Investor introduction
• Company name: SUN GROUP CORPORATION
• Issued by: Danang Department of Planning and Investment
• Company headquarters: 11 th floor, Da Nang ACB Tower, No 218 Bach Dang, Phuoc Ninh Ward, Hai Chau District
• Business sectors: Tourist Resort, Entertainment, Luxury real estate,
• Legal representative: Dang Minh Truong
• Position: Chairman of the Board of Directors of Sun Group
Brief description of the project
Preliminary information
• Project Name: SUNWORLD WILD ANIMAL FARM GIA LAI
• Investment location: Ea Nueng Lake, Pleiku, Gia Lai, Viet Nam
• Investment form: Economic organization establishment
Farm information
• Type: Wild animal farm (traditional undomesticated animals are raised in an agricultural setting to provide)
• Attachment service: Construct a 1-hectare farm to breed wild creatures like turtles, wild boars, nil, red pheasants, algae-fed chickens, and so on.
+ Area for raising other animals: 3,000 m 2
+ Area for growing grass and fruit trees: 2,970 m 2
+ Area of housing for employees: 30m 2
Legal basis
• Bidding Law No 61/2005/QH11 dated November 29, 2005 of the National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam;
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• Circular No 05/2008/TT-BTNMT dated December 8, 2008 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment guiding on strategic environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment and environmental protection commitments;
• Circular No 05/2009/TT-BXD dated April 15, 2009 of the Ministry of
Construction guiding the adjustment of construction cost estimates;
• Circular No 08/2006/TT-BTNMT dated September 8, 2006 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment guiding strategic environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment and environmental protection commitments;
• Circular No 12/2008/TT-BXD dated May 7, 2008 of the Ministry of Construction guiding the formulation and management of construction survey costs;
• Circular No 176/2011/TT-BTC dated December 6, 2011 of the Ministry of Finance guiding the collection, payment and management and use of fees for appraisal of construction investment projects;
• Circular No 33/2007/TT-BTC dated April 9, 2007 of the Ministry of Finance guiding the final settlement of completed projects funded by the state capital;
• Civil Code No 33/2005/QH11 dated June 14, 2005 of the National
Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam;
• Construction Law No 16/2003/QH11 dated November 26, 2003 of the National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam;
• Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora;
• Cost norms for project management and construction investment consultancy together with Decision No 957/QD-BXD dated September 29, 2009 of the Ministry of Construction;
• Decision 1172/QD-BXD in 2012 announcing norms of construction cost estimates;
Decree 140/2006/ND-CP, issued by the Government on November 22, 2006, establishes regulations for environmental protection during the formulation, appraisal, approval, and implementation phases of strategies, master plans, and development programs and projects.
• Decree No 123/2008/ND-CP dated December 8, 2008 of the Government detailing the implementation of the Law on Value Added Tax;
• Decree No 124/2008 ND-CP dated December 11, 2008 of the Government on corporate income tax;
Decree No 209/2004/ND-CP, issued by the Government on December 16, 2004, focuses on the quality management of construction works, while Decree No 49/2008/ND-CP, dated April 18, 2008, amends and supplements several articles of the original decree.
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On February 28, 2008, the Government issued Decree No 21/2008/ND-CP, which amends and supplements several provisions of Decree No 80/2006/ND-CP, originally established on August 9, 2006 This legislation details and guides the implementation of specific articles of the Law on Environmental Protection, enhancing regulatory frameworks for environmental management.
• Decree No 32/2006/ND-CP dated March 30, 2006 on management of endangered precious and rare forest plants and animals;
• Decree No 35/2003/ND-CP dated 4/4/2003 of the Government detailing a number of laws on fire prevention and fighting;
• Decree No 80/2006/ND-CP dated August 9, 2006 of the Government detailing and guiding the implementation of a number of articles of the Law on Environmental Protection;
Decree No 82/2006/ND-CP, issued on August 10, 2006, regulates the management of the export, import, re-export, and transit of endangered, precious, and rare wild fauna and flora This decree also addresses the breeding, rearing, and cultivation of these species to ensure their protection and sustainable use.
• Decree No 99/2007/ND-CP dated June 13, 2009 of the Government on management of construction investment costs;
• Enterprise Law No 60/2005/QH11 dated November 29, 2005 of the National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam;
• Investment Law No 59/2005/QH11 dated November 29, 2005 of the
National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam Male;
• Law amending and supplementing a number of articles of the Laws related to capital construction investment of the 12th National Assembly, 5th session No. 38/2009/QH12 dated June 19, 2009;
• Law on Corporate Income Tax No 14/2008/QH12 dated June 3, 2008 of the National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam;
• Law on Environmental Protection No 52/2005/QH11 dated November 29,
2005 of the National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam;
• Law on Forest Protection and Development 2004;
• Law on Land No 13/2003/QH11 dated November 26, 2003 of the National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam;
• Law on Real Estate Business No 63/2006/QH11 dated June 29, 2006 of the National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam;
• Law on Value Added Tax No 13/2008/QH12 dated June 3, 2008 of the National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam;
• Pursuant to other relevant laws.
