Tổng ôn ngữ pháp tiếng anh

Nội dung sách Tổng ơn Ngữ Pháp Tiếng Anh Các chủ đề sách gồm: Thì động từ Sự phối Sự hài hịa chủ ngữ động từ Danh động từ Động từ nguyên mẫu Thức giả định Câu chủ động Câu điều kiện Động từ khuyết thiếu 10 Câu tường thuật 11 Câu hỏi đuôi 12 Mệnh đề quan hệ 13 Các loại mệnh đề 14 Mạo từ 15 Giới từ 16 Liên từ 17 Cụm động từ 18 Đảo ngữ 19 Các cấp so sánh 20 Trật tự tính từ 21 Cấu tạo từ 22 Từ số lượng 23 Cụm từ cố định 24 Thành ngữ 25 Cấu trúc tổng hợp 26 Phát âm – trọng âm 27 Tình giao tiếp 28 Sửa lỗi sai 29 Câu đồng nghĩa 30 Kết hợp câu CHUYÊN ĐỀ I: THÌ ĐỘNG TỪ A SUMMARIES OF TENSES Thì Cách dùng Thì đơn - diễn tả hành động thường xuyên xảy - diễn tả thói quen - diễn tả thời gian biểu, lịch trình, thơng báo - diễn tả thật, chân lí - diễn tả nghề nghiệp, sở thích, nguồn gốc, bình phẩm Cơng thức V(bare): I/ số nhiều V V(s/es): số S+V am: I be Từ nhận biết - seldom/ rarely/ hardly - sometimes/ occasionally - often/ usually/ frequently - always/ constantly - ever - never - every is: số are: số nhiều Thành lập phủ định nghi vấn: * V (do/does): (-): S + do/does + not + V(bare) (?): Do/does + S + V (bare)? * Be (am/ is/ are): (-): S + am/is/ are + not +………… (?): Am/is/are + S +………….? Thì khứ đơn Thì tương tai đơn Thì tiếp diễn Thì khứ tiếp diễn - diễn tả hành động xảy chấm dứt q khứ, khơng cịn liên quan tới - diễn tả hành động xảy nối tiếp khứ - diễn tả hồi ức, kỉ niệm - diễn tả hành động xảy tương lai - diễn tả dự đoán - diễn tả lời hứa - diễn tả hành động xảy thời điểm nói - diễn tả hành động xảy tương lai (có kế hoạch từ trước) - diễn tả thay đổi thói quen - diễn ta ca thán, phàn nàn - diễn tả hành động xảy thời điểm xác định khứ - diễn tả hành động xảy có hành động khác xen vào, hành động xảy trước chia khử Ved/V(cột 2) S+V was: số Be were: số nhiều Thành lập phủ định nghi vấn: * V(did): (-): S + did+ not+ V(bare) (?): Did + S +V (bare) +? * Be (was/were): (-): S + was/were + not +…… (?): Was/were + S + …….? S + will + V(bare) Thành lập phủ định nghi vấn: (-): S + will + not + V(bare) (?): Will + S + V (bare)? S+ am/is/are + V-ing Thành lập phủ định nghi vấn: (-): S + am/is/are + not + V-ing (?): Am/ is/ are + S + V-ing? S + was/were + Ving Thành lập phủ định nghi vấn: (-): S+ was/ were + not + V-ing (?): Was/ were + S+ V-ing? - ago - last - yesterday - in + mốc thời gian khứ (in 2000 ) - tomorrow - next - soon - in + khoảng thời gian (in an hour ) - now - at the moment - at present - right now - look /hear (!) - + trạng từ khứ (at pm yesterday ) - at this/that time + trạng từ khứ ( at this time last week ) Thì tương tai tiếp diễn Thì hồn thành Thì q khứ hồn thành Thì tương lai hồn thành 10 Thì hồn thành tiếp diễn 11 Thì q khứ hồn tiếp diễn, hành động xảy sau chia khứ đơn - diễn tả hành động diễn vào thời điểm cụ thể tương lai - diễn tả hành động xảy tương lai có hành động khác xen vào, hành động xảy trước chia tương lai tiếp diễn, hành động xảy sau chia đơn - diễn tả hành động xảy khứ không rõ thời gian - diễn tả hành động lặp lặp lại nhiều lần khứ - diễn tả hành động xảy khứ để lại dấu hiệu hậu - diễn tả trải nghiệm - diễn tả hành động xảy khứ kéo dài tới cịn có khả tiếp diễn tương lai - diễn tả hành động xảy hoàn thành trước hành động khác khứ S + will + be + Ving Thành lập phủ định nghi vẩn: (-): S + will + not + be + Ving (?): Will + S + be + Ving? - + trạng từ tương lai (at pm tomorrow ) - at this/that time + trạng từ tương lai (at this time next week ) S + have/ has + V(pp) (have: I / số nhiều has: số ít) Thành lập phủ định nghi vấn: (-): S+ have/ has + not + V(pp) (?): Have/ Has + S + V(pp)? - for - since - ever - never - so far - recently - lately - before (đứng cuối câu) - up to now/ up to present/ until now - yet - just - already S + had + V(pp) Thành lập phủ định nghi vấn: (-): S + had + not + V(pp) (?): Had + S + V(pp)? - before/by the time (trước chia khứ hoàn thành, sau chia khứ đơn) - after (trước chia khứ đơn, sau chia khứ hoàn thành) - diễn tả hành động hoàn thành trước hành động khác xảy đến - nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian hành độngD xảy khứ tiếp tục tới (có thể tiếp diễn tương lai) S + will + have + V(pp) Thành lập phủ định nghi vấn: (-): S + will + not + have + V(pp) (?): Will + S + have + V (pp)? S + have/has + been + Ving Thành lập phủ định nghi vấn: (-): S + have/has + not + been + V-ing (?): Have/has + S + been + V-ing? nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian hành động xảy khử kết thúc trước hành động khứ S + had + been + Ving Thành lập phủ định nghi vấn: (-): S + had + not + been + Ving (?): Had + S + been + Ving? - all day/week - almost every day this week - in the past year - until then - prior to that time thành tiếp diễn 12 Thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn khác nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian hành động xảy tương lai kết thúc trước hành động tương lai khác S + will + have + been + Ving Thành lập phủ định nghi vấn: (-): S + will + not + have + been + Ving (?): Will + S + have+ been + Ving? B PRACTICE EXERCISES I THE PRESENT TENSES Exercise : Complete the following sentences using the forms of present simple tense of verbs in brackets Question : The earth _(go) around the sun Question : Angela usually _(leave) for work at 8:00 A.M Question : Liz _(get up) at o’clock every morning Question : In the summer, John often _(play) tennis once or twice a week Question : What time you usually _(get) home after work? Question : The swimming pool _(open) at 9:00 and _(close) at 6:30 every day Question : Every year I _(visit) Britain to improve my English Question : In the United State, elementary education is compulsory All children _ (study) six years of elementary school Question : I _(not like) feel going to the library to study this afternoon Question 10 : American people usually _(have) their biggest meal in the evening Question 11 : - Can you tell me when the train for HCM city _(leave)? - In fifteen minutes At 7.05 Question 12 : Of course, you are Lisa, aren’t you? I _(recognize) you now Question 13 : I can see from what you say that your mornings are very busy! But what you (do) _in the afternoons? Question 14 : Before our director _(come back), I _(want) to remind everyone that we should not use the internet on personal purposes Question 15 : - Are you writing to him now? - Yes, I always _(write) to him on his birthday You _ (want) to send any message? - Certainly Exercise : Complete the following sentences using the forms of the present continuous tense of verbs in brackets Question : It _(rain) heavily now Question : My brother _(get) married next week Question : He is late again He always _(come) to class late Question : She _(take) the exam tomorrow Question : Look! It _(get) dark Hurry up! It _(rain) in a few minutes Question : Please don’t make so much noise I _(work) Question : I _(read) an interesting book at the moment I will lend it to you when I’ve finished it Question : Sarah _(work) this week? - No, she is on vacation Question : The population of the world _(rise) very fast Question 10 : I _(work) on the project of reconstructing city at present Question 11 : She is on vacation in France She _(have) a great time and doesn’t want to come back Question 12 : Tom _(look) for Ann Do you know where she is? Question 13 : I _(think) of my mother, who has devoted her whole life to our family Question 14 : It is time we turned on the central heating It _(get) colder every day Question 15 : -I _(go) out to get an evening paper - But it _(rain) - Why don’t you wait till the rain stops? Exercise : Complete the following sentences using the present perfect forms of the verbs in brackets Question : She _(learn) English for three years Question : I’m hungry I _(not eat) anything since breakfast Question : He never _(drive) a car before Question : We _(know) each other since we were at high school Question : Everything is going well We _(not have) any problem so far Question : I _(drink) four cups of coffee today Question : John _(live) in Denver since 2017 Question : - You ever _(climb) Mount Everest? - No, I haven’t But I’m sure I will, if I have a chance Question : It is nice to see you again We _(not see) each other for a long time Question 10 : I _(forget) my key I can’t unlock the door now Question 11 : Eric is calling his girlfriend again That is the third time he _(call) her this evening Question 12 : The police _(arrest) two men in connection with the robbery Question 13 : Susan really loves that film She _(see) it eight times! Question 14 : You already _(read) the book? What you think? Question 15 : I _(not go) to a zoo before It is a nice feeling to go