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TRUNG TÂM SÁCH GIÁO DỤC ALPHA 2250 Nguyễn Tri Phương, P.9, 0.5, Tp HCM Mr 08.62676463
aces: WW, alphaeduvn.com - email: alphabookcenter@yah00 com Mời các bạn tìm đọc: OHL NHd NJZANON HINH HỌC sainssoplÌ Gi sài rir 11
Toan dién hinh Z 11
Trang 2MUC LUC
TA TC vn cố cố os tae 5
L Idioms & Expressions .-sssscvsssersesnsocnsessseaserensennsetaseestrasteesiacg 5
HH], Phrasal verbs :.-co-sssssssssessenssecsssentandtaveenssstsesthbetdsenbesiunedesssensueesescs, 9
IV Past modal auxiliaries
V Verb follbwing by — Ing or infinitive 2U 22
VỊ Atttolesd.S1xá16241 602.1200261 7106001000646 01127 tay 28
XH: Yerbsfollowed by pfepositions<<:3.-106056962.1.4504 0101901510 34
VIII Prepositions following adjectives, and in prepostional phrases 41
Phan II: Practice tests
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Practice (est Taine oh ee eG se pee eee Practice test 8 co 01 TA2 0” Pa HC t5 C0 in 0 10220010 127/1201701 1014229180123 0E) T179000007- 1 PHẢN I NGỮ PHÁP
I IDIOMS & EXPRESSIONS
+ be no concern / business of somebody's // be none of somebody's
business: khơng liên quan gì đến ai đĩ, ai đĩ khơng cĩ quyền biết điều gì
Vi du: - It's no business of yours how much I earn a month (T6i kiém
ra mot thang bao nhiêu tién thi cha can hé gi toi anh.)
- Who I go out with at the moment is none of your business (Tdi hen
hị với ai thì chẳng liên quan gì tới anh ca.)
+ have no intention of dọng something: khơng cĩ ý định làm gì đĩ
Ví dụ: - We have no intention of applying for jobs at that company
The salary there is too low (Chứng tơi khơng cĩ ý định xin việc ở cơng ty đĩ
Tiền lương ở đĩ thấp quá.)
+ to be short of something: thiếu, khơng đủ
= Vi du: - I'm a bit short of cash at the moment (Hién gio toi hoi thiéu
tién mat.)
+ be'cut out for somebody/something // to be cut out to be something: cd tính cách hay khả năng rất phù hợp để làm gì
Vidu: - She wasn't a great journalist She was more cut out for
television reporting (Cơ fa khơng phải là một nhà báo lớn Cơ ta làm phĩng viên truyên hình thì hợp khả năng hơn.)
- Why did he join the army? He's not really cut out to be a
soldier (Tại sao anh ta lại nhập ngũ? Anh ta sinh ra khơng phải đề làm một
người lĩnh.)
+ it comes as no surprise to somebody that: ai đĩ chả ngạc nhiên gi về Vi du: - It came as no surprise to us that he failed in the exam He had never studied hard enough (Chiing t6i cha cam thay ngac nhién gi về việc anh ta thi hỏng Anh ta chưa bao giờ học hành chăm chỉ đúng mức cả.)
+ nowhere to be found: tìm đâu cũng khơng ra
Ví
dụ: - They searched the house but the necklace was nowhere to be
found (Họ (Họ lục tung nhà lên nhưng khơng tìm ra soi day chuyên đâu cả.)
+ be in the mood for something/doing something // be in the mood to do
something: rat muốn làm điều gì
Vidu: - I'm in the mood for going out and having a good time (Tơi cảm thấy muốn ra khỏi nhà đề đi chơi một lúc cho đã đời.)
Trang 3- She said she wasn't in the mood to sing (C6 dy bao đĩ 3
khơng cảm thấy muốn khiêu vũ.) %
+ (do something) with a view to something / doing something: y6j chi y
là nhằm mục đích đê y
Vidu: - He is painting and decorating the house with a view to
selling it for a good price (Anh ay son va trang tri lại căn nhà nhằm chủ
dich dé ban cho được giá.)
+ make a dash for: lao vé phia, chay xơ về hướng nào đĩ
Vidu: - When seeing many strange people around, the deer made a
dash for shelter (Khi thay cĩ nhiêu người la o chung quanh, nhitng con huoy
d6 chay x6 di tim noi Gn nap.)