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MARKET RESEARCH
Macroeconomic
According to statistics in 2020, Gia Lai province has an area of 15,510.90 km², the population in 2020 is 1,541,829 people, population density reaches 99 people/km².
As of April 1, 2019, Gia Lai province had a population of approximately 1,513,847, resulting in a density of 102 people per km² The population distribution is highly uneven, with Pleiku city housing 27.53% of the province's residents and a density of 1,662 people/km², while An Khe town has a density of 408 people/km² Most districts and villages have a density below 200 people/km², with K' Bang district at just 45 people/km², significantly lower than the average The urban population stands at 438,062, making up 28.9% of the total, while rural residents total 1,075,785, or 71.1% The male population is 758,759, compared to 755,258 females, and the natural population growth rate is 1.72 ‰.
According to statistics from the General Statistics Office of Vietnam, as of April 1,
2009, Gia Lai province has 38 ethnic groups living with foreigners Kinh people account for the most with 713,403 people, Gia Rai people have 372,302 people,
Ba Na people have 150,416 people, Tay people have 10,107 people, Nung people have 10,045 people, followed by Muong people have 6,133 people, Thai people have 3,584 people, Dao people have 4,420 people.
As of April 1, 2019, Gia Lai province is home to ten distinct religions, representing a total population of 397,566 individuals Among these, Catholicism is the most prominent faith, with 166,996 adherents, followed by Protestantism with 142,220 followers Buddhism ranks third, encompassing 85,229 practitioners Additionally, Cao Dai has 2,971 followers, while smaller religious communities include Bahá'í with 59 members and Hoa Hao Buddhism.
41 people, Tu An Hieu Nghia has 23 people, Minh Ly Dao has 18 people, Pure Land Buddhist, The Vietnamese association, has five members, at least four are Muslim.
Gia Lai, situated on a vast ancient rock foundation over 4,000 meters thick, is part of the Kon Tum Massif and lies to the east of the Truong Son range near the southern end of the Nam Truong Son massif Since the end of the Tertiary period, the geoblock has experienced uneven uplift, resulting in a landscape shaped by volcanic activity and weathering This has led to the formation of undulating plateaus interspersed with hills and relatively low-lying areas, creating a diverse terrain.
Gia Lai's diverse topography features a complex interplay of hills, plateaus, and valleys, extending from north to south and tilted from east to west The region is primarily divided into three terrain types: mountainous areas, plateaus, and lowlands The Kon Ha Nung and Pleiku Plateaus are significant, while mountainous terrain occupies 40% of the province, predominantly in the north, characterized by steep landscapes The average elevation of these areas is around 800 meters, with Kon Ka Kinh peak being the highest point The geological diversity supports substantial groundwater reserves, and low-lying areas often give rise to rivers and spectacular waterfalls The southern part of Gia Lai is home to fertile lowlands, crucial for agriculture, while the region's soil is categorized into 27 types, including seven main groups such as alluvial, gray, black, and red basalt soil, which is particularly prevalent on the Pleiku Plateau, enhancing its agricultural potential.
Gia Lai features a tropical monsoon climate characterized by high humidity and significant rainfall, with temperatures influenced by altitude The region experiences two distinct seasons: the rainy season from May to October and the dry season from November to April, with average annual temperatures ranging from 22°C to 25°C Rainfall varies, with the East Truong Son region receiving 1,200 to 1,750 mm and the West Truong Son averaging 2,200 to 2,500 mm annually This favorable climate and soil quality make Gia Lai ideal for cultivating a variety of industrial crops, animal husbandry, and agro-forestry, offering high economic potential.
Gia Lai province boasts 27 distinct soil types derived from various parent rocks across seven main groups This diverse geology underpins the region's significant mineral resources, which are crucial for its economy, particularly in gold, construction materials, bauxite, and precious stones.
Gia Lai boasts significant hydroelectric potential, with a theoretical capacity ranging from 10.5 to 11 billion kW and an economic and technical capacity of 7.1 billion kW Currently, the region has an installed capacity of 1,502 MWh, including four major hydroelectric projects contributing to an installed capacity of 1,422 MWh.
MW, 85 small hydropower projects with a total of 80,200 kW are distributed relatively evenly throughout, creating favorable conditions for production development In addition,
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The Yaly Hydroelectric Project, completed in April 2002, boasts a capacity of 720 MW and generates 3.68 billion kWh of electricity This project has significantly contributed to the economic development of the province by meeting the energy demands of the entire region Additionally, the Se San 3 Hydropower Plant complements this effort with its designed capacity, further enhancing regional energy supply.
273 MW, including two units with a total capacity of 260 MW, with an average annual power output of 1.12 billion kWh of electricity, is located downstream of the
The Ia Ly hydropower plant boasts a substantial surface water reserve of approximately 24 billion m³, highlighting its significant potential for the power industry in Gia Lai province This region is recognized for its vital role in the energy sector, currently hosting four major hydropower plants, each exceeding 100MW in capacity, namely Yali, Kanak-An Khe, Sesan 3, and Sesan 4.
