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VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HA NOI INSTITUTE OF VIETNAMESE STUDIES AND DEVELOPMENT SCIENCES - NGUYEN DANH CUONG POTENTIAL, REALITY AND SOLUTIONS TO CULTURAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN DONG ANH, HA NOI MASTER’S THESIS Major: Vietnamese studies Ha Noi - 2012 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HA NOI INSTITUTE OF VIETNAMESE STUDIES AND DEVELOPMENT SCIENCES - NGUYEN DANH CUONG POTENTIAL, REALITY AND SOLUTIONS TO CULTURAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN DONG ANH, HA NOI Master's thesis Major: Vietnamese studies Code: 60 31 60 Supervisor: Prof.Dr Truong Quang Hai Hanoi - 2012 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Contents Page Introduction Chapter Theoretical bases 15 Some basic issues of cultural tourism 15 1.1 Definition of Cultural tourism 15 1.1.1 Classification of cultural tourism 16 1.1.2 Differentiation between Cultural tourism and Tourism Culture 17 1.1.3 Some factors affecting cultural tourism 17 1.1.4 Cultural tourism resources (humanity tourism resource) 18 1.1.5 Cultural tourism programs 19 1.1.6 Cultural tourism’s products 19 1.2 Some other concepts relating to cultural tourism 20 1.2.1 Management and organization of tourism 20 1.2.2 Technology and material facilities of tourism 21 1.2.3 Tourist destination 23 1.2.4 Tourist 23 1.3 Preserving and promoting cultural heritage 24 1.4 Approaches 25 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com 1.4.1 Systematic approaches 25 1.4.2 Approaches of area studies 25 1.4.3 Approaches of preserving and promoting cultural value 26 1.4.4 Approaches of sustainable tourism development 27 1.4.5 The general approaches 27 Chapter The potential for cultural tourism in Dong Anh district 29 2.1 Geographical location 29 2.2 Natural conditions 30 2.3 Situation of socio – economic development 31 2.4 Humanity tourism resources 31 2.4.1 Historical and cultural relics 31 2.4.2 Revolutionary relic 40 2.4.3 Traditional festivals 42 2.4.4 Traditional handicrafts 49 2.4.5 Folk Art 50 2.5 Other cultural resources 51 2.5.1 Co Loa Studio 51 2.5.2 Village landscape 52 Chapter 3: The real state of dong anh’s cultural tourism 54 development TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com 3.1 Organization and management of cultural tourism 54 3.1.1 The patterns of organization and management on cultural 54 tourism 3.1.2 Agencies and units business in the cultural tourism 57 3.1.3 Local government 58 3.2 Material facilities and human resources for cultural tourism 59 3.2.1 Material and technical facilities for cultural tourism 59 3.2.2 The human resources for cultural tourism 64 3.3 The cultural tourism in some typical cultural tourist 67 attractions in Dong Anh 3.3.1 The cultural tourism in Co Loa 67 3.3.2 The historical and cultural relics of Sai temple 69 3.3.3 The cultural tourism in Van Ha villages 70 3.3.4 The traditional water puppetry of Dao Thuc 72 3.4 Some characteristics of cultural tourists in the typical cultural 74 tourist destinations 3.5 The typical cultural tourism programs 76 3.6 The conservation of humanity tourism resources 78 3.7 Assessing strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and 80 challenges 10 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Chapter 4: The orientation and solutions to the cultural tourism 84 development in Dong Anh 4.1 The foundation for the orientation 84 4.1.1 The government’s policies and Hanoi’s plans for development 84 4.1.2 The practical basis 86 4.2 The orientation for the cultural tourism development in 87 Dong Anh 4.2.1 Strengthening the tourism organization and management 87 4.2.2.Speeding up the promotion for tourism 88 4.2.3 Speeding up the tourism linkages 88 4.2.4 Diversifying tourism products and improving the quality of 89 these products 4.2.5 Enhancing the technical infrastructure and human resources 90 of tourism 4.3 The solutions to the cultural tourism development in Dong Anh 91 4.3.1 The organization and management of tourism 91 4.3.2 Investment in infrastructure and technical facilities of tourism 95 4.3.3 Developing the products of local cultural tourism 97 4.3.4 The solutions to developing the human resources of tourism 99 4.3.5 Promoting and advertising tourism 100 11 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com 4.3.6 The solutions to