somewhere you never _(be) before Exercise : Complete the following sentences using the present perfect continuous forms of the verbs in brackets Question : He _(wait) all the morning Question : Richard _(do) the same job for 20 years Question : I _(study) English for six months Question : Mike _(work) in Las Vegas for the last few months Question : It _(rain) since lunchtime Question : Helen _(read) this book for three days Question : Kevin _(look) for a job since he finished school Question : I’m tired of waiting I _(sit) here for one hour Question : He is exhausted because he _(work) continuously for more than twelve hours Question 10 : She _(sleep) for 10 hours! You must wake her Question 11 : He _(read) this book for two hours, but he hasn’t finished it yet Question 12 : That boy _(wait) for the bus for half an hour Shall I tell him that the last bus has already gone? Question 13 : They _(argue) very excitedly all this time Shall I come and interrupt them? Question 14 : What have you done with my bag? I _(look) for it for an hour and I haven’t found it yet Question 15 : I _(think) over what you said since yesterday Exercise : Choose the best word or phrase to complete in the following questions Question : We can go out now It _anymore A isn’t raining B rains C has rained D has been raining Question : What _in your spare time? Do you have any hobbies? A have you done B are you doing C you D have you been doing Question : Mary usually _me on Fridays, but she didn’t call last Friday A have been calling B calls C is calling D have called Question : I _hungry Let’s have something to eat A am feeling B have felt C feel D have been feeling Question : What is that noise? What _? A have been happening B is happening C have happened D had happened Question : It’s usually dry here at this time of the year It _much A isn’t raining B hasn’t rained C hasn’t been raining D doesn’t rain Question : Look! That man over there _the same sweater as you A has worn B is wearing C wears D have been wearing Question : I wonder why Jim _so nice to me today He isn’t usually like that A is being B have been C is D have being Question : Mary wasn’t happy with her new job at first, but she _to like it now A begins B have begun C is beginning D have been beginning Question 10 : This is a nice restaurant, isn’t it? Is this the first time you _here? A are B have been C are being D have being Question 11 : I need a new job I _the same job for too long A are doing B have done C have been doing D Question 12 : “You look tired” “Yes, I _basketball” A plays B is playing C have played D have been playing Question 13 : I would like to see Tina again It’s been a long time _ A that I didn’t see her B for I didn’t see her C since I saw her D until I saw her Question 14 : Bod and Alice have been married _ A that 20 years B since 20 years C when 20 years D for 20 years Question 15 : - I am looking for Paul You _him? - Yes, he was here a minute ago A Have - seen B Did - see C Do - see D Is - seeing Question 16 : Unless she _extra, she will not complete the work A is paying B have been paying C pays D is paid Question 17 : The house at the end of the street which _empty for years has been sold A is B have been C is being D has been Question 18 : All right, you’ll try to fix the television! But I _you know what you’re doing A hope B have hoped C is hoping D have been hoping Question 19 : Who _at the door? A knock B is knocking C have been knocking D have knocked Question 20 : How long it _you to get to the library? A does - take B have - taken C is - taking D have - been taking Question 21 : Many girls want to go to the pub while only a minority _to watch TV at home now A is wanting B want C will want D wants Question 22 : They’ve faxed me I should stay till they _a replacement Well, last time it took two weeks A found B will find C find D had found Question 23 : Let’s have some tea It _chilly A gets B is getting C have gotten D have been getting Question 24 : Don’t talk to him while he _ A have been reading B reads C is reading D have read Question 25 : Ann wants to see you You _here for ages! A have been B are C had been D are being Question 26 : - Your house is very beautiful How long you _here? - Nearly ten years A did - live B have - been living C - live D is - living Question 27 : I _to the movies for ages We used to go a lot A haven’t gone B didn’t go C isn’t going D hadn’t gone Question 28 : Why are you putting on your coat? You _out? A Do - go B Have - gone C Had - gone D Are - going Question 29 : Look! That plane _toward the airport It is going to land A flies B have flown C is flying D will fly Question 30 : Ann is very tired She _tennis for three hours A is playing B will play C plays D has been playing Question 31 : He works in a bank, but he _it very much A doesn’t enjoy B haven’t enjoyed C didn’t enjoy D hadn’t enjoyed Question 32 : I _well lately Maybe I should go to the doctor A didn’t feel B won’t feel C haven’t been feeling D am not feeling Question 33 : I _my homework for two hours, but I _yet A have done - haven’t finished B is doing - isn’t finishing C will - will not finish D have been doing - haven’t finished Question 34 : Let’s take our travel chess set in case we _bored on the train A get B are getting C got D have got Question 35 : We _get in touch with our customers by post A recently B hardly C lately D latterly Question 36 : We have been married _ A over twenty years B over twenty years ago C for over twenty years D since over twenty years Question 37 : Melanie _her hand It’s bleeding heavily A has cut B is cutting C cut D cuts Question 38 : “When will Mary be able to leave hospital?” - “Don’t be so impatient We cannot release her before we _the last test.” A have completed B will have completed C will complete D completed Question 39 : The Amazon River _into the Atlantic Ocean A flows B has flowed C is flowing D will flow Question 40 : My parents live in _London They _there _all their lives A are living B had lived C have lived D will live Question 41 : Where have you been? I _for you for the last half hour A am looking B have been looking C will be looking D look Question 42 : My brother is an actor He _in several movies A appeared B had appeared C has appeared D appears Question 43 : Please don’t bother him now He _ A is working B has been working C had been working D was working Question 44 : I _an interesting book at the moment I will lend it to you when I _it A am reading - have finished B read - am finishing C have read - am finishing D read - will finish Question 45 : Ha never _fishing in the winter but she always _it in the summer A goes - does B has gone - done C go - D was gone - done Question 46 : We can win only if we remain united, so we must support them the moment they _on strike A will have gone B will go C go D went Question 47 : I am sorry I _that fellow’s name already A forgot B have forgotten C have been forgetting D forget Question 48 : It usually _very much in that part of the United States A is raining B rained C rains D have rained Question 49 : Look! A man _after the train He wants to catch it A runs B have been running C will run D is running TEST I Exercise : Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions Question : Hoang _his email four times a week in order not to miss anything important A checks B will check C is checking D check Question : Nowadays, people _social networks with more and more caution A uses B are using C used D use Question : At the moment, my sister _her homework, my brother _games A is making - is playing B is doing - is playing C does - plays D makes - is playing Question : It’s 7.00 p.m now and we _meal together We usually _dinner at that time A have - eat B have - are eating C are having - eat D are having - are eating Question : I _a bike to school every day but today I _to school by bus because it was stolen yesterday A rode - went B ride - am going C ride - go D is riding - am going Question : That Hoa _in class affects other students around A always talk B is always talking C always talks D always talking Question : Hoang and Phong _football as they’re having class now A don’t play B are playing C doesn’t play D aren’t playing Question : Hoa usually _charge of doing the washing-up in her family A takes B is taking C take D will take Question : Our friends _for the fashion show now A is preparing B are preparing C prepares D prepare Question 10 : All staff in this restaurant _an urgent meeting right now A are attending B is attending C attends D attend Question 11 : After the physics lesson, the children know that water _at 100 Degrees C A will boil B is