From 1975 to 1991, total budget revenue was only 40 billion dongs, which increased to 256 billion dongs in 2001, 2,300 billion dongs in 2010, and reached 3,200 billion dongs in 2011 This growth has significantly enhanced the quality of life for the people, with GDP per capita soaring to 19.5 million VND in 2011, marking a 3.82-fold increase since 2005 and a 6.5-fold increase since 2000.
In the first half of 2012, the gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 4.38% compared to the same period in 2011, with agricultural, forestry, and fishery production rising by 3.8% Specifically, agriculture increased by 3%, forestry by 5.7%, and fisheries by 5.8% The industrial production index also saw a 4.5% increase, driven by significant growth in shipbuilding, fruit and vegetable processing, and dairy production However, the consumption index for the processing industry rose only by 3%, a sharp decline from last year's 17.5%, while the industry's inventory index surged by 26% Notably, high inventory levels were recorded in paper and packaging production (130%), motor vehicle production (116.7%), and fruit and vegetable processing (113.3%).
In the context of the rapidly advancing knowledge and digital economies, as well as the rapid growth of science and technology, developing a skilled workforce has become a critical priority Recognizing this necessity, the Party Committee of Gia Lai province has prioritized enhancing personnel strategies, particularly by improving the quality of its leadership and management team to achieve effective outcomes.
Gia Lai province employs a total of 5,744 officials, with 862 at the provincial level (15%), 2,676 at the district level (46.6%), and 2,206 at the commune level (38.41%) Among these officials, 2,069 are female (36.02%) and 1,033 belong to ethnic minorities (17.98%) Additionally, the province boasts 506 professionals holding master's and doctoral degrees.
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The staff composition has shown significant improvement, with 8.81% holding advanced degrees and 72.58% possessing university qualifications In the realm of political theory, 64.61% of personnel have intermediate qualifications, while 24.62% hold advanced degrees or bachelor's degrees The overall qualifications of the staff have steadily enhanced, evidenced by a 5.97% increase in female staff and a 1.53% decrease in ethnic minority representation since the end of 2015 Additionally, the proportion of staff with master's and doctorate degrees rose by 1.72%, alongside a notable 9.2% increase in those holding undergraduate degrees.
In Gia Lai province, the percentage of political cadres with intermediate qualifications has risen by 8.53%, while those holding advanced degrees and bachelor's degrees have seen an increase of 1.59% Overall, staff at all levels are gaining practical training and developing comprehensively, effectively fulfilling the requirements of their assigned tasks.
General information about the project
1.2.1 About Sunworld Wild Animals Farm Gia Lai
Sunworld Wild Animals Farm Gia Lai serves as a unique venue for farmers to engage in the production of live animals, catering to both canned hunting enthusiasts and those seeking pets within an agricultural framework.
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The project seeks to meet societal needs, enhance wildlife conservation, and stimulate growth in the province's cattle industry, significantly supporting the nation’s industrialization and modernization efforts.
Sunworld Wild Animals Farm Gia Lai aims to maximize fresh product production by establishing a 1-hectare farm dedicated to breeding various wild creatures, including turtles, wild boars, nim, red pheasants, and algae-fed chickens.
Vietnam, renowned for its rich biodiversity, is facing a critical conservation challenge as forest areas diminish and wildlife trafficking persists This issue extends beyond Vietnam, with a network of cross-border wildlife trade impacting various regions globally The rapid loss of habitats and declining animal populations have placed numerous species at a heightened risk of extinction, threatening both global biodiversity and the unique wildlife of Vietnam.
The rampant cross-border hunting and trafficking of wildlife is driven by rapid population growth, low enforcement, and significant profits from wildlife trade Cultural factors further fuel the demand for wildlife products, particularly among wealthy consumers willing to pay exorbitant prices for items like rhino horn and tiger bone Vietnam serves as both a destination and transit hub for many wildlife trafficking networks, leading to the exploitation of numerous species, pushing them toward extinction The illegal trade is particularly severe for reptiles, with approximately 10,000 tons of turtles harvested annually and smuggled across borders, highlighting the urgent need for conservation efforts in Vietnam.
23 tortoise species and five water turtle species, all of which are endangered.
Asia's commercial wildlife ranches are experiencing rapid growth despite significant challenges A recent survey conducted by the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) in collaboration with the Vietnam Forest Protection Department assessed 78 livestock farms in Vietnam to evaluate the effectiveness of wild animal farming in promoting species conservation The survey revealed that 22 species are being raised on these farms, including 12 that are nationally threatened, six globally threatened, four protected at the national level, and five classified as endangered under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora, which lists them in Appendix I.
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Countries worldwide are strengthening partnerships to tackle the illegal wildlife trade, driven by a growing economy and increased international trade The demand for both legal and illegal wild animal products is on the rise, leading to a surge in breeding and processing activities As a result, domesticated wild animal products are expected to gradually take the place of dwindling natural resources This trend presents an opportunity for biodiversity-rich nations like Vietnam to capitalize on their unique wildlife.