- We jumped into the car and made a dash for the ferry
(Chúng tơi nhảy lên 6 tơ và lao tới bén pha.) ;
+ fall into disrepute: bi mang tiếng xấu, bị mang tai tiếng
Ví du: - Since the scandal, the school has rather fallen into disrepute
(Từ ngày cĩ vụ bê bĩi, nhà trường phân nào bị mang tai tiếng.)
+ take a risk in/by đoing something: liều lĩnh làm chuyện gi đĩ
Vidu: - If you want to become rich quickly, you should take a risk by investing your money in that company (Néu bạn muốn trở nên giàu cĩ
một cách nhanh chĩng, bạn nên liêu đâu tư tiên của mình cho cơng ty đĩ.)
+ take it for granted that: định ninh rang, tin rang cai gi sé xay ra ma
khơng kiểm tra cho chắc
Ví dụ: - We took it for granted that there would be some rooms
available at the hotel but we were wrong (Ching t6i đỉnh ninh là sẽ cĩ đủ
phịng ở khách sạn nhưng hĩa ra sai.)
- He took it for granted that he would get the job, and so he
was very surprised when he didn't (Anh ta dinh ninh sẽ nhận được việc áÿ
niên rất ngạc nhiên khi rơt cuộc khơng được.)
+ as a last resort: chỗ bám víu cuối cùng
Ví dụ: - };obody wanted to lend me the money As a last resort Ị
asked my brother-in-law, and luckily he was able to help me (Kh6ng @ muơn cho tơi mượn tiền Tơi thử hỏi ơng anh rẻ như là chỗ bám víu cuỗi
cùng và may mắn anh ấy đã cĩ thê giúp tơi.)
+ on the same terms as somebody/something: ngang hàng, bình đẳng với -
-YÍ dụ: - A good teacher should treat all her pupils on the same term
ai/cái gì quyền ưu tiên hơn ai/ cái gì
Ví dụ: - It should be given priority over other matters at the moment
(Viéc nay nén dugc danh quyên tu tiên hơn bắt cứ vấn đề nào khác vào thời
diém nay.)
+ in awe of something/somebody: kinh sg
Ví dụ: - I lived in awe of my father until I was at least fifteen (Tơi sống trong niềm kính sợ cha tơi cho đến khi ít ra tơi được 15 tuổi.)
- When first working here, I was in awe of all the modern
machines which were quite strange to me (Thoat dau làm việc ở đây, tơi cĩ
cảm giác rất sợ tất cả những máy mĩc hiện đại rất xa lạ đối với tơi.)
+ at one's disposal: cĩ sẵn cho ai sử dụng theo ý muốn
Ví dụ: - Students have a well-stocked library at their disposal (Sinh
viên cĩ một thư viện nhiều sách đề sử dụng.)
- The firm put a secretary at my disposal (Cong ty danh riéng
cho tơi một thư ky dé sai khiến ,)
Bài tập ứng dụng
For each of the sentences below, write a new sentence as similar as
possible in meaning to the original sentence, but using the word given This word must not be altered in any way
1 She has always a good relationship with the children
awe
time
Số 2 2c 1Á 77 Ơi c0 ene.eeeetoer6Assvaseeyjrre coi
6 I fully intended to find out who is responsible for the graffiti
intention
Trang 47 lonly called the police when | had tried everything else resort 8 Women in this factory work under the same conditions as men terms 9 | don't think he's likely to telephone this late at night doubt 10 I assumed that you would ask for a reference granted 11 Any correspondence from the London office must be dealt with before other matters priority 12 You'd feel better if you had a quiet holiday do 13 As I intended to expand my shop, I made an offer for the premises next door view 14 Jenny didn't feel like going to the party mood 15 The prisoner was recaptured as he rushed towards the gate dash 16 Surely it was dangerous for you to hitch-hike all that way alone risk SAP es On ee” ee eenneseeeeseressesuswoussresenensevessscvessesssesesseseseeee” Pee Prewecwewseerdvacebancesescsedescesovsseesesenoereeee™” w 18.Gerald never had enough to live on until he married that rich businesswoman short 19 The president arranged for me to use his chauffeur-driven car whenever I liked disposal
20 Since the company's methods were exposed in a newspaper, people have lost their good opinion of it
disrepute
21 What Rachel does in her spare time doesn't concern me
business
II PHRASAL VERBS
* Phrasal verbs with COME
- come about : happen (xay ra, diễn ra)
