cs (1997) [10], thi ty le nhiem Demodex canis d chd cai lai cao hon Vi vay, de biet chinh xac ty le nhiem Demodex canis d chd den kham va chua benh tai Benh xa, chung toi tien hanh danh gia anh hudng cua yeu to tinh biet tdi ty le nhiem mo bao long Demodex canis Ket qua duqc the hien d bang Ben canh do, cho long dai luon duqc chu quan tarn va cham soc nuoi dudng tdt hon, dinh ky cat tia long, tam say, m ua nong chung duqc d nha, m ua lanh it anh hudng den chung, vi vay kha nang nhiem Demodex canis thap hon Ket qua bang cho thay, tong sd 125 ca benh Demodicosis thi ty le nhiem Demodex canis d chd cai la 41,60%, d chd due la 58,40% N hu vay ket qua nghien cuu cua chung tdi cho thay ty le chd due nhiem mo bao long Demodex canis cao hon chd cai So sanh vdi cac ket qua nghien cuu khac, chung tdi thay ket qua nghien cuu cua chung tdi phu hop vdi ket qua nghien cuu cua Dong H.J va cs (2009)[8], Tsai Y.J va cs (2011) [12], Ket qua nghien cuu cho T y le chd m a c b e n h d o D e m o d e x c a n is th eo tin h b ie t Theo nghien cuu cua Dong H.J va cs., 2009 [8] ty le nhiem Demodex canis cho due cao 59 KHOA HOC KY THUAT THU Y TAP XXV SO - 2018 Bang Ty ie cho bj nhiem Demodex canis theo tinh biet Tinh biet So mac Ty le (%) Cai 52 41,60 Due 73 58,40 Tong so 125 100 thay, co su anh hudng cua yeu to tinh biet doi vdi ty 16 nhiem Demodex canis, do, ty 16 nhiem d due cao horn so vdi cai Nghien cuu cua Ali M.H va cs (2011)[5] cung cho thay, ty le nhiem Demodex canis d cho due (66,6%) cao hom so vdi d cho cai (33,4%) 3.5 D a n h g ia h ie u lu c d ie u tr i qua B e biet dugc chinh xac hieu luc dieu tri cua thuoc, thdi gian tu thang 12/2016 den thang 12/2017, chung toi da tien hanh dung hai loai thuoc dieu tri cho 125 cho den chua benh tai Benh xa thu y 3.5.1 Hieu luc dieu tri Demodex canis tren cho cua thuoc Dectomax Demodex canis De danh gia hieu qua dieu tri Demodex canis cua thuoc Dectomax, chung toi da tien hanh dieu tri cho 61 cho bi nhiem Demodex canis nhu sau: tren ch o cu a th u o c D e c to m a x v a B r a v e c to Hien tren thi trudng co hai loai thuoc: Dectomax (thanh phan chinh la doramectin), dang dung dich tiem va Bravecto (thanh phan chinh la fluralaner) dimg mot vien nhat, dugc dong goi dudi dang vien nen, chia loai theo can nang cua cho: - 4,5 kg; 4,5 - 10 kg; 10 - 20 kg; 20 - 40 kg; 40 - 56 kg dieu tri benh Demodex canis dugc danh gia la hieu Tiem Dectomax tir den tuan, moi tuan mot lan, lieu 0,05m l/l kg the trgng Ket hgp tiem amoxicillin va dexamethasone vdi lieu lugng lml/lOkg the trgng, tiem tu den Ket qua dugc trinh bay qua bang Bang Ket qua dung Dectomax dieu trj Demodex canis tren cho Ket qua dieu trj So Ty le (%) So khoi 55 90,16 So tai phat 9,84 Tong so 61 100 Qua bang chung toi thay, 61 dieu tri, co 55 khoi, chiem ty le 90,16%, ca tai phat trd lai, chiem 9,84% Thdi gian tai phat benh trung binh tir den thang sau dieu tri Ket qua nghien cuu cua chung toi phu hgp vdi cong bo cua Bui Khanh Linh va cs (2014) [1], theo hieu luc cua Dectomax dieu tri Demodex canis dat ty le 93,94% Cho cho uong mot vien nhat, dang vien nen, theo can nang cua cho nhu sau: - 4,5 kg; 4,5 - 10 kg; 10 - 20 kg; 20 - 40 kg; 40 - 56 kg, theo doi sau den tuan Ket hgp tiem amoxicillin va dexamethasone vdi lieu lugng lml/10kg the trgng, tiem tir den Ket qua dugc trinh bay qua bang 3.5.2 Hieu luc dieu tri Demodex canis tren cho cua thuoc Bravecto Demodex canis cua thuoc Bravecto nhu sau: so 60 Qua bang chung toi thay, hieu luc dieu tri ca khoi hoan toan la 63 ca, chiem ty 16 98,41% KHOA HQC KY THUAT THU Y TAP XXV SO - 2018 Bang Ket qua dung Bracvecto dieu trj Demodex canis tren cho Ket qua dieu trj So Ty le (%) S6 khoi 63 98,41 So tai phat 1,59 Tong so 64 100 va co ca tai phat trd lai sau dieu tri thang, chiem ty le 1,59% Chung toi theo doi qua trinh dieu tri vdi ket qua nhu sau: sau dung thuoc, cho Hinh Cho nhiem Demodex canis trw&c dieu tri N hu vay, hai phac deu cho ket qua tot Dectomax (90,2%), Bravecto (98,44%), dung thuoc Bravecto dieu tri Demodex cams dat hieu qua rat cao, de sir dung va so ca tai phat trd lai rat thap IV KET LUAN - Co 42,80% cho nhiem Demodex canis tong so cho