To address the rising demand for wildlife products, Vietnam has seen a significant increase in the breeding of wild species, both in quantity and diversity Today, most wild animal products available in the market are sourced from farms, which are gradually replacing those from the wild This shift not only boosts local economic growth but also positively influences natural resource conservation, biodiversity, and environmental sustainability.
Vietnam is home to numerous large farms spread across all provinces, featuring advanced cattle raising techniques that meet international standards These farms provide ample space for cattle, meticulously designed to align with the local climate and ecosystem, catering to various species and their specific needs.
• Lai Chau Agricultural Development & Construction Investment Co., Ltd’s farm
Lai Chau Agricultural Development & Construction Investment Co., Ltd recently inaugurated the largest biosafety centralized pig farm in Lai Chau province, located in Cang A village, Pac Ta commune, Tan Uyen district, with a capacity of approximately 12,000 pigs The farm is designed to produce up to 13,000 pigs annually, including 550 sows and 1,200 weaned pigs, resulting in a total herd size of 14,000 commercial pigs per year The pigs are sourced entirely from the US PIC Corporation, specifically the highly regarded GF24 breed, which is well-received in the Vietnamese market Additionally, the farm utilizes feed that adheres to both European and Vietnamese standards, ensuring high-quality meat that meets stringent nutritional and food safety requirements.
• BaF Vietnam Agriculture Joint Stock Company’s cattle farm in Phu Yen BaF
Established in 2017, Vietnam Agriculture Joint Stock Company specializes in pig breeding and is committed to a strategic business model based on the 3F chain: Feed - Farm - Food The company aims to create a comprehensive closed-loop process that encompasses seed, feed, and farm operations.
The TIEU LUAN MOI project focuses on a state-of-the-art meat processing factory, complemented by a 14-hectare breeding farm located in Ea Trol commune, Song Hinh district, Phu Yen province This farm aims to raise and supply high-quality breeding pigs, utilizing modern technology models sourced from leading corporations in Europe, America, and Asia, including AP, Cristal, GSI, Pigtek, and Big Dutchman.
• Thanh Duc Livestock and Production Company Limited, Xuan Loc District, Dong Nai Province
Thanh Duc Breeding and Production Co., Ltd operates a high-tech egg-laying chicken farm that integrates advanced technology in all aspects of production, including breeding, egg collection, feeding, and waste management The fully automated system, controlled by the Smart One smart control cabinet, monitors critical parameters such as temperature, humidity, and air flow to ensure optimal conditions for the chickens Utilizing imported cage systems from Spain and Italy, the farm enhances efficiency by reducing disease incidence, improving product quality, minimizing environmental impact, and decreasing labor requirements, all while conserving electricity and optimizing space.
Building a wild animal farm presents significant challenges, primarily in finding a spacious and suitable location that meets the specific natural conditions required for the animals' survival These animals cannot thrive in all weather conditions, making environmental suitability crucial Additionally, the construction of such a farm demands substantial financial investment, as a large area is necessary to create an appropriate habitat and living space for each animal, ensuring high-quality production and the overall sustainability of the business.
The project aims to identify a suitable location characterized by stunning landscapes and a healthy environment conducive to wildlife habitation, while addressing construction costs and sustainability to foster a stable ecosystem Additionally, it seeks to secure funding and partnerships to support the financing of the construction efforts.
SWOT strategy analysis
• Environmental sustainability: carbon sequestration, wildfires, landscapes.
• No competition for human food: makes use and improvement of marginal areas.
• Possible reduction of agricultural subsidies or new conditions for payment.
• Market liberalization: hard competition and sometimes unfair.
• Weak position within the agri-value chain: bargaining power, lack of knowledge about margins, prices, market & policy trends.
• Payment for environmental services and/or low-carbon production systems.
• Branding: creation of new brands appealing quality, sustainability, etc.
• Easy conversion to sustainable systems that would theoretically allow obtaining higher market prices (i.e., organic production).
• Take active part in adding value activities and marketing.
• Low availability of feed resources (external dependency)
• Break between livestock and crops
• Abandonment: Difficult to get loans
• Market: low orientation and almost lack of participation out the farm gate.
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PROJECT LOCATION
Project geographical location
Sunworld Wild Animal Farm Gia Lai is situated at the picturesque Ea Nueng Lake, also known as T'Nung Lake, in Pleiku, Gia Lai, Vietnam This stunning freshwater lake, formed by a crater, is renowned for its deep blue waters that shimmer like jade The enchanting road leading to the lake is lined with old pine trees, providing a romantic atmosphere, especially on hot summer days T'Nung Lake captivates visitors year-round, offering a whimsical fairyland experience in the early morning mist and dazzling reflections at noon As the sun sets, the lake transforms into a serene landscape with gentle ripples and a warm red hue, creating a peaceful retreat for all who visit.
Bien Ho Lake, an oval-shaped body of water, has an average depth ranging from 12 to 19 meters and spans an impressive area of 228 hectares Surrounded by picturesque pine trees and mountains, the lake's surface can expand to cover up to 400 hectares during the wet season.