heritage conservation 102 Conclusion 106 List of references 108 12 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com LIST OF TABLES Page Figure The gap in the organization and managementof the cultural 56 tourism in Dong Anh Table The status of accommodation establishments in Dong Anh (as 60 of 31/10/2011) Table Status transporter tourists in Dong Anh 63 Table The present situation of travel business in Dong Anh 64 Table The educational level of human resources in the cultural 66 tourism in Dong Anh Table The number of tourists to Co Loa cultural tourism attraction 69 (2008-2010) Table The number of international tourists to the water puppetry 73 ward of Dao Thuc Table The survey results of tourists’ characteristics in Dong Anh 75 INTRODUCTION 13 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Theme’s imperative Currently, cultural tourism plays an important role in tourism developingment in many countriesnations, especially developing countries that Vietnam belongs to Cultural tourism activitiesis basesd on the traditional cultural characteristics of thea community Thus, they are and promotesd them as an internal source to helpeliminate hunger, and reduce poverty and create alleviation as we as provide opportunities for the community to develop rapidly and sustainability develop communityly Dong Anh is a locality with rich and distinctive traditional culture connected to the historical struggles for the Vietnamese’s national construction and defense Co Loa temple is a famous historical heritagerelic with special values in Vietnamese nation’s history and cultures At present, the cultural tourism destination not only attracts domestic tourists but also international ones Besides that, a system of cultural – historical relics there are many (temples, pagodas, shrines) which are in cultural – historical heritage system located around all the villages and have been ranked already is They become a precious resource in cultural tourism Moreover, this is the area storing historical heritagesrelics during the war for our independence, such as: Nam Hong tunnel in the struggle against the colonial Francench colonists, ATK heritagesrelics linked to the revolutionary fighting of ourVietnam’s Communist Party leaders… They areIt is also an attractive humanistic resources useful for the developingment of cultural tourism in Dong Anh In addition, many interesting festivals and traditional typeforms of arts with pround national characteridentity such as Ca Tru, traditional theatre opera, Cheo, water puppet or freestyle wrestling in the towns of Thuy Lam, Kim Chung, Nam Hong, Bac Hong, Kim 14 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com No, Hai Boi, Lien Ha, Duc Tu, Uy No, Tien Duong, Co Loa, Vinh Ngoc and Viet Hung are also found in this area as: Ca Tru, traditional theatre opera, Cheo, water puppet or freestyle wrestling in many different towns such as: Thuy Lam, Kim Chung, Nam Hong, Bac Hong, Kim No, Hai Boi, Lien Ha, Duc Tu, Uy No, Tien Duong, Co Loa, Vinh Ngoc, Viet Hung Beside thatAdditionally, several traditional occupations such as carving, lacquer, furniture in the village of Van Ha, Lien Ha, Thuy Lam and Duc Tu and bamboo handicraft in Van Noi and Mai Lam in different villages are stored, such as: carving, doing lacquer, furniture in Van Ha, Lien Ha, Thuy Lam, Duc Tu and bamboo handicraft in Van Noi, Mai Lam Dong Anh wais located at the important strategic geographic position for Hanoi’sthe socio-economic developingment in Hanoi in particular and in theall the whole country in general It is the suburb district on the Northern gateway to Hanoi capital with two important railways going through: Hanoi – Thai Nguyen and Hanoi – Yen Bai Besides, the important overlandroad system with 7.5 km long plays a role in the lifeline as life-line traffic system in our country connecting Noi Bai Iinternational aAirlineport to Hanoi center as Highway 23ATwo, Three, Road No.18, high-speed way Thang Long – Noi Bai highway This traffic advantage makes good premise to promote the social,o- economic and cultural development of the district At present, in Being in the process of industrialization, big industrial zones have been built and rungone into workingoperation, (the Nothern industrial zone of Thang Long …) which made a breakthrough step in the socio-economic development in of Dong Anh Based on the Decision No.1081/QĐ-TTg on approving The mMaster plan of the socio-economic developingment in Hanoi till 2020 and , in the direction of 15 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com + We need to to set up the marketing programs for the tourist destinations in Dong Anh These professional programs will help us exploit the international and domestic tourism market and introduce and advertise for the tourism images of Dong Anh + The joint-ventures with domestic and foreign enterprises should be conducted in order to connect the cultural tourism in Dong Anh to Hanoi center so that the travel tours will be expanded This can not only attract tourists and develop market, but also advertise for the cultural tourism images of Dong Anh + The fairs and tourism events in the international and domestic tourism markets are good chances for Dong Anh to advertise for the potentials and the tourist destinations in the district to attract domestic and overseas tourists, investors and travel businesses One of them is the craft fair in Hanoi + The information should be provided for the tourist agents in the key overseas markets where there are a large of visitors with a high-paying ability or the tourist information centers and tourist areas + Dong Anh should host and organize the culture, sport and tourism programs such as Dong Anh cultural tourism festival days, the travel tour to our ancestor’s origin, festivals or the exhinition of the historical and cultural themes in Co Loa so as to attract the domestic and foreign tourists and to communicate information on Dong Anh cultural tourism in the whole country + It is vital to for us to implement the international cooperation and to court the support of governments and international organizations in the promotion and advertisement for the cultural tourism in Dong Anh through Hanoi Department of Culture, Sport and Tourism, Vienam’s General Tourism Department Vietnam Airlines and etc in order to enhance the international 114 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com cooperation in building up the cultural tourism images of Dong Anh + We cannot overlook the advertisement for the cultural tourism of Dong Anh on the panel, apphich, electronic panel system along the highways such as Thang Long - Noi Bai and motorways No3 4.3.6 The solutions to heritage conservation + We should conduct the projects for research, collection, inventory and conservation of the cultural heritages in the area + The restoration and embellishment of the cultural heritages should be implemented so that the traditional values must be retained without breaking the landscapes and losing the traditional values of tangible cultural heritages (village communal houses , pagodas and temples) in the area + The intangible cultural heritages should be conserved in many ways such as compiling books, taking photographs or making films in order to promote and educate the cultures of the localities For example, we can study and compile books or making documentary films about the cultural festivals such as Lo Khe Ca tru and Dao Thuc water puppetry + The cultural traditions, especially the family traditions in the locality should be educated to the young generations in various forms + We need to enhance the conservation and promotion of cultural values and promote the driving force and creativeness in the community For example, we can set up the clubs of Ca Tru, Tuong and water puppetry so that the distintive traditional festivals can be reconstructed and held - The local authorities should researches on and set up a file of Co Loa relics and then propose them to UNESCO so that the relics of Co Loa can be recognized as the world cultural heritage 115 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com +Th district should support financially the conservation and promotion of the cultural values in order that the risks of breaking down and losing the cultural heritage can be prevented + The governemts in the localities should evaluate the cultural heritages and instruct professionally how to store and preserve the cultural heritages if the organizations or individuals who have the ownership of these cultural heritages require + The State should have policies on respecting and behaving with the artisans and artists who own the traditional know-hows in the cultural heritages or take the credit for preserving and popularizing the traditional arts in the trading villages in Dong Anh + The local authorities should make favourable conditions for and support financially the creative activities and performances of the artists and artisans who contribute much to preserving the cultural heritages and disseminating the traditional arts For example, the district can support financially the artists and artisans who low income or face the difficult sistuation every month + We should pay attention to protecting and conserving the environmental sanitation in the cultural tourism areas when taking tourists to the relics in the district + At the same time, we must strictly protect the environment around the landscapes and cultural heritages while constructing the architectural works in the relic areas - Dong Anh’s traditional cultural values should be commucated and disseminate to the tourist staffs in the area and the tourists who arrive in Dong + We should socialize the forms of conserving and promoting the cultural 116 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com values such as the establishment of institutions and businesses in the cultural tourism of the district Summary of chapter Formatted: Justified, Space Before: pt, After: pt Based on the views, the policies and the development plans of Dong Anh Formatted: Font: 14 pt district and the situation of the cultural tourism in the area, the author put forth a Formatted: Justified, Line spacing: 1.5 lines number of orientations to develop the cultural tourism in the district They are enhancing the organization and management of tourism; speeding up the promotion and advertisement for the cultural tourism in Dong Anh; boosting the linkages with Hanoi tourist center and the other surrounding tourist areas as well as the tourist areas in the whole country; building up tourist tours in connection with diversifing and improving the quality of tourism products in the district and improving the technical and material facilities and the human resources of tourism in order to meet the requirements of tourism development in general and cultural tourism in particular Based on the orientation of the cultural tourism development in the area, the the author also recommend groups of solutions to the cultural tourism development: (1) The organization and management, (2) The technical and material infacilities and investment in the cultural tourism development, (3) The products, (4) Training and developing the human resources (5) Promotion (6) the conservation of cultural heritages These solutions all aim at building up and exploiting efficiently the cultural tourism products in Dong Anh in order to meet the requirements of the policy on the economic restructure of the district, promote industrialization and modernization in the area and contribute to preservation and promotion of the 117 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com cultural tourism values and maintain the sustainable development in Dong Anh Formatted: Line spacing: 1.5 lines CONCLUSION Nowadays, the cultural tourism has become one of the key economic Formatted: Space After: pt, Line spacing: 1.5 lines sectors of the national economy It not only creates jobs, helps develop the service sector, infrastructure and bring greater income to the economy, but also contributes to preserving the national cultural identities and promoting the peace and cultural exchanges in the world The cultural tourism resources in Dong Anh district are very rich, unique 118 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com and diverse and they are distributed rather evenly These are fundamental advantages to form the travel tours and the tourist sites in district, especially after Dong Anh is connected directly to the inner city of Hanoi In this thesis, the author has used the statistical methods and gathered documents from the district departments such as the Culture and Information Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Space After: pt, Line spacing: 1.5 lines department, the Economic and Statistical Department, the Finance and Planning Department to clarify the sistuation of cultural tourism activities in the locality And the authors also conducted a survey and fieldwork in Co Loa, Dao Thuc, Van Ha, Nam Hong and etc In addition, the authors also analyzed the specific situation of the management and organization, the material and technical facilities of tourism in the area Based on these fundamental factors, the author has clarified the sistuation of the cultural tourism products as well as the sistuation of vistors travelling to these destinations After assessing the situation of cultural tourism activities in the area, the author Formatted: Line spacing: 1.5 lines presents the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges of the cultural tourism activities in Dong Anh On that basis, the author suggest the orientation and solutions to the cultural tourism development in Dong Anh; however, the author mainly focus on the six goups of solutions as follows: (1) the organization and management of tourism, (2) the investment in the technical and material infrastructure of tourism, (3) developing the cultural tourism products of the locality; (4) training and developing the human resources for tourism; (5) the promotion and advertisement for tourism; (6) the preservation of cultural heritages Formatted: Font: 14 pt The author does hope the thesis will contribute to establishing the scientific and practical bases for exploiting effectively the rich cultural tourism Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Font: 14 pt 119 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com resources in Dong Anh in order to produce the distintive cultural tourism Formatted: Font: 14 pt products as well as preserving the national cultural identities and developing the Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Font: 14 pt socioeconomy the locality Despite efforts, this thesis is hard to avoid the Formatted: Font: 14 pt shortcomings Thus, the authour look forward to receiving the precious Formatted: Font: 14 pt comments from professors, teachers and readers who are interested in this thesis Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Font: 14 pt so that the author can complete it better Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Font: 14 pt Questionaire for tourism (For tourtist) Number: We are researching about tourism activities in Dong Anh to survey impacts of tourism to local people life With purpose is improve local people life, at the same time develop sustainable tourism So we need your help on giving your opinion about your tour in Dong Anh Your information will be necessary documentation for our reseach All your information will be confidential Name Gender: Male Your country: UK Canada Femal France Japan USA China 120 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Other (Please specify) Age: Your education completed Primary education Secondary education High school University Master Doctor Other (Please specify) Your occupation Student Farmer Bussinessman Researcher Other (Please specify) Worker Retired How many time have you come to Dong Anh ? This is the first time Once Twice Why you come back? How much you spend for this trip? - All tour? USD - Spend in Dong Anh (buying souvenir, eatting…) USD More How can you get tourism information about Dong Anh? Friends, family Traveling Agency Book and newspaper Internet Other (Please specify) What kinds of tourism activities you like in Dong Anh? Survey traditional handicraft Survey ethnic group culture Go sightseeing Climbing, trekking Other (Please specify) What you like most in Dong Anh? Life style Architecture of house Mode of production Handicraft Other (Please specify) 121 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com How you feel about the price here? Very expensive Expensive Normal Cheap 10 Do you stay in Dong Anh? Yes No Why/why not? - Accommodation Good - Service quality Good Bad Bad Other Other (Please specify) 11 If there are more services in Dong Anh, you want to stay here? Sure May be No Other If stay, What kind accommodations you like? Hotel Guest house Homestay House on stilts Other (Please specify) 12 What you want to take part beside tourism activities in Dong Anh? - Entertainment: Restaurant Bar Other (Please specify) - Sports Tennis Football Swimming Golf Other (Please specify) 13 Do you have a tour - guide Yes No He/ She is: Local ethnic people Other How you feel tour guide’s service quality? Good Normal 14 Do you like hire local tour guide? Yes No Why/why not? Bad 15 Which ways organizing tourism you like? The Household Village tourism 122 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Travel agency Other (Please specify) 16 What you think about the indigenous of local community? Friendly Shy Normal Other (Please specify) 17 What don’t you like here? Environment Tourism service Negative attitude of community Material facilities Quality of tour guide Travel agency Other (Please specify) 18 Do you have any submit ideas to enhance quality of tourism activities in Dong Anh? Thank you very much! Have a good journey! REFERENCES Vietnamese Hùng Điệp Anh (2004), Đơng Anh: Một vùng đất tiềm năng, Tạp chí Formatted: Bullets and Numbering Nghiên cứu Đông Nam Á, Số 10, tr.24-25 Trần Thuý Anh (chủ biên, 2010), Du lịch văn hoá - Những vấn đề lý luận kỹ năng, nghiệp vụ, Nxb Giáo dục Việt Nam, Hà Nội Ban chấp hành Đảng xã Bắc Hồng (2010), Lịch sử cách mạng Đảng nhân dân xã Bắc Hồng (1945 - 2010), Nxb Lao động, Hà Nội Ban chấp hành Đảng xã Đông Hội (2010), Đông Hội truyền thống lịch sử cách mạng, Nxb Khoa học xã hội, Hà Nội 123 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com Vũ Thế Bình (2001), Việt Nam đồ du lịch, Nxb Văn hố thơng tin, Hà Nội Nguyễn Đức Biền (2004), Đông Anh đô thị đại phia Bắc sông Hồng, Tạp chí Kinh tế Dự báo, Số 10, tr 29-30 Nguyễn Đức Biền (chủ biên), Hoàng Đức Thử, Vũ Tiến Tuynh (2005), Lịch sử cách mạng Đảng nhân dân huyện Đông Anh (1930 - 2005), Nxb Hà Nội, Hà Nội Trần Lâm Biền - Trịnh Sinh (Đồng chủ biên, 2010), Thế giới biểu tượng di sản văn hóa Thăng Long - Hà Nội, Nxb Hà Nội, Hà Nội Bùi Hạnh Cẩn - 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Đông Anh - Hà Nội quê hương nơi hội tụ nhân tài, Nxb Thời đại, Hà Nội 32 Trịnh Sinh (Chủ biên, 2010), Hà Nội thời Hùng Vương - An Dương Vương, Nxb Hà Nội, Hà Nội 33 Nguyễn Phú Sơn (2004), Lại Đà xưa nay, Nxb Lao động, Hà Nội 34 Trần Đức Thanh (2003), Nhập môn khoa học du lịch Nxb Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội Hà Nội 35 Nguyên Doãn Tuân (2003), Khu di tích Cổ Loa, lịch sử - văn vật, Nxb Hà Nội, Hà Nội 36 Nguyễn Minh Tuệ (1999), Địa lý du lịch, Nxb TP Hồ Chí Minh 37 Trần Mạnh Thường (1998), Đình, chùa, lăng tẩm tiếng Việt Nam, Nxb Văn hóa Thơng tin, Hà Nội 38 Vũ Quốc Tuấn (Chủ biên, 2010), Làng nghề, phố nghề Thăng Long Hà Nội đường phát triển, Nxb Hà Nội, Hà Nội 39 Đoàn Huyền Trang (sưu tầm, biên soạn, 2009), Lễ hội du lịch văn hoá Việt Nam, Nxb Lao động, Hà Nội 40 Lưu Minh Trị (Chủ biên, 2010), Hà Nội - Danh thắng di tích, Nxb Hà Nội, Hà Nội 41 Doãn Đoan Trinh (2003), Hà Nội địa du lịch văn hoá , Nxb Văn hố Thơng tin, Hà Nội 42 Lê Thị Vân ( 2006), Văn hóa du lịch, Nxb Hà Nội, Hà Nội 43 Trương Sỹ Vinh (Chủ biên, 2010), Du lịch Thăng Long - Hà Nội, Nxb Hà Nội, Hà Nội 44 UNND TP Hà Nội (2010), Bách khoa thư Hà Nội (tập 15 – Du lịch), Nxb Từ điển Bách Khoa thư Việt Nam, Hà Nội 126 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com 45 Thy Yến (2005), Làng nghề, xã nghề truyền thống Vân Hà từ xưa đến nay, Tạp chí Nghiên cứu Đơng Nam Á, Số 8, tr.40-41 Foreign language Bernd Von Droste, Dana Silk and Mechtild Rossler (1992), Sustainable development, P.6-8, UNE Industry and Environment, Vol 15, No3, Pari Cooper, Fletcher, Gilbert, Shepherd, Wanhill (1998), Tourism Principles and Practice Longman 2nd edition, Singapore Edward Inskepp, J.C (1991), Tourism planning, An Integrated and Sustainable Development Approach, Van Nostrand Reinhold Kuhn S.T., (1996), The structure scientific revolutions, The University of Chicago press, Chicago and london, 3rd edition Hens I (1999), Tourims and Environment, M.S.C courso Free University of Brussel Belgium Website http://www.donganh.hanoi.gov.vn http://w.w.w.dulichvn.org.vn http://sanctuaries.noaa.gov http://w.w.w.vietnamtourism.com Formatted: Font: 14 pt Formatted: Line spacing: 1.5 lines 127 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com 128 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ... cultural tourism? ??s products isare the tourism products exploited and used in the cultural tourism programs 1.2 Some other concepts relating to cultural tourism Cultural tourism is a type of tourism; ... at changing cultural values into tourism activities and cultural tourism acts to traditional culture is both as the means medium and tourism trading the purpose to exploiting and trading tourism. .. althoughIn spite of no speacialized works researching abouton the tourism in Dong Anh, especially cultural tourism, the works ofn tourism studies in general and cultural tourism in particular together
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