boiling C boils D boil Question 12 : My mom _to the supermarket every Sunday for shopping A goes B go C is going D are going Question 13 : Look! Minh _on stage She looks so beautiful A sings B are singing C is singing D sang Question 14 : Bich sometimes _chicken noodle soup for breakfast A are having B is having C have D has Question 15 : Who _the guitar in that room, Hoa? A playing B is playing C play D plays Question 16 : Jenny often _jeans and T-shirt at school but she _a gorgeous dress today A wears - is wearing B is wearing - wears C wear - is wearing D wears - wears Question 17 : First thing in the morning, I _a cup of milk tea A has B am having C have D will have Question 18 : Ms Kim _very well when she’s under pressure A not work B don’t work C isn’t working D doesn’t work Question 19 : I’m sorry Lan is busy now She _her document on the second floor A are checking B check C checks D is checking Question 20 : Hurry up, Linh Other friends _for us A are waiting B waits C wait D is waiting Question 21 : My clothes are not in the room They _them away A take B have taken C took D are taking Question 22 : She _for 10 hours! You must wake her up A sleeps B is sleeping C has been sleeping D slept Question 23 : David _the TV set at the moment He _at it for one hour or so A is repairing/ has worked B repairs/has been working C has repaired/has been working D repairs/worked Question 24 : David _his hands He just _the TV set A washes/has just repaired B is washing/has just been repairing C is washing/ has just repaired D has washed/ has just repaired Question 25 : Why _? _you his anecdotes? A are you laughing/has Jim told B are you laughing/has Jim been telling C have you laughed/ has Jim told D have you laughed/ has Jim been telling II THE PAST TENSES Exercise : Complete the following sentences using the past simple forms of the verbs in brackets Question : I _(lose) my key yesterday Question : People _(build) this school in 2001 Question : Last year, my father _(promise) to buy my sister a piano She _(be) very delighted to hear this Question : It _(be) very hot last summer Question : I _(walk) home after the party last night Question : The Chinese _(invent) printing Question : Sam and I _(play) tennis yesterday He was much better than I was, so he _(win) easily Question : My grandpa _(die) 30 years ago I never _(meet) him Question : - You _(go) to the movies last night? - Yes, but it _(be) a mistake The movie _(be) awful Question 10 : When I _(get) home last night, I _(be) very tired, so I _(go) straight to the bed Question 11 : Diane _(use) to travel a lot These days she doesn’t take many trips Question 12 : - When Joe and Carol _(meet) each other? - They first _(meet) when they _(be) in high school Question 13 : When Sarah _(get) to the party last night, Eric had already gone home Question 14 : I _(ring) you up two days ago but I _(get) no answer Where you _(be)? Question 15 : When I _(be) small, I often _(play) with a doll Exercise : Complete the following sentences using the past continuous forms of the verbs in brackets Question : This time last year I _(live) in Brazil Question : What you _(do) at 10:00 last night? Question : At that time yesterday, I _(write) a letter Question : She _(learn) English at school at 7:45 yesterday morning Question : - What you _(do) at this time last night? - I was asleep Question : Matt burned his hand while he _(cook) lunch Question : I saw you in the park yesterday You _(sit) on the grass and _(read) a book Question : When I came home, my mother _(prepare) the meal Question : Jane _(wait) for me when I arrived Question 10 : Yesterday evening, while my mother _(cook) in the kitchen, my father _(watch) the news on TV Question 11 : Just as I _(leave) the house, I heard an explosion from the inside the lab Question 12 : When Beth arrived, we _(have) dinner Question 13 : Why didn’t you listen to me while I (talk) _with you? Question 14 : Michiko couldn’t come to the phone when the director called her because she _(work) in the factory Question 15 : I _(enjoy) the party, but Chris wanted to go home Exercise : Complete the following sentences using the past perfect forms of the verbs in brackets Question : Before Sarah arrived, Eric _(go) home Question : When Jane arrived at the theater, the film _(start) Question : He thanked me for everything I _(do) for him Question : After Angelia _(eat) the cake, she began to feel sick Question : When he went out to play, he _(do already) his homework Question : They _(be) married for two years or so when Roy employed a very attractive Indian secretary in his Glasgow office Question : Linda _(not study) for the exam, so she was very anxious Question : I couldn’t go into the cinema because I _(not bring) my tickets Question : The man sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous He never _(fly) before Question 10 : The tornado knocked down the tree that we _(plant) Question 11 : Laura _(not/use) smartphone before, so I showed her how to use it Question 12 : We weren’t hungry We _(just have) lunch Question 13 : We didn’t really want to go and see the film again We _(already see) it twice - so we said “no” and we went to a shopping mall instead! Question 14 : When thieves stole my favorite feather wallet, I was really upset I _(have) it for over five years Question 15 : Before going to the meeting, he _(consult) with his lawyers Exercise 10 : Complete the following sentences using the past perfect continuous forms of the verbs in brackets Question : We _(play) tennis for about an hour when it started to rain heavily Question : I was very tired when I got home I _(work) hard all day Question : At last the bus came He _(wait) for 20 minutes Question : Jim quit drinking coffee two years ago He _(drink) coffee for 20 years Question : She was out of breath She _(run) Question : It wasn’t raining when we went out The sun was shining But it _ (rain), so the ground was wet Question : We were extremely tired at the end of our trip We _(travel) for more than 24 hours Question : I was exhausted at the end of the test I _(write) for over three hours Question : The orchestra _(play) for 30 minutes when a man in audience suddenly began shouting Question 10 : At the time the factory closed down, Sarah _(work) there for five years Question 11 : - She _(watch) TV for hours before she went to eat dinner? Question 12 : She was very upset because I was late and she _(wait) for a very long time Question 13 : When the boys came into the house, their clothes were dirty, their hair was messy and one of them had a black eye They _(fight) Question 14 : It was a bit discomfort to arrive at their house and found Liz looking so depressed I think she _(cry) before I got there Question 15 : I _(learn) Germany for years and then decided to give it up Exercise 11 : Choose the best word or phrase to complete in the following questions Question : She passed her examination because she _very hard A studied B was studying C had been studying D studies Question : You _out last night or were you tired? A Did - went B Had - gone C Did - go D Had - been going Question : This time yesterday I _tennis with my classmates A played B was playing C had played D would play Question : Nicole _television a lot when she _sick last year A watched - was B had watched - had been C was watching - was D had been watching - was Question : Mary _home when she met Dave A came B had come C had been coming D was coming Question : The doorbell _while I _a shower A was ringing - took B rang - was taking His academic record at high school was poor because he didn’t apply to that prestigious university His academic record at high school was poor, as a result, he failed to apply to that prestigious university Question 52: Dad's car is very old He can't afford to buy a new one Dad's car is very old, but he can't afford to buy a new one Dad's car is very old, so he can't afford to buy a new one Dad can't afford to buy a new one just as his car is very old Dad's car is very old, though he can't afford to buy a new one Question 53: William Clark was not granted the rank of captain Captain Lewis more or less ignored this and treated Clark as his equal in authority and rank William Clark was not granted the rank of captain because Captain Lewis more or less ignored this and treated Clark as his equal in authority and rank William Clark was not granted the rank of captain, thus Captain Lewis more or less ignored this and treated Clark as his equal in authority and rank Although William Clark was not granted the rank of captain, Captain Lewis more or less Ignored this and treated Clark as his equal