mac benh ngoai da den kham chua benh tai Benh xa Thu y trudng Dai hoc Nong Lam Thai Nguyen nam 2017 - Cho d cac lira tuoi deu nhiem Demodex canis va ty le nhiem giam dan theo tuoi Ty le nhiem dudi tuoi la cad nhat (52,80%), cho tren tuoi ty le nhiem thap nhat (9,60%) - Ty le cho long ngan nhiem Demodex canis khong gai, da day va sung, sau tuan thay long bat dau moc trd lai Ket qua cua chung toi phu hop vdi cong bo cua Josephus J Fourie va cs (2015)[9] hieu luc cua Bravecto dieu tri Demodex canis dat ty le 99,8% Hinh Cho nhiem Demodex canis sau dieu trj la 56,00% cao hun so vdi giong cho long dai 44,00% - Ty le nhiem Demodex canis d cho cai la 41,60%, thap hon so vdi cho due la 58,40% - Thuoc Bravecto cho uong mot vien nhat, dang vien nen, theo can nang cua cho nhu sau: - 4,5 kg; 4,5 - 10 kg; 10 - 20kg; 20 - 40kg; 40 - 56kg, co hieu lire dieu tri Demodex canis (98,41%), cao hon so vdi thuoc Dectomax, tiem bap lieu 0,05m l/l kg the trong, dat hieu lire dieu tri Demodex canis (90,16%) TAI LIEU THAM KHAo Bui Khanh Linh, Sir Thanh Long va Nguyen Tuan Anh (2014) “Tinh hinh benh Demodex canis tren cho va xay dung phac 61 KHOA HOC KY THUAT THIJ Y TAP XXV SO - 2018 dieu tri”, Tap chi Khoa hoc Ky thuat Thu y, XXI(4) Tr 75-80 Pham Van Khue, Phan Luc (1996) Ky sinh trung Thu y, NXB Nong nghiep, Ha Noi, tr.191-193 Nguyen V an Thanh, Vu N hu Quan, Nguyen Hoai N am (2012) Benh cua cho, meo, NXB Nong nghiep, H a Noi N guyln Xuan Trach, Do Due Luc (2016), Giao trinh phan tich so lieu thi nghiem va cong bo ket qua nghien cuu chan nuoi N x u it ban Dai hoc Nong nghiep Ali M.H., Begum N., Azam M.G., Roy B.C (2011) Prevalence and pathology of mite infestation in street dogs at Dinajpur municipality area, J Bangladesh Agril Univ, 9(1): 111-119 Chen Yi-Zhou, Lin Rui-Qing, Zhou DongHui, Song Hui-Qun, Chen Fen, Yuan ZiGuo, Zhu Xing-Quan, Weng Ya-Biao and Zhao Guang-Hui (2012) Prevalence o f Demodex infection in pet dogs in Southern China, African Journal o f Microbiology Research, 6(6): 1279-1282 Dongjie Cai, Qingfeng Zhang, Limei Zhang, Zhang Hongchao, Zhixin Fu, Gaoming He, Guodong Liu va Jianzhu Liu (2014) Prevalence o f furmites in canine dermatologic disease in Henan, Hebei, Heilongjiang Provinces and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, Inter J Vet Sci, 3(1): 29-32 62 Dong H.J., Li J.W., Li Y., Zhang J.J., Li X.J., Ning C S (2009) Investigation on epidemiology o f Demodex cards in Zhengzhou City (in China), Anim Husb Feed Sci, 30: 78-79 Josephus J Fourie, Julian E Liebenberg, Ivan G Horak, Janina Taenzler, Anja R Heckeroth, Regis Frenais (2015) Efficacy of orally administered fluralaner (Bravecto) or topically applied imidacloprid/moxidectin (Advocate) against generalized demodicosis in dogs Parasites & Vectors 2015; 8:187 10 Nayak D.C., Tripathy S.B., Dey P.C., Ray S.K., Mohanty D.N., Parida G.S., Biswal S., Das M (1997) Prevalence o f canine demodicosis in Orissa (India), Vet Parasitol, 73: 347-352A 11 Ravera Ivan, A ltet Laura, Francino Olga, Sanchez Armand, Roldan Wendy and Villanueva Sergio (2013) Small Demodex populations colonize m ost parts o f the skin o f healthy dogs, Vet Dermatol, 24(1): 72168 e37 12 Tsai Yu-Jen, Chung Wen-Cheng, Wang Lian-Chen, Ju Yu-Ten, Hong Chin-Lin, Tsai Yu-Yang, Li Yi-Hung and Wu YingLing (2011) The dog mite, Demodex canis: Prevalence, fungal co-infection, reactions to light, and hair follicle apoptosis, Journal o f Insect Science 11:76 available online: insectscience.org/11.76 Ngay nh(in 8-6-2018 Ngay phan bien 14-8-2018 Ngay dang 1-12-2018 ... g ln , d ai) B e danh gia anh hudng cua kieu long (ngan, dai) den ty le nhiem benh Demodex canis, chung toi da tien hanh theo doi anh hudng cua day, dai long den benh Demodex canis Ket qua duqc... cuu cua Ravera I„ va cs.(2013) [11] cung cho biet, su co mat cua Demodex canis da o tat ca cac cho, khong phan biet tuoi, gidi tinh, giong, hoac long ngan hay dai 58 Hinh Hinh anh Demodex canis. .. benh ngoai da tren cho den kham tai Benh xa Thu y (n=292) Benh So mac benh Ty le (%) Nam da 105 35,96 Demodex canis 125 42,80 Sarcoptes scabiei 24 8,22 Nam da + Demodex canis 13 4,45 Nam da + Sarcoptes