Strategic plan for higher education development in vietnam (chiến lược phát triển giáo dục đại học việt nam

Strategic Plan for Higher Education Development in Vietnam Le Dong Phuong Vietnam Institute of Education Sciences (VNIES) Development of Higher Education in Vietnam • Pre-colonial period • Chinese education model • No structured education system • French colonial period (until 1945) • • • • Part of the education reform by the French administration Modern HE introduced to Vietnam Built up with normal school, public colleges up to Indochina University Gradual expansion of HE network throughout Vietnam Development of Higher Education in Vietnam • During war time periods (1945-1975) • Different systems, different designs, serving different aims • Very much elite • No concrete plan for development Development of Higher Education in Vietnam • Before Đổi (1975-1990) • • • • • Single systems, serving planned economy Very much elite Fully funded bachelor students Public sector employment enforced Advanced degree programs mostly relied on other countries Reform policies • A new reform start (1990-2010) • • • • Expansion of enrolment meeting the needs of the population Diversification of revenues by higher education Management changed Periodic HE development plan enacted by the Government as guidance for the system • Planning included forecast of socioeconomic developmental needs First strategic plan Government’s Resolution 14/2005/NQ-CP • HE has developed, gained significant achievements • Quality has improved gradually • Development not-sustainable, not meeting the needs of industrialization and learning needs of the population • Poor management and academic administration ➢Modernization of HE ➢Quality – quantity balance ➢Separation of public administration and institutional management DR LE DONG PHUONG First strategic plan Government’s Resolution 14/2005/NQ-CP • Comprehensive innovation of HE, focus on quality, quantity and efficiency • By 2020 reaching international advanced level • Reorganization of the network with groupings suited to the context • Development of research and application orientations in HE, ensuring articulation between levels/programs • Quality development by assurance and accreditation, positions in the international rankings (1000 best universities) • Expansion of HE enrolment DR LE DONG PHUONG Strategic plan for education development 2010-2020 ✓Enrollment has increased 2.35 times after 10 years, private institutions has made significant contributions ✓Quality has improved ✓Lack of articulation ✓Quality falls behind requirements ✓Low quality and under-productive staff ➢Restructuring system of TVET and HE ➢HE shall meet the socioeconomic needs of the nation DR LE DONG PHUONG Higher Education Law 2018 ➢making the governance setup more flexible and devolving more managerial autonomy to the higher education institutions, especially those able to selffinance; ➢enhancing efficiency and equity in budget allocation; ➢fostering employer engagement in teaching and research; and ➢attracting and retaining quality faculty Outcomes of reform efforts Tertiary Education Gross Enrolment Rate in Vietnam and Selected Countries, 2000-2016 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 China Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Republic of Korea Thailand Viet Nam 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Outcomes of reform efforts Access Rates by Education Level and Expenditure Percentile, 2016 100 90 Access rate 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Expenditure percentile 0 10 20 30 primary school 40 50 60 lower secondary school 70 80 upper secondary school 90 100 higher education Outcomes of reform efforts Access Rate to Tertiary Education by Expenditure Percentile (2006-2016) 80 70 2016 2006 60 Access rate 50 40 30 20 10 Expenditure percentile 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Outcomes of reform efforts Distribution of the Vietnam Labor Force by Level of Education (projected until 2050) 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 2010 2015 2020 2025 primary 2030 secondary 2035 tertiary 2040 2045 2050 Global University Rankings for Vietnam and Comparators # of universities in Top 1,000 Webometrics Denmark Finland France Germany Netherlands Poland Switzerland United Kingdom Australia China Indonesia Japan Korea, Rep Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam 10 40 60 13 11 11 80 34 105 26 21 # of universities in the Top 1,000 QS 10 35 45 13 14 76 37 40 44 30 13 # of universities in the Top 1,000 THE 32 47 13 10 92 35 63 51 24 2 Research and Innovation Capacity and Output, Vietnam and Benchmarking Countries Citable documents per million population H index 2010 2017 2017 2741 3352 848 249 356 Denmark 2975 Finland # of patents per million pop Global Innovation Index rankings 2008 2018 251 22 20 712 233 37 17 4179 662 1084 8 2777 3225 571 1451 13 France 1510 1564 1023 709 19 16 Germany 1664 1853 1131 1206 Indonesia 10 71 196 1.67 49 85 Japan 949 898 920 2282 13 Malaysia 547 936 249 30 25 35 2644 2993 893 1233 10 13 28 205 1.35 63 73 777 1096 479 114 56 39 Republic of Korea 1192 1491 576 2341 12 Singapore 2831 3388 492 548 5 Switzerland 4092 4813 866 3065 140 212 289 3.16 44 44 2223 2468 1281 362 4 23 63 183 1.24 64 45 Australia China Netherlands Philippines Poland Thailand United Kingdom Viet Nam Program on Quality Improvement for HE 2019 • State plays a stewardship role and creating an enabling regulatory framework for higher education development; • Increase the diversification of income sources and make a more efficient use of resources; • Enhance internationalization and strengthen employer engagement; • Ensure equity and competition among HEIs; and • Strengthen quality assurance (QA), making QA conditions and information accessible/transparent to learners and community for oversight DR LE DONG PHUONG 16 Future directions • Provision of qualified manpower for the economy • Readiness for knowledge economy, Industry 4.0 • Integration into global HE landscape • Support for country’s innovation and prosperity DR LE DONG PHUONG 17 Provision of qualified manpower for the economy • Relevance of education • Quality control from public authorities and quality assurance from institutions • More autonomy and accountability to HEIs • Support for disadvantaged groups, talents • Pathways between TVET and HE, between programs • Lifelong learning (e-learning and distance learning) Readiness for knowledge economy, Industry 4.0 • Capacity building for both teaching and research • Linkages with research institutions and businesses • More research, both basic and applied • Application of advanced knowledge into real world • Diversification of institutional organization Integration into global HE landscape • International Benchmarks • Foreign languages in the education of new generations • Academic exchange with universities in other countries • Institutional governance DR LE DONG PHUONG 20 Support for country’s innovation and prosperity • Services to the business • Creation of knowledge for the benefit of the country • Linkages with research and business DR LE DONG PHUONG 21 • A new reform agenda for HE is in plan as part of the new Strategic Plan for Education Development • Lessons from other countries like ASEAN members of great benefits ... allocation; ➢fostering employer engagement in teaching and research; and ➢attracting and retaining quality faculty Outcomes of reform efforts Tertiary Education Gross Enrolment Rate in Vietnam and Selected... learning (e-learning and distance learning) Readiness for knowledge economy, Industry 4.0 • Capacity building for both teaching and research • Linkages with research institutions and businesses... Development of Higher Education in Vietnam • During war time periods (1945-1975) • Different systems, different designs, serving different aims • Very much elite • No concrete plan for development Development