: find or meet by chance (tinh cờ tìm thấy, tình cờ gặp)
: make a particular impression (tao ra an tuong, gay
- come across
mot an tuong)
- come at : attack (x6 vào, xơng vào tân cơng)
- come by : obtain (cĩ được, vớ được, kiếm được) - come down with : become ill from (mac bénh, nga bénh)
- come in for : receive/suffer (nhận được, hứng chịu lấy) - come into : inherit (thừa hưởng được, thừa kế được)
- come out : show symptoms (cĩ triệu chứng, lộ ra) - come round : regain consciousness (tinh lai, hồi tỉnh)
- come round to _ : begin to.accept (bắt đầu thừa nhận, bat đầu chấp nhận)
Trang 5h2 How exactly đid you - this painting? It's very like one that 2
2 Frankly, I don't know how he on the small amount he earns
was reported stolen Seton ;
en tee ' ur way of thinking in the 3 He nearly always managed to dọng the heavy work by
3 Give him time Hes sure fO - 0 as 1s Wied butt end, pretending he had a bad back 2
Ay TT squander most of it, I'm ashamed to say Nhu Tản a small fortune when my uncle died but | managed tg 4 Considering how little they've got in common, it's surprising how well they ates together ; : í ki
ở ` i AI UOD/220266 18000608 us with ae :
2 “8 on as | opened the garden gate ẽ teeth 5 How's your mother? Has she her operation yet?
vies : 6 Did you phone š your solicitor? icitor? No, I No, I couldn't ,the line was couldn’
6 On the very first day of the holiday he .: in a rash engaged
7 In desperation we employed a private detective and he
some quite valuable evidence The job itself is well paid and interesting, but commuting to the City
every day really
Could you be a bit more 10 So, he's finally been arrested for tax fraud I'm surprised he managed to
it for so long
: circulate information (tung tin)
: communicate (truyén dat, lam cho ai hiéu duge nho kha
năng giao tiêp)
: attribute to (cho 1a, quy cho, 1a do) : suggest (đưa ra một ý kiến, đề nghị)
: discourage (làm ai ngã lịng, làm ai nhụt chí khơng
muơn làm gì đĩ nữa)
: postpone (trì hỗn lại) : pretend (giả vờ, giả bộ)
:inconvenience (khiến cho ai cảm thấy bát tiện)
: provide accommodation (cho ai 6 lại nhà) : tolerate (chịu đựng)
Choose the appropriate phrasal verb to complete the following
eee as yOU gOIng to see it ] mean, the
Ba 06 a ae as rather nervous at the interview but I don't think we 8 It's no use trying to
should count that against her mind he never changes it
9 HOW Gia Ee i ea ese that you were travelling on that train to 9 I can't see quite what you're
Istanbul? specific?
WO: When: Viscose after the accident, I couldn't remember what had
TRAPDODEG Foe es Ge oe a a ee on eee
ae, Both dhe children cock ce measles at the beginning of the summer
and we had to postpone our holiday * Phrasal verbs with PUT
LOEWE eee some marvellous deserted beaches on our touring - put about
holiday in south west Ireland - put across
* Phrasal verbs with GET Ỉ
- get at : suggest/imply (ngu ý, hàm ý, muốn nĩi điều gì) i - put down to - getaway with : escape punishment (thốt được sự trừng phạt) ì - put forward
- get by : manage/ survive (xoay xở được, sống được) - put of
- get down : depress (ha guc, lam cho ai suy sup)
- get on : be on friendly tarms (hịa hợp với ai đĩ) Nang
- get out of E : avoid (tron tranh, tránh khỏi) - put out
- get over : recover from / hoi phuc, binh phuc) Ỉ - put up
- get round : persuade (thuyêt phục, gạt ai làm theo ý mình) - put up with
~ ø€t round to : find time for (cĩ thời gian dé lam gi) >
- get through : make contact with (lién lac voi ai) Bài tập ứng dụng
Bài tập ứng dụng sentences
Bi the appropriate phrasal verb to complete the followinS - 1 Don't let me
i Tve ban shuit bu đực 1” Just haventt answering your letter, : 3 I'm film does have its good points
Trang 6N
G3
wn
10
At the meefing some€on€ - student representative on the committee
He did seem a bit short- tempered, I agree đo 713-256-1025
to overwork : Ề :
I'm just not prepared fo - your inefficiency any longer You're fired!