in authority and rank As William Clark was not granted the rank of captain, Captain Lewis more or less ignored this and treated Clark as his equal in authority and rank Question 54: The taxi driver ignored the stop sign Then, he crashed his vehicle If the taxi driver ignored the stop sign, he crashed his vehicle Unless the taxi driver paid attention to the stop sign, he would have crashed his vehicle The taxi driver would not have crashed his vehicle if he had taken notice of the stop sign The taxi driver didn’t ignore the stop sign, or he would not have crashed his vehicle Question 55: She is so attractive Many boys run after her So attractive is she many boys that run after her So attractive is she that many boys run after her So attractive she is that many boys run after her So that attractive she is many boys that run after her Question 56: George graduated with a good degree However, he joined the ranks of the unemployed If George graduated with a good degree, he would join the ranks of the unemployed George joined the ranks of the unemployed because he graduated with a good degree Although George graduated with a good degree, he joined the ranks of the unemployed That George graduated with a good degree helped him join the ranks of the unemployed Question 57: He must have canceled his e-mail account I can’t get hold of him Since I’m unable to get in contact with him, it seems certain that he’s closed his email account If no one is able to get in contact with him, he ought to get an e-mail account for himself I must have got his e-mail address wrong, because he’s not giving me any reply He may have closed his e-mail account, but I won’t know for sure until I get in touch with him Question 58: He is very intelligent He can solve all the problems in no time An intelligent student is he that he can solve all the problems in no time He is very intelligent that he can solve all the problems in no time Such intelligent a student is he that he can solve all the problems in no time So intelligent is he that he can solve all the problems in no time Question 59: He didn’t take his father’s advice That’s why he is out of work now If he took his father’s advice, he would not be out of work now If he had taken his father’s advice, he would not have been out of work now If he had taken his father’s advice, he would not be out of work now If he takes his father’s advice, he will not be out of work now Exercise 1.2: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions Question 1: The plan may be ingenious It will never work in practice Ingenious as it may be, the plan will never work in practice Ingenious as may the plan, it will never work in practice The plan may be too ingenious to work in practice The plan is as impractical as it is ingenious Question 2: We haven't received any reply to our letter It is such an insult We see it an insult to have received no reply to our letter We haven't received any reply to our letter yet because it is insulting We have been insulted by the reply to our letter We don't find it insulting for not receiving any reply to our letter Question 3: Pete had acquired the money through hard work He was reluctant to give it away Having acquired the money through hard work, Pete was reluctant to give it away Although Pete had acquired the money through hard work, he was reluctant to give it away Having worked hard to earn the money, it couldn't be given away by Pete Pete had acquired the money through hard work so that he was reluctant to give it away Question 4: She gave in her notice She planned to start her new job in January She gave in her notice, plan to start her new job in January She gave in her notice with a view to starting her new job in January Her notice was given in with an aim to start her new job in January Her notice was given in order for her to start her new job in January Question 5: She was the first woman in the Philippines She was elected as the president of the country She was the first woman who is elected as the president of the Philippines She was the first woman elected as the president of the Philippines She was the first woman being elected as the president of the Philippines She was the first woman to be elected as the president of the Philippines Question 6: We arrived at the conference Then we realized that our reports were still at home No sooner had we realized that our reports were at home than we arrived at the conference Only after we arrived at the conference did we realize that our reports were still at home Not until we arrived at the conference that we realized that our reports were still at home Hardly had we arrived at the conference that we realized that our reports were still at home Question 7: We spend about one-third of our lives sleeping We know relatively little about sleep We know relatively little about sleep; as a result, we spend about one-third of our lives sleeping We spend about one-third of our lives sleeping so that we know relatively little about sleep Despite spending about one-third of our lives sleeping, we know relatively little about sleep We shall know more about sleep if we spend more than one-third of our lives sleeping Question 8: I left the office There was a power cut just then I left the office after there was a power cut Hardly I had left the office when there was a power cut No sooner had I left the office than there was a power cut I left the office long before there was a power cut Question 9: My sisters used to get on with each other Now they hardly speak My sisters rarely speak because they have never liked each other Because they have never got on, my sisters not speak to each other My sisters were once close, but they rarely speak to each other now My sisters not speak to each other much, but they are good friends Question 10: We should quickly find a solution to the problem Otherwise, its impact on those concerned will increase If we can solve this problem soon, we will lower the impact on all of our concerns The sooner we find a solution to the problem, the lower the impact it has on those concerned If all those concerned lower their impact, the problem will be better solved By the time we solve this problem, the impact on those concerned will have been lower Question 11: I lent him some money I wanted him to continue his study at college I lent him some money so that to continue his study at college I lent him some money for him continue his study at college I lent him some money so as he will continue his study at college I lent him some money in order that he could continue his study at college Question 12: The driver in front stopped so suddenly Therefore, the accident happened If the driver in front didn't stop so suddenly, the accident wouldn't happen If the driver in front hadn't stopped so suddenly, the accident would have happened If the driver in front hadn't stopped so suddenly, the accident wouldn't have happened If the driver in front had stopped so suddenly, the accident would have happened Question 13: They finished one project They started working on the next Not until did they start working on the next project then they finished one Hardly had they finished one project when they started working on the next Only if they had finished one project did they start working on the next Had they finished one project, they would have started working on the next Question 14: The proposal seemed like a good idea The manager refused it Since the proposal seemed like a good idea, the manager refused it The manager refused the proposal though it seemed like a good idea The proposal didn’t seem like a good idea, so the manager didn’t accept it The manager didn’t like to proposal because it didn’t seem a good idea Question 15: You have to finish this work You don't want to it though Although you have to finish this work, you should want to it As you don't feel like doing this work, you have to finish it You have to finish this work, however much you don't feel like doing it Unless you want to it, you don't have to finish this work Question 16 ; She fell over in the last minutes She didn't win the race If she didn't fall over in the last minutes, she would win the race She didn't win the race even though she fell over in the last minutes Not having won the race, she fell over in the last minutes She could have won the race if she hadn't fallen over in the last minutes Question 17: Greenpeace has realized the seriousness of environmental pollution It urges the government worldwide to take action soon Having realized the seriousness of environmental pollution, Greenpeace urges the government worldwide to take action soon Greenpeace has realized the seriousness of environmental pollution so that it urges the government worldwide to take action soon Greenpeace has realized the seriousness of environmental pollution whereas it urges the government worldwide to take action soon Realized the seriousness of environmental pollution, or else Greenpeace urges the government worldwide to take action soon Question 18: Not many students get high scores today The tests are too hard If the tests today were easy, more students would get high scores Not all students would get high scores with such easy tests Unless the tests were easy, no students could get high scores The tests are difficult, but all students will get high scores Question 19: Susan didn’t apply for the summer job in the cafe She now regrets it Susan wishes that she applied for the summer job in the cafe Susan feels regret because she didn’t apply for the summer job in the cafe If only Susan didn’t apply for the summer job in the cafe Susan wishes that she had applied for the summer job in the cafe Question 20: The Prime Minister failed to explain the cause of the economic crisis He did not offer any solutions Although the Prime Minister explained the cause of the economic crisis, he failed to offer any solutions Not only did the Prime Minister explain the cause of the economic crisis, but he also offered solutions The Prime Minister offered some solutions based on the explanation of the cause of the economic crisis The Prime Minister didn’t explain the cause of the economic crisis, nor did he offer any solutions Question 21: I accepted the new job after all It is making me feel exhausted If it had not been for my acceptance the new job offer, I wouldn’t have felt exhausted Perhaps it would have been better if I hadn’t agreed to this new job since it is so boring It is of deep regret that I didn’t turn down the job offer due to its hardship and long hour work Perhaps I shouldn’t have accepted this new job, as it’s making me feel exhausted Question 22: He spent all his money He even borrowed some from me Not only did he spent all his money but also he borrowed some from me Hardly had he borrowed some money from me when he spent it all Not only did he spend all his money but he borrowed some from me as well As soon as he borrowed some money from me, he spent it all Question 23: He felt very tired However, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain Tired as he might feel, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain As the result of his tiredness, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain Feeling very tired, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain He felt so tired that he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain Question 24: He behaved in a very strange way That surprised me a lot He behaved very strangely, which surprised me very much I was almost not surprised by his strange behavior What almost surprised me was the strange way he behaved His behavior was a very strange thing, that surprised me a lot Question 25: They are my two sisters They aren’t teachers like me They are my two sisters, neither of whom are teachers like me They are my two sisters, who neither are teachers like me Unlike me, neither of my two sisters are not teachers They are my two sisters, both of those are teachers like me Question 26: He had just entered the house The police arrested him at once Hardly he had entered the house when the police arrested him Immediately had he entered the house when the police arrested him The police immediately arrested him as soon as he’s entered the house No sooner had he entered the house than the police arrested him Question 27: Jack was suspected to have stolen credit cards The police have investigated him for days Suspected to have stolen credit cards, Jack has been investigated for days Suspected to have stolen credit cards, Jack has investigated for days Having suspected to have stolen credit cards, Jack has been investigated for days Jack has investigated for days, suspected to have stolen credit cards Question 28: You may be very intelligent You should be careful about what you are going to No matter why intelligent you may be, you should be careful about what you are going to No matter what intelligent you may be, you should be careful about what you are going to No matter how intelligent you may be, you should be careful about what you are going to No matter whatever intelligent you may be, you should be careful about what you are going to Question 29: My sister didn’t leave the house key As a result, I can’t be cooking lunch now If my sister have left the house key, I could have been cooking lunch now If my sister had left the house key, I could have been cooking lunch now If my sister had left the house key, I could be cooking lunch now If my sister left the house key, I could be cooking lunch now Question 30: He was overconfident Therefore, he ruined our plan completely It was because his overconfidence that ruined our plan completely He was overconfident, which ruined our plan completely That he was overconfidence ruined our plan completely It was his overconfidence ruined our plan completely Question 31: It was a kind of accident Nobody was really to blame for it It was a kind of accident, which nobody was really to blame for It was a kind of accident for whom was really to blame it It was a kind of accident for which nobody was really to blame it It was a kind of accident for which nobody was really to blame Question 32: The 2022 FIFA World Cup is an important competition in international football Almost everyone around the world is looking forward to it The 2022 FIFA World Cup is so important a competition in international football that almost everyone around the world is looking forward to it The 2022 FIFA World Cup is too important a competition in international football that almost everyone around the world to look forward to it So important is the 2022 FIFA World Cup competition in international football that almost everyone around the world is looking forward to The 2022 FIFA World Cup is such important competition in international football that almost everyone around the world is looking forward to it Question 33: I arrived at work The assistant knocked at the door Hardly had I arrived at work then the assistant knocked at the door No sooner had I arrived at work than the assistant knocked at the door I hardly knew the assistant knocked at the door as I just arrived at work I had to arrive at work as the assistant knocked at the door Question 34: She didn’t take her father’s advice That’s why she is bored with her work If she took her father’s advice, she wouldn’t be bored with her work If she had taken her father’s advice, she wouldn’t have been bored with her work If she had taken her father’s advice, she wouldn’t be bored with her work If she takes her father’s advice, she won’t be bored with her work Question 35: I strongly disapproved of your behavior But I will help you this time Despite of my strong disapproval of your behavior, I will help you this time Despite my strong disapproval of your behavior, I will help you this time Because of you behavior, I will help you this time Although I strongly disapproved of your behavior, but I will help you this time Question 36: You don't try to work hard You will fail in the exam Unless you don’t try to work hard, you will fail in the exam Unless you try to work hard, you won’t fail in the exam Unless you try to work hard, you will fail in the exam Unless you try to work hard, you will fail in the exam Question 37: Marry loved her stuffed animal when she was young She couldn’t sleep without it When Mary was young, she loved her stuffed animal so as not to sleep without it As Marry couldn’t sleep without her stuffed animal when she was young, she loved it When Marry was young, she loved her stuffed animal so much that she couldn’t sleep without it When Marry was young, she loved her stuffed animal though she couldn’t sleep without it Question 38: "Cigarette?", he said "No, thanks." I said He asked for a cigarette, and I immediately refused He mentioned a cigarette, so I thanked him He offered me a cigarette, but I promptly declined He asked if I was smoking, and I denied at once Question 39: Having been informed of her critical condition, he decided not to tell her his financial problem He told her about his money issue because he was in critical condition He did not mention his financial problem as he was aware of her critical condition Someone informed her that he was having a financial problem when she was in critical condition Despite knowing her critical condition, he talked about his financial problem Question 40: They have lived near a chemical plant for many years Some villagers have now developed cancer Because of the fact having lived near a chemical plant for, some villagers have now developed cancer Because they have lived near a chemical plant for many years so some villagers have now developed cancer Living near a chemical plant for many years, some villagers have now developed cancer Having lived near a chemical plant for many years, some villagers have now developed cancer Question 41: Visitors come to the museum to admire the relics They were excavated from the ancient tombs Visitors come to the museum to be admired with the relics that were excavated from the ancient tombs Having been excavated from the ancient tombs, the relics attract attention from the public a lot Visitors come to the museum to admire the relics excavated from the ancient tombs Excavated from the ancient tombs, visitors come to the museum to admire the relics Question 42: The burglar might come back You’d better change all the locks If you don’t change all the locks, the burglar could come back The burglar will come back unless you change all the locks You’d better change all the locks or the burglar will come back You’d better change all the locks in case the burglar will come back Question 43: My personal opinion doesn’t really matter You need to decide for the good of everyone Though my personal opinion really matters, we need to decide for the good for everyone Deciding for the good of everyone makes our personal opinion not really matter at all We need to decide for the good for everyone, so my personal opinion doesn’t really matter If my personal opinion doesn’t really matter, we need to decide for the good of everyone Question 44: We cut down many forests The Earth becomes hot The more forests we cut down, the hotter the Earth becomes The more forests we cut down, the Earth becomes hotter The more we cut down forests, the hotter the Earth becomes The more we cut down forests, the Earth becomes hotter Question 45: Jenifer missed her chance to be promoted What a shame! Jenifer regretted having wasted her chance to be promoted Despite feeling ashamed, Jenifer lost her chance of promotion If only Jenifer has seized her chance of promotion That Jenifer missed her chance to be promoted is shameful Question 46: They left the concert hall The fire alarm went off right afterwards They left the concert hall just as the fire alarm went off The fire alarm had gone off before they left the concert hall They were leaving the concert hall when the fire alarm went off No sooner had they left the concert hall than the fire alarm went off Question 47: Quang won a scholarship We are excited about that fact The fact being excited us had won Qunag a scholarship Quang’s excited about a scholarship’s having won us We’re excited about Quang’s having won a scholarship We won Quang’s excitement about the fact of a scholarship Question 48: Just after the play started there was a power failure No earlier had the play started than there was a power failure Hardly did the play start then there was a power failure No sooner did the play start before there was a power failure Hardly had the play started when there was a power failure Question 49: Lee gave up her job She planned to continue her education Lee’s education was interrupted since she wanted to find a job Lee gave up her job with the aim at continuing her education Lee gave up her job in case she continued her education Lee gave up her job with a view to continuing her education Question 50: This is a rare opportunity You should take advantage of it to get a better job You should take advantage of this rare opportunity, for which is to get a better job This is a rare opportunity what you should take advantage of to get a better job You should take advantage of this opportunity, that is rare to get a better job This is a rare opportunity that you should take advantage of to get a better job Question 51: The student next to me kept chewing gum That bothered me a lot The students next to me kept chewing gum, that bothered me a lot The students next to me kept chewing gum, which bothered me a lot The students next to me kept chewing gum, bothering me a lot The students next to me kept chewing gum bothered me a lot Question 52: I write to my friends overseas regularly I don’t want to lose touch with them It is important for me to send letters to my friends abroad to keep them up to date on events in my life I keep in touch with my friends in foreign countries by writing to them from time to time My friends try not to lose contact with me by writing very often In order to not lose touch with my friends abroad, I write to them on a regular basis Question 53: No member in the team came to his birthday party But Julia did come Every member in the team came to his birthday party Not only did Julia come to his birthday party but also other members did Julia was the only member in the team to come to his birthday party Julia was one of the members who came to his birthday party Question 54: I had never seen her before However, I recognized her from a photograph Although I had never seen her before, I recognized her from a photograph I recognized her from a photograph before I had never seen her Although I had never seen her before but I recognized her from a photograph After I had seen her, I recognized her from a photograph Question 55: He didn’t study much He didn’t pass the end-of-term test He studied so few that he didn’t pass the end-of-term test He didn’t study hard enough for to pass the end-of-term test He didn’t pass the end-of-term test because didn’t study much He didn’t study enough to pass the end-of-term test Question 56: Kate immediately phoned her boyfriend and told him the unexpected news She was surprised at it Kate immediately phoned her boyfriend and told him the unexpected news, which she was surprised Kate immediately phoned her boyfriend and told him, surprising by the unexpected news Surprised to hear the unexpected news, Kate phoned her boyfriend and told him immediately Surprised as she was to hear the news, Kate phoned her boyfriend and told him immediately Question 57: Most scientists know him well However, very few ordinary people have heard of him He is the only scientist that is not known to the general public Not only scientists but also the general public know him as a big name Although he is well known to scientists, he is little known to the general public Many ordinary people know him better than most scientists Question 58: She was irritated by her husband's lack of punctuality She left him Being irritating by her husband's lack of punctuality, she left him She left her husband because of her irritation with his lack of punctuality Irritated by her husband, she punctually left him Irritating with her husband's lack of punctuality, she left him Question 59: The agreement ended six-month negotiation It was signed yesterday The agreement which ends six-month negotiation was signed yesterday The agreement which was signed yesterday ended six-month negotiation The agreement which was signed yesterday lasted six months The negotiation which lasted six months was signed yesterday Exercise 1.3: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions Question 1: Companies spend millions of dollars on advertising They want to increase their sales Companies spend millions of dollars on advertising so that they want to increase their sales Companies spend millions of dollars on advertising, but they want to increase their sales Companies spend millions of dollars on advertising with the aim of increasing their sales In order that they want to increase their sales, companies spend millions of dollars on advertising Question 2: I whispered I didn't want anybody else to hear our conversation I whispered so nobody could hear our conversation I whispered so that somebody could not hear our conversation I whispered so that nobody could not hear our conversation I whispered so that nobody could hear our conversation Question 3: The girl is talking to a man with a ponytail She is my friend The girl who is talking to a man with a ponytail is my friend The girl, whom a man with a ponytail is talking to, is my friend My friend is the girl, who is talking to a man with a ponytail The girl, who is talking to a man with a ponytail, is my friend Question 4: The winds were very strong The trees were uprooted So strong were the winds that the trees were uprooted The winds were strong that the trees were uprooted So were the winds strong that the trees were uprooted So strong the winds were that the trees were uprooted Question 5: She doesn't want to go to their party We don't want to go either Neither she nor we don't want to go to their party Neither we nor she wants to go to their party Either we or she doesn't want to go to their party Neither we nor she want to go to their party Question 6: The traffic accident caused a traffic jam The traffic jam lasted hours The two-hour traffic jam was brought about by the traffic accident It was the two-hour traffic jam that caused the traffic accident There was a traffic accident caused by a two-hour traffic jam If there weren’t that traffic accident, there wouldn’t be the two-hour traffic jam Question 7: All possible means have been used to prevent air pollution The sky is still not clear Every possible means has been used to prevent air pollution so that the sky can be clearer The sky is still not clear due to the fact that all possible means have been used to prevent air pollution To prevent air pollution, every possible means has been used, and so the sky is still not clear Every possible means has been used to prevent air pollution, yet the sky is still not clear Question 8: The boss scolded Laura for that minor mistake He now feels really bad about it The boss wishes he did not scold Laura for that minor mistake The boss wishes Laura had not made that minor mistake If only the boss had not scolded Laura for that minor mistake The boss regretted to scold Laura for that minor mistake Question 9: Olga was about to say something about the end of the movie He was stopped by his friends right then Hardly had Olga intended to say something about the end of the movie before he was stopped by his friends Only after Olga had said something about the end of the movie was he stopped by his friends Were it not for Olga’s intension of saying something about the end of the movie, he would not be stopped by his friends It was not until Olga was stopped by his friends that he started to say something about the end of the movie Question 10: I didn’t get admitted to Harvard University It would have been fantastic otherwise That I got admitted to Harvard University was fantastic If only I gained admission to Harvard University I regretted having been admitted to Harvard University I wish I had gained admission to Harvard University Question 11: John got a terminal illness He couldn’t get out of the bed on his own Such was John’s illness that he could never get out of the bed on his own John’s illness is too terminal for him to get out of the bed on his own Were it not for his terminal illness, John would be able to get out of bed on his own No sooner had John’s illness got terminal than he could not get out of the bed on his own Question 12: The snowfall was so heavy All the trains were delayed Had it been for heavy snowfall, all the trains would have been delayed Only by a snowfall was heavy did all the trains were delayed So heavy was the snowfall that all the trains were delayed Not until all the trains were delayed was the snowfall heavy Question 13: I didn’t come to his wedding party last week I feel sorry for that I wish I came to his wedding party last week I would prefer having come to his wedding party last week I would rather to have come to his wedding party last week I would sooner have come to his wedding party last week Question 14: They encouraged him a lot in the competition He didn’t give up because of that Having encouraged considerably during the competition, he didn’t stop trying But for their great encouragement in the competition, he would have given up Their great encouragement made it impossible for him to be in great despair Provided that they have encouraged him, he couldn’t have thought of giving up Question 15: His wife gave birth to their first child He understood what true responsibility meant Never has he understood true responsibility before he became a parent himself Were his first child not to be bom, he wouldn’t understand true responsibility Hardly had he understood true responsibility when their first child was bom Not until he became a parent did he understand what true responsibility meant Question 16: Marie didn’t turn up at John’s birthday party I feel so sorry for that If only Marie turn up at John’s birthday party I wish Marie had turned up at John’s birthday party I wished Marie wouldn’t turn up at John’s birthday party It’s a shame Marie had turned up at John’s birthday party Question 17: Their team performed excellently at the elimination tournament They didn’t win the trophy nevertheless Subsequent to their performance at the elimination tournament, they afraid to win the trophy excellently Were it not for their excellent performance at the elimination tournament, they wouldn’t have won the trophy Notwithstanding their excellent performance at the elimination tournament, they didn’t win the trophy Given that they didn’t win the trophy, their performance at the elimination tournament was however excellent Question 18: The children were attracted by the show It was performed by the animals The children were attracted by the show performed by the animals Performing by the animals, the show attracted the children The children were attracted by the show to have been performed by the animals The children attracted by the show which was performed by the animals Question 19: The essay is too short It can’t be given a high grade It is too short an essay to earn a high grade The essay needs to be shorter to receive a high grade Even if it were longer, the essay wouldn’t get a high grade The essay is so short that it can be given a high grade Question 20: Edward booked the tickets without asking us first It was wrong of him to so Before asking us, Edward should have booked the tickets Edward need not have asked us before he booked the tickets Edward booked the tickets after he had asked us about them Edward shouldn’t have booked the ticket without asking us first Question 21: Perhaps John has forgotten about our meeting Perhaps he's got lost John has never forgotten about our meeting nor has he got lost John has either forgotten about our meeting or he has got lost Perhaps John has both forgotten about our meeting and got lost Not only has John forgotten about our meeting, he has also got lost Question 22: It takes a lot of hard work You want to succeed in this business If you want to be successful in this business you must work hard It takes a lot of time and effort to be successful in this business You will never succeed in this business because you are lazy In fact, you are too lazy to be able to run this kind of business Question 23: I don't get high scores in English tests I will be very annoyed I will be very annoyed for getting high scores in many tests I'll be very annoyed unless I get good marks in English tests I'm very annoyed because I don't get high scores in the tests It's the score in last English test that makes me very annoyed Question 24: I was thinking to myself Would Laura be coming to the party tomorrow night? Will you and Laura will be coming to the party tonight? Do you know when will Laura be coming to my party? Why won't Laura come to the party tomorrow night? I was wondering if Laura would be coming to the party the following night Question 25: I felt quite sorry for Tim I saw him cry at the time Have you ever felt sorry, seeing Tim cry? Seeing Tim cry, I felt quite sorry for him I'm sorry to tell you Tim was crying I regret for having seen Tim cry that night Question 26: We will consider it seriously We can make contribution to the ASEAN Development Fund It's serious to consider what contribution we can make to the ASEAN Development Fund Seriously speaking, we can make contribution to the ASEAN Development Fund Our contribution to the ASEAN Development Fund will be considered seriously Despite your consideration, the ASEAN Development Fund needs our contribution Question 27: I hope the traffic is good I'll be there at about o'clock If I were you, I would be there at about o'clock Unless the traffic is bad, I'll be there at about o'clock If the traffic weren't so good, I wouldn't be there at o'clock Don't worry about the traffic; I'll be there at o'clock Question 28: Could you reply this e-mail? Please confirm your attendance at the meeting! I wonder whether you have the ability to confirm your attendance at the meeting If I were you I would reply this e-mail to confirm my attendance at the meeting Do you mind replying this e-mail to confirm your attendance at the meeting? You'd better reply this e-mail to confirm your attendance at the meeting soon Question 29: The twins resemble each other very much I can't tell which is which So long as the twins resemble each other very much, I can't tell which is which Even though the twins resemble each other very much, I can't tell which is which Unless the twins resemble each other very much, I can't tell which is which The twins resemble each other so much that I can't tell which is which Question 30: Sunbathing is still a popular activity People it even though they know it can cause cancer, Despite the fact that sunbathing can cause cancer, it is still a popular activity Because sunbathing is still a popular activity, it can cause cancer Sunbathing is still a popular activity as long as it can cause cancer Unless it can cause cancer, sunbathing is still a popular activity Question 31: There used to be a theatre here It was tom down a few years ago Since there used to be a theatre here, it was tom down a few years ago The theatre which was tom down a few years ago had not been used There used to be a theatre here, but it was tom down a few years ago A theatre was used here, but it was tom down a few years ago Question 32: She was disabled She was quite confident the first time she practiced this sport Though a disabled girl, she was quite confident the first time she practiced this sport Though she was unable to walk, but the first time she practiced this sport, she was quite confident In spite of being quite confident the first time she practiced this sport, she was disabled She was quite confident when practicing this sport for the first time but she was a disabled girl Question 33: He changed his address constantly He wanted to elude the police He wanted to elude the police, but he changed his address constantly He changed his address constantly so as to elude the police He wanted to elude the police and changed his address constantly He changed his address constantly, and was able to elude the police Question 34: Safety instructions are given in symbols People can quickly comprehend them Safety instmctions are given in symbols, so that people can quickly comprehend them Safety instmctions are given in symbols where people can quickly comprehend them People can quickly comprehend safety instmctions whether they are given in symbols People can quickly comprehend safety instmctions in which symbols are given Question 35: This is a photograph of our friends We went on holiday with these friends This is a photograph of our friends where we went on holiday with This is a photograph of our friends with who we went on holiday This is a photograph of our friends whom we went on holiday with This is a photograph of our friends with we went on holiday Question 36: Both of them worked hard They could pass the entrance examination Both of them worked hard so that they could pass the entrance examination They could pass the entrance examination in order that both of them worked hard Both of them worked hard since they could pass the entrance examination They could pass the entrance examination even though both of them worked hard Question 37: We can't help you now We have our own problems to deal with We can't help you now so that we have our own problems to deal with After we have our own problems to deal with, we can't help you We can't help you now because we have our own problems to deal with Though we have our own problems to deal with, we can't help you now Question 38: The girls sailed their boat very quickly I couldn't keep up with them The girls sailed their boat so quickly that I couldn't keep up with them The girls sailed their boat very quickly and I could keep up with them The girls sailed their boat too quickly for me to keep up with them The girls sailed their boat quickly enough for me to keep up with them Question 39: A policy of "wait and see" would suit me better I soon realized this A policy of “wait and see” would suit me better, so I soon realized it I soon realized that a policy of "wait and see" would suit me better A policy of “wait and see” would suit me better if I soon realized it I soon realized a policy of “wait and see” that suits me better Question 40: They were exhausted They could hardly continue the journey They were so exhausted that they could hardly continue the journey They were hardly exhausted but they could not continue the journey Exhausted as they were, they tried to continue the journey They could continue the journey as they were hardly exhausted Question 41: They tie up parcels with string This is so weak that the parcel usually comes to pieces before you get it home The parcels which they tie up with string are so weak that they usually come to pieces before you get them home They tie up parcels with weak string and the parcel usually comes to pieces before you get it home The string with which they tie up parcels is so weak that the parcel usually comes to pieces before you get it home The parcel usually comes to pieces before you get it home as it is so weak by the string they use to tie it Question 42: Her living conditions were not good She studied very well Difficult as her living conditions were, she studied very well She studied very well just because she lived in difficult conditions Living in difficult conditions forced she to study very well Living in difficult conditions, she had no choice but to study well Question 43: The new restaurant looks good It seems to have few customers The new restaurant looks good; that's why it has few customers Due to its good appearance, the new restaurant seems to have few customers Although the new restaurant looks good, it seems to have few customers The new restaurant looks good, and so it seems to have few customers Question 44: Marie Curie was a famous mathematician and physicist She also won the Nobel Prize for chemistry Marie Curie, a famous mathematician and physicist, also won the Nobel Prize for chemistry Marie Curie was a famous mathematician rather than a physicist although she won the Nobel Prize for chemistry Winning the Nobel Prize for chemistry, Marie Curie became a famous mathematician and physicist Marie Curie won the Nobel Prize for chemistry so she was a famous mathematician and physicist Question 45: She heard the news of the death of her mother She fainted On hearing the news of her dead mother, she fainted On hearing the news of her mother's death, she fainted She fainted so she heard the news of the death of her mother She fainted and then she heard the news of the death of her mother Question 46: Phil stayed home with the kids Joan was able to go to the movies Phil stayed home with the kids, but Joan was able to go to the movies Staying home with the kids, Phil made Joan go to the movies Since Phil stayed home with the kids, Joan was able to go to the movies Joan went to the movies so that Phil could stay home with the kids Question 47: The Moon doesn't have the atmosphere The planet Mars doesn't either Both the Moon and the planet Mars have the atmosphere Either the Moon or the planet Mars has the atmosphere The Moon has the atmosphere, but the planet Mars doesn't Neither the Moon nor the planet Mars has the atmosphere Question 48: The company director decided to raise the workers' wages He did not want them to leave The company director decided to raise the workers' wages, so they did not leave The company director decided to raise the workers' wages though he wanted them to leave The workers did not want to leave since the company director decided to raise their wages Not wanting the workers to leave, the company director decided to raise their wages Question 49: Genghis Khan was very interested in art and literature This is not what many people think No people knows Genghis Khan thought that art and literature were very interesting It is thought that Genghis Khan was very interested in art and literature Contrary to what many people think, Genghis Khan was very interested in art and literature Genghis Khan was very interested in art and literature, as many people think ... danh từ nối "of"  Hai danh từ nối với "of" chia theo danh từ phía trước danh từ phía trước of có "some, all, most, majority, enough, minority, half, phân số, phần trăm" lại phải chia theo danh... truyền học), Phonetics (Ngữ âm học)  Danh từ tên môn thể thao: Athletics (Điền kinh), Billiards (Bi-da), Checkers (Cờ đam), Darts (Phóng lao nhà), Dominoes (Đơ mi nơ)  Danh từ tên bệnh: Measles... (cịi xương)  Cụm danh từ kích thước, đo lường: Two pounds is… (2 cân)  Cụm danh từ khoảng cách: Ten miles is (10 dặm)  Cụm danh từ thời gian: Ten years is … (10 năm)  Cụm danh từ số tiền: Ten