This picturesque lake presents an ideal setting for a farm, allowing farmers and animal trainers to thrive in a beautiful environment while efficiently meeting the needs of their animals.
Status of usage of the land
This is a suitable location to utilize the farm without having a significant impact on the people or their living area because it has a big land area and a low population.
General comment
The company found that the natural conditions and technical infrastructure in the Pleiku area, especially around Ea Nueng Lake, significantly enhance the production and utilization of fresh products Key advantages include a favorable geographical location and modern infrastructure that facilitate these processes.
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PART C SUN WORLD WILD ANIMAL FARM GIA LAI
A PROFITABLE PROJECT
Objectives of the project
Address societal requirements, contribute to wildlife protection, and create impetus for the development of the province's cattle industry, all while contributing considerably to the country's industrialization and modernization process.
• In order to meet society's growing demand for items derived from wild animals, wild species rearing in Vietnam has grown in both quantity and diversity.
• Contribute to the protection of the natural environment for long-term development by replacing depleted organisms from nature.
• Meeting the demand for qualified breeders and producing clean meat products for the consumer market through the use of biotechnology and the process of rearing books with ozone treatment.
Utilize agricultural by-products such as vegetables, tubers, and fruits from wholesale marketplaces, along with food processing waste like soybean residue, wine wort, beer baits, and fish heads Additionally, incorporate locally sourced natural resources, including water hyacinth, vegetables, grass, and banana trees, as primary food sources This approach promotes sustainability and reduces dependence on industrial food supplies.
Investment project implementation time
The project will last from the third quarter of 2022 to the end of the fourth quarter of
2022, after which it was finished and put into operation in the first 2 quarters of 2023.
• Quarter III/2022 & IV/2022: The investment preparation phase will consist of leasing land for 20 years and building.
• Quarter I/2023: The start of the construction phase: Plan to invest in farm building, machinery, and equipment, as well as market development.
• Quarter II/2023: The project begins to harvest, and the stage of seed selection and screening continues to develop genetic resources.
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I Investment preparation Leasing land (20 years)
II Construction Farm building Machinery & equipment Market development
III Implementation Seed selection and screening to develop genetic resources
Investment funds
The total investment capital need is estimated to be at about VND 2,3 billion Total investment capital of the project includes:
The state budget encompasses various funding initiatives, including targeted support programs for forest protection and development, traffic management, irrigation, and clean water projects, alongside government bonds It also integrates official development assistance (ODA) and legal support capital from non-governmental organizations, as well as local budget allocations for essential activities such as land clearance.
• Integrating initiatives in the same field to increase overall socioeconomic and environmental protection efficiency.
• Socialized capital: derived from the resources of businesses that engage in initiatives and services.
• Capital obtained through other legal means.
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BASIC DESIGN PLANNING SOLUTION
Project grading determination
Based on the Law on Government Organization dated December 25, 2001;
Based on the Law on Forest Protection and Development dated December
3, 2004; Based on the Law on Biodiversity dated November 13, 2008;
Based on the Law on State Budget dated December 16, 2002;
In accordance with Decision No 57/QD-TTg issued on January 9, 2012, by the Prime Minister, the Forest Protection and Development Plan for the period 2011-2020 has been approved, following the proposal from the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development.
Based on the Decree No 210/2013/ND-CP dated October 19, 2013 of the Government on policies to encourage enterprises to invest in agriculture and rural areas;
The competitive advantage and profitability of safari areas are significantly influenced by the capacity of investors like SUN GROUP CORPORATION, as well as the growing consumption of fresh products in Vietnam By leveraging these factors, investors can enhance the appeal and sustainability of safari attractions, ultimately driving economic growth and meeting the demands of a health-conscious consumer base.
With the according to state standards above bases, Sun Group Corporation decides to build Sunworld Wild Animal Farm Gia Lai.
Technical scale determination
Sunworld Wild Animal Farm Gia Lai is built on a total area of 10,000 m 2 including:
• Area for raising other animals: 3,000 m 2
• Area for growing grass and fruit trees: 2,970 m 2
• Area of housing for employees: 30m 2
Services determination
This project focuses on the production of live animals for various purposes, including canned hunting, pets, and agricultural use It also emphasizes the utilization of animals for commodities such as food, traditional medicine, and materials like leather, fur, and fiber.
The Sunworld Wild Animals Farm in Gia Lai aims to meet societal needs, enhance wildlife protection, and stimulate the local cattle industry, contributing significantly to the country's industrialization and modernization By establishing a 1-hectare farm dedicated to breeding various wild species such as turtles, wild boars, nim, red pheasants, and algae-fed chickens, the project strives to maximize the production of fresh products for consumption.
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Basic business requirements
• All areas in the business area must be designed to be clean and natural.
Selecting a suitable location for the farm is crucial, as it should feature a sufficiently large construction area to facilitate efficient production activities Proper arrangement of each area is essential to minimize risks and prevent any issues that could negatively impact service quality.
• The animals’ living area must be safe and sanitary in order to keep farmers comfortable while also preserving the lives of wildlife animals as much as feasible.
• Because the landscape is the most significant aspect of the farm as a whole, it must be resourceful, well-organized, and enjoyable for both animals and farmers.
• In order to avoid harming people, the animals in the safari must be well- raised, well-fed, well-drunk, well-lived, and well-behaved.
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IMPLEMENTATION
Farmed animals
The farm is home to various wild creatures, including turtles, wild boars, hedgehogs, birds, and algae-fed poultry Initially, the focus was on the experimental breeding of wild boars and turtles during the first two years Consequently, the project's primary aim is to explore and analyze the breeding procedures for these two species.
Raising turtles techniques
Freshwater turtles are a rare and valuable aquatic species, often regarded as high-class delicacies due to their delicious taste and health benefits Their eggs, apricots, and tortoiseshell heads are traditionally used in various remedies Recently, tortoiseshell has gained significant market value, being widely consumed domestically and exported to China Recognizing the importance of turtles, Sunworld Wild Animals Farm Gia Lai plans to raise them for meat and seed To ensure rapid growth, high survival rates, and substantial profits, effective technical steps must be implemented in turtle farming.
3.2.1 Turtle-raising techniques and commercial products a Pond and tank preparation:
• Select a calm location; the pond bank should be constructed of thick bricks with obstacles to keep turtles out of the farming area.
• The pond bed, pond bank, water supply and drainage culvert, as well as an auxiliary linked yard for turtles to consume, make up the culture pond.
The ideal pond size for turtles should range from 800 to 1000 m², featuring a water depth of 2 meters to ensure warmth during winter and a cool environment in summer The pond should be lined with clean fine sand, with a thickness of 15 to 20 cm, and designed with a gradual slope towards the drain for effective water management.
Turtles can easily access the garden or designated resting area in the pond's corner to bask in the sun whenever necessary Additionally, the water supply and drainage gates are equipped with iron nets for added protection.
• It is vital to prepare ponds and tanks for stocking in order to ensure clean water and adequate bottom matter. b Turtle stocking
• The turtle stocking season runs from March through April on the lunar calendar each year.
• Individual stocking sizes range from 100 to 200 grams Choose turtle-friendly kinds that do not transport infections in a pond with similar-sized turtles.
• Stocking density: 2 fish per m 2 is recommended to ensure habitat and a good output.
TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com c Pond management
• To guarantee that the pond water is always clear, avoiding the situation where the turtles are lost during the early days of stocking or on wet days.
• Type of food: The investor grows vegetables and fish on the farm specifically for the turtles They also consume starch as a source of nutrition.
When feeding turtles, it's essential to use a designated area to help them get accustomed to eating, making it easier to monitor their daily food intake and maintain cleanliness Small animals can be offered whole, while larger ones should be diced into manageable pieces to ensure even consumption; inedible parts like fish heads and fins should be disposed of on land to avoid pond contamination Food should be washed before feeding, with hatchlings receiving 3-4 meals per day and adult turtles 1-2 meals, with evening portions being larger Daily feeding amounts should be 15-16% for hatchlings, 10-12% for breeding turtles, and 3-6% for broodstock based on their weight To ensure a balanced diet, a variety of animal foods should be provided instead of a single type, as this helps meet their nutritional needs Newly hatched turtles can be fed zooplankton, water worms, and earthworms, transitioning to lean fish after 5-7 days, preferably raw fish that has been boiled to remove the flesh.
3.2.2 Turtle breeds raising technique a Ponds to raise parent turtles
• The water source for ponds must be clean, unpolluted, and can be supply and drain proactively Inlet water for underground flow, avoid strong flushing to adversely affect the turtles.
• Ponds has an area of 800-1000 m2 with 2 meters deep, the bottom of the pond has a layer of smooth sand or sandy soil with a thickness of about 15-20cm.
To create an ideal habitat for turtles, the pond bank should be smooth, wide, and gently sloped, allowing easy access for them to bask in the sun and locate their nesting sites Additionally, a fence should be installed along the bank for added protection.
To prevent turtles from escaping, it is essential to install a perimeter barrier and to plant shade trees that provide resting and nesting areas for them.
Hatching grounds for turtles are typically located in the center or adjacent to ponds, situated in quiet areas that vary in size based on the turtle population Additionally, it is important to differentiate between male and female turtles for effective breeding and conservation efforts.
• Male: Longer neck and tail, slim body, the shell is more oval shaped.
• Female: Fatter and shorter neck and tail, thick body, the shell is less oval shaped. c Choose and raise parent turtles
• Parent turtles must be even, healthy, no scratches or deformities.
• Favors turtles with sizes from 1-4kg (based on the species).
When releasing turtles into a pond, it is important to maintain a density of 0.5 to 1 kg/m2 A balanced male to female ratio of 1:3 or 1:4 is essential, as overcrowding of male turtles can lead to aggressive behavior, resulting in injuries and potential diseases Additionally, excessive male presence may disrupt female turtles, causing abnormal reproduction and increasing food costs.
From April to September, turtles enter their egg-laying season, with mating typically occurring at dawn During this time, male turtles actively circle around females, using their front legs to hold them in place and prevent them from escaping.
When feeding turtles, it is essential to provide pureed fish, ensuring the diet comprises 4-6% of their body weight Be mindful that extreme weather conditions, such as excessive heat or cold, can lead to decreased appetite in turtles, necessitating adjustments in their food intake.
To ensure the well-being of turtles, feed them twice daily at designated spots in the pond, and maintain cleanliness by washing the area regularly Every 7-10 days, change the water gently and quietly to prevent disrupting their feeding habits.
• Turtles lay their eggs at night, they crawl around the pond to find wet soil, soft and discreet enough to make a nest.
• It uses 2 hind legs, sometimes using the snout to scoop up the soil to create a hole 10-15cm deep as a nest.
• The turtle then uses their hind legs to place the eggs in the hole they have just dug and then put the soil and sand back.
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• Newly laid eggs have elastic shells, then they harden (each egg weigh about 2- 6kg), the time to lay the first egg is 5-10 minutes from the second egg.
• The turtle lays 5-30 eggs at a time (average from 10 to 15 eggs at a time).
After significant rainfall, turtles tend to lay their eggs in scattered locations along the pond's banks, particularly in areas with soft soil Therefore, during these times, it's essential to explore the pond's perimeter to locate the turtle nests for egg collection Once collected, the eggs should be carefully incubated to ensure their successful hatching.
• When collecting eggs: Gently turn the layer of soil and sand up to take the eggs to incubate inside the house.
To create an effective turtle egg incubator, use foam containers filled with ice and fruits, ensuring a controlled environment Begin by pouring a 5-7 cm layer of fine, clean moist sand at the bottom of the container Place the turtle eggs evenly on the sand, making sure the air sac is positioned on top Cover the eggs with an additional 3 cm layer of sand and secure the lid to maintain the incubator's temperature It's essential to replace the sand and disinfect the chamber after each incubation cycle to ensure optimal conditions for the next batch.
During the incubation process, it is crucial to avoid turning the eggs Additionally, maintaining the sand's moisture level between 81-82% is essential; the sand should neither be too dry nor excessively wet, as this can harm the eggs.
• The eggs will hatch after 55-65 days (at 32-35oC) However, eggs are prone to “cancer” when the temperature is below 20oC and above 37oC.
• Turtles have just hatched about 15 minutes must be put into water If you let them dry, they are very easy to die g Nurturing turtles
After hatching, the tortoise is placed in a bowl or a plastic bucket with water hyacinth or a suitable substrate for comfort Its diet should include hard-boiled egg yolks and worms It’s essential to change the water daily, and after one week, the tortoise can be transferred to a nursery tank for further growth and development.
Wild boar farming techniques
Wild boars, native to Thailand and Vietnam, have been introduced to our country in recent years, with support from the Agriculture Extension Association under the Ministry of Agriculture to promote livestock development Their meat is a high-quality product, rich in iron and lower in fat and cholesterol compared to beef, veal, chicken, and domestic pigs, making it a healthier choice that reduces the risk of obesity and cardiovascular diseases To ensure high productivity and profitability in wild boar farming, the Western Wild Boar Farm must implement effective technical measures.
• Breastfeeding period: Newborn -2 months old- Birth weight: 0,3-0,7 kg/boar § Survival rate: 75-85 % § Weight at the end of the period: 7-10 kg/boar § Feed consumption/period: Tinh: 1,86 kg/ Xanh: 2,28 kg
• 2-6 months period- Survival rate: 90-95 % § Weight at the end of the period: 35 kg/boar § Food consumption/period: Tinh: 2,99 kg/ Xanh: 4,34 kg
• Growth stage 6-12 months old § Survival rate: 95-98 % § Weight: Male : 55-60 kg/boar/ Female: 50-55 kg/boar § Food consumption/period: Tinh: 6,0-6,2 kg/ Xanh: 4-4,5 kg (If raise for meat then kill at 10-12 months old)
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• Puppy rearing period: 7-8 months old § Survival rate: 97-98 % § Rate of selection to spawn: 80-85% § Bodyweight? Male: 40-45 kg/boar/ Female: 35-40 kg/boar
• Food: Tinh: 1,3-1,4 kg/day/ Xanh: 1,0-1,5 kg/day
• Reproductive stage § Maturity age: Male > 8 months/ Female > 7 months § Survival rate: 95-98 % Đ Rate of male-female pairing: ẵ § Food intake level: Tinh: 1,6-1,7 kg/day/ Xanh: grazing
• Production of wild boar/sow: § First year of birth: 10-12 boars § Second year of birth: 15-22 boars
• Cost of food/newborn piglets (8 months of birth) reproductive season § First year of birth : 12,4 kg/piglet § Second year of birth: 9,0- 11,6 kg/piglet
3.2.2 Techniques for raising wild boar from birth to 2 months old
This is a very important stage; good or bad farming results will directly affect the efficiency exploit the following ages:
• Breeding cages combined with raising piglets together
When selecting a location for rearing animals, it is essential to choose an area that receives ample sunlight, has good drainage, and is situated on higher ground Additionally, the surrounding environment should be tranquil, steering clear of noise from railways, airports, factories, and busy roads The design of the rearing area should include a closed cage for brooding and a designated playground to ensure sufficient space for the animals to thrive.
Wild boar age Cage (m 2 /boar) Playground (m 2 /boar)
The coop is well ventilated but must be kept warm The playground has a length of ~ 5 m for wild piglets run and dance instinctively unhindered The best playground is a biological
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In the initial 1-3 weeks, the nursery for wild boars should be lined with straw and adorned with leaves to ensure warmth and stability for their movement After three weeks, transitioning to materials like rice husk, dry sand, or shavings is recommended for the flooring Maintaining a suitable running environment is crucial, as keeping wild boars on hard, slippery surfaces can lead to leg deformities and dislocations, resulting in significant losses Encouraging movement not only aids in digestion but also enhances their resistance to diseases, making it essential to provide an appropriate habitat to minimize mortality rates during this critical stage.
After 24 hours of giving birth, the baby wild boar was brought in by the mother pig to incubate, the coat is not complete, the body temperature is poor so it has to be kept warm In addition to the umbilical cord no longer provides nutrition, so pigs are susceptible to cold when the temperature is low or the litter is not thick enough, leading to cold stomach that is difficult to digest, inflammation is the main cause of death in the first few weeks.
Table 1: Ensure the right temperature
Weeks old Temperature ( o C) Best humidity (%)
Just got to the barn 32-35 65-70
From 1 month of age, the piglets are trained to gradually adapt to outdoor conditions When brooding, always observe the animal's response to temperature If many animals stay away from the heater (lights) or open their mouth to breathe, the temperature should be reduced, conversely if many animals are gathered near the heat generating area, and the animals on the edge are shivering, it is a low temperature that needs to be increased When warm enough, wild boars move quickly or are scattered and sleep soundly Humidity of the barn is best kept at 65 - 70%.
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From birth to one month old, it is crucial to monitor and care for 8-12 piglets per brood Wild boar piglets have limited mobility and grow slowly; thus, any sudden disturbances can lead to panic, resulting in them trampling each other and sustaining injuries.
To enhance the feeding and growth of wild boars, it is essential to provide suitable light and movement, which aids in digestion and reduces disease When the weather is favorable and sunny, wild boars can be allowed outside for exercise, sunbathing, and practicing their eating habits starting at 20 days old Gradually increasing their outdoor time each day promotes their overall health and development.
One month old is free to exercise when the weather is good, but when it rains, it's bad so quickly bring them in the barn.
To ensure wild boars can easily eat and drink at night, maintain a light intensity of 3 w/m² As active runners, it is crucial for wild boars to have the opportunity to move early.
Despite the long history of domestication, the nutritional needs of wild boars remain a topic of ongoing research Providing balanced food portions tailored to their specific needs at various life stages is essential for optimal health and performance.
Table 2: Nutritional content in the diet
Fresh food for boars, not rancid, it's best to use pellets to eat without spilling.
Months old 0-1 month 1-2 3-6 7-12 13-24 months months months months
Feeding troughs are made of concrete or PVC pipes cut in half with edges, do not use troughs with sharp edges can cause foot injuries.
Drinking troughs designed for wild boar can effectively accommodate crockery pots or similar large-surface objects, allowing these animals to drink easily by licking It is essential to ensure that the water source remains clean and uncontaminated.
When caring for wild boars in their initial days, it's essential to provide them with cool or warm drinking water, ensuring they have access to it freely Additionally, consider placing a feeding trough to facilitate their feeding routine.
Wild boars that are 1-2 days old typically rest under a heating lamp By the third day, they begin to explore their cage, and from the twelfth day onward, they start eating It's crucial to provide fresh food, as the absence of it can lead to wild boars consuming chopped green vegetables, which may cause intestinal obstruction and potentially result in death For the first 30 days, these young boars should be fed six times a day to ensure proper growth and health.
31 - 60 days old feed 4 times/day
61 - 90 days old feed 2 - 3 times/day
To optimize the feeding method for wild boars, use separate troughs for pure food and green vegetables In the initial weeks, finely chopped young vegetables can be mixed with the feed to encourage the wild boar to consume more refined food A well-developed wild boar can effectively receive food and gain weight through this tailored feeding approach.
Table 3: Food intake ability and weight
Weeks old Weight Food Green food
(kg/boar) (g/boar/day) (g/boar/day)
3.3.3 Technique of raising wild boar for meat purposes
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After 3 months of age, wild boars in the direction of meat farming need to achieve maximum growth To achieve high economic efficiency, the slaughter weight of wild boar must reach 40-45 kg/boar.
The barn area should include a spacious playground measuring 2 x 6 meters, as wild boars are active animals that require ample space to move It is essential to have a sand-lined area outside the biological mattress, as wild boars enjoy taking mud baths to maintain their body hair and eliminate skin parasites Additionally, they love to bathe in the rain; without a sand cushion, rainwater can create muddy conditions that may lead to health issues The playground should also feature trees to provide shade from the sun, as wild boars primarily spend their time outdoors during this stage, making the playground a vital component of their environment.