Thank you I'd love to stay for dinner, as long as it won't 2.7 ae
Mà 2c at all
Well just have fO - the meeting . - until everyone's back from holiday
The part of the course I enjoyed least was philosophy It wasn't
very well by the lecturer
If your sister can TC 227451226225 2ÿ it'll save the cost of a
hotel room for the night
Sẽ a5 {Esa oes sey, bua? that she was thinking of leaving the
company and, as a result, she received several offers from rival
organisations
He didn't really hurt his leg, you know He limped a bit, but he was only
eer c4 km2 Í{ {O get Our sympathy * Phrasal verbs with SET
- set about : begin to deal with (bat dau làm gì đĩ)
: start and seem likely to continue (bat dau va sẽ kéo dai sau đĩ)
- set in
- set off : cause to explosion (nổ, gây nơ, làm cho no)
: start a journey (lên đường, khởi hành)
: start something happening (làm ai bật cười, bắt đầu nĩi đến
một đề tài thích thú )
- setout : intend (dự định)
: display (trình bày, trưng bày, phơ bày)
- set to : begin a task with determination (bat dau lao vao)
- set up : establish (thành lập, thiết lập, xây dựng)
- set (up) on: attack/cause to attack (tan cơng, xúi ai tấn cơng)
Đài tập ứng dụng
Choose the appropriate phrasal verb to complete the following sentences
1 It looks as if the rain has for the rest of the day
2 If YOU OUT co ace your specific proposals in a letter, we will
give them our attention
12- E11
3 Don”tyou dare come near my house or ƑI TH dow 2 1E you!
4 Could you give me some advice, please? I’d like to know how to
NS BEE claiming a tax allowance
SHAT We anaes at dawn, we should reach the coast by midday
6:sThe wholefamily “acai energetically and by the end of the
morning most of the weeds had been cleared from the garden
7 _]t was just the funny way he spoke which PGs Sie sites cae
laughing I couldn’t help it
8 The government has a scheme to help small businesses with advice 9 Donkeeit MUA“ any fireworks too near to the house, will you?
10 es On inal ys ck eos to beat the land speed record, but weather
conditions were unfavourable
* Phrasal verbs with TAKE
- take after : resemble an older relative (giống một ai đĩ)
- take in :understand/grasp (tiếp thu được, hiểu được)
: make narrower (bép [ao quan ] lai) : deceive (Itra gat, lira đối)
-take off : imitate (bắt chước, nhại theo)
- take on _ : accept (responsibility etc) (đảm nhận trách nhiệm)
- take out : obtain something officially issued (nhận được, được cấp)
- take over _ : take control of (tiếp quản, mua lại [một cơ sở kinh doanh ])
- take to : like instinctively (cĩ tình cảm, yêu mến)
- take up : adopt as a hobby (bắt đầu một thú tiêu khiển)
: shorten (cắt ngắn lại [áo quần])
: challenge (thách thức, thử thách)
Bài tập ứng dụng
Choose the appropriate phrasal verb to complete the following
sentences Making any changes if necessary
12⁄2EIG Hi tae golf because his doctor told he would have to get
more exercise
2 When I first heard the announcement, I was too busy cooking to 5-2 1930) 713: 35y Abert, fos PROPERLY
Trang 7ee see the way he
4 He's a marvellous mimic You should the
Prime Minister - it's hillarious
The jacket fits you very well roun ee ae
long, we can easily arrange for it 10 DE +++»
6 My daughter's not a bit like me She seems fO -: : : her father jn
way she acts
7 ce : es a Dont let him - J as ae with his hard luck : «Lie teat stories
The truth is that he's never done an honest day's work in his life! ; a
8 However keen you are to make a success of the business, it's important
more work than you can reasonably manage
each other immediately
d the waist, sir, but if you feel it's tov
Ww
9 When our in-laws first met they -: and they've been friends ever since
10 Thank you for that explanation of union views but there is one point I'd like
ere gee HOW ee oe fastastanrtee on, if I may Is it really true to say ?
11 Do you have trouble obtaining your copy of Teacher's Weekly? Why not
SU ok X6 XE, a regular subscription and be sure of receiving each edition
as soon as it's published?
12 The problem with losing weight, I find, is that all your clothes need to be
Ill UNREAL TENSES AND SUBJUNCTIVES
1 It's time
It's time va It's high time thường được theo sau bởi các động từ chia ở thì quá khứ đơn (simple past) hay quá khứ tiếp diễn (past continuous), mặc dù
nĩ khơng đề cập đến hành động hay sự việc xảy ra trong quá khứ mà đề cập
đên một sự việc đên lúc phải làm ở hiện tại
Vi dụ: - It's time we left
- It's high time I was / were going
Cũng như trong các câu điều kiện, were được sử dụng cho tất cả các ngơi
tuy nhiên trong văn nĩi hàng ngày, was được sử dụng một cách phổ biến hơn:
2 Wishes
dé diễn tả một ước muốn chúng ta sử dụng các thì quá
continuous) sau Wish,
Vidu: - I wish Thad a motorbike (I don't have one un
trái với sự thật ở hiện tại (unreal in present), khit don (past simple), quá khứ tiếp diễn (p25t
14- E11
- I wish you weren't leaving (You are leaving.) - I wish I was going on holiday with you
(I am not going.)
* Would and Could
Ta ding would va could sau wish dé diễn tả một ước muốn tương lai
Vi du: - I wish you would leave
- I wish I could come on holiday with you next year
Would thuong duge sir dung để đề cập đến một thĩi quen gây phiên
hà cho người khác hay khiên người khác phải cảm thây bực mình
Ví dụ: - I wish you wouldnt make such a mess
- I wish you all wouldn't forget to turn off the light before leaving
“Past
Để diễn tả một ước muốn trái với sự thật 6 qué khtr (unreal in past),
ta str dung d6ng tir chia 6 thi qua khir hoan thanh (past perfect) sau Wish
Vidu: - I wish I hadn't eaten so much (I ate so much.)
- She wishes she had come to the airport to see you off (She didn’t come to the airport.)
Thơng thường người ta sử dụng cau tric nay voi Jf only dé biéu 16 su hơi tiếc Vi du: - If only I hadn't bought this second-hand car (I bought this second ) - If only I had apologised to her yesterday (I didn’t apologise, to her yesterday.) * Hope
Để ước muốn một sự việc cĩ khả năng sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai,
thơng thường ta sử dụng động tir Hope Déng tir theo sau Hope cĩ thé chia 6
thì hiện tai don (simple present) hay thi tương lai don (simple future)
Ví dụ: - [hope it doesn't rain tomorrow - [hope he'll stop talking soon!
3 I'd rather/I'd prefer (followed by a clause)
* I'drather
Cũng giống như dong tir Wish, động từ trong mệnh đề đi theo sau 72
rather được chia ở thì quá khứ đơn đẻ đề cập đến một vấn đề ở hiện tại Cấu
trúc này được sử dụng để diễn tả một ý thích của cá nhân về một hành động
nao do ;
Vi du: - I'd rather you didn't smoke in here
Trang 8Aol pte I'd ‘ fer CĨ thé duoc sir dung như d preƒfer gc su ; _>nø al chi sir dung Jd prefer trong trudnp 4, một bộ phậ ơt bộ phận của câu cầu điêu kiệ điều v: loai hai (unreal in past) Luu y rang ee sia i & hop
này theo sau nĩ luơn luơn phải cĩ tân ngữ
: Vi du: - I'd prefer it if you did 'd prefer it if you didn't go i SN
Lana ¥: ban than /'d prefer khơng được theo sau bởi một thi giả định,
Vidu: - I'd prefer tea to coffee
- I'd prefer you not to go 4 As if, As though
* Real and unreal : ee ; :
Sau As if va As though ta cé thê sử dụng thi hiện tại đơn nêu sự việc
được đề cập đến là sự thật ở hiện tại (real) Nêu sự Việc được đề cập đến là
khơng thật ở hiện tại (unreal) thì ta sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn
Ví dụ: - He acts as if he is in charge (He is in charge)
- He acts as if he were in charge (He isn't in charge.)
Để đề cập đến sự việc trái sự thật quá khứ, ta dùng thì quá khứ hồn
thanh sau As if va As though
Vi du: - You look as if you had just seen a ghost (You didn't see.) - | feel as if an express train had hit me (li didn't hit.)
5 Suppose and Imagine
* Understood conditions ;
Khi str dung Suppose va Imagine thi mét phan của câu điều kiện
được người ta hiệu ngâm chứ khơng cần phải phát biểu ra ;
Vi du: - Imagine we won the pools (means: Imagine what would we
do if we won the pools.) A
- Suppose someone told you that I was a spy! (means: Suppose
Someone told you that I was a spy, what would you say?)
, Cũng giơng như câu điều kiện, khi ta dùng Suppose va Imagine dé để
cập đên một sự việc cĩ khả năng sẽ xảy, ta cĩ thể dùng thì hiện tại
Vi du: - Suppose it starts raining, what will we do?
* Present or past i |
|
dung thì quá khứ hồn thành sa tại thì ta sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn
Vidu: - Imagine we had never met
~ Suppose we went to Wales for a change
16 - E11
6 Formal subjunctives
* Insisting, demanding etc
Sau nhiting déng tir nhu 1a demand, insist, suggest, require, bang thdi cách cĩ thể được sử dụng ở phong cách trịnh trọng - cĩ nghĩa là động từ
được đê ở dạng nguyên mâu khơng co "to"
Ví dụ: - They demanded that he leave at once
Sau Jt is necessary that, It is essential that, It is important that cũng su dung dang nay
Vi du: - It is essential that you arrive before six
* Less formal usage
Trong các ngữ cảnh ít trinh trong hon thi ta thém should trade động
từ nguyên mẫu, hoặc dùng cấu trúc nguyên mẫu cĩ "to"
Ví dụ: - They demanded that he should leave
- They demanded that he left
(Chỉ sử dụng trong ngữ cảnh thân mật.)
- It is essential for you to arrive before six
* Bàng thái cách cịn được sử dụng trong các cụm từ cơ dinh nhu: God
save the Queen! Be that as it may , Come what may
Bài tập ứng dụng
A Complete each sentence with a suitable word or phrase
1? L wishyousscc.tk nce making so much noise late at night!
2 1d7atHSFthe Ghild ro 21.20 on the television without permission
3:- SUDDOSE 2846 ên half the money I owe you Would that satisfy you? Boe Tope nee a eee get into trouble on my account
5 This is an awful hotel I wish we to the Grand instead 6 his absolutely 3 oc , you contact head office in advance
7 Ithink its high time we locking all the windows at night § Would you rather l the lunch, if you feel tired?
9 bwishany Gat oe as fast as yours
10: 12đ prefer YOU E6 smoke in here, if you don’t mind
B Rewrite each sentence so that it contains the word in capitals, and so
that the meaning stays the same
Trang 9Ý ¡gui veatly beleavineIDMƠ eee
a seperti 3 3
3 I'd rather have beer than wine PREF
> rd Tove to be able to go with you to the opera WISH
6 Iwish [hadn't sold that old painting PITY
7 li awould be better if you didn’t stay long RATHER
8 The management insisted
9 Why do you have to complain all the time? WISH
C Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays
the same
1 It would be nice to be able to fly
DPS 11102222020 o06 c4 + :
2 1 wish I hadn’t heard that
Pid cntiier you key Km gi ss006k»eodsf2i0yx16a 2/20 AETAn :
3 Everyone wished they had listened more carefully to the lecture
Everyone regretted occ jas dee erseseiniecalsalsosniatiancs ee eens ;
5 Is it better for me to leave?
Wd 00 oc ee ge ca ek eee acre ae eee
6 It’s a pity I can’t borrow your car
ad wits you would ae cee
i adem 2 TC Se DEN
It’s important that
8 It’s a pity you were driving so fast VI YOU v7.2 th ! ng ime! 9 101196 v40 $.ĩ ` †'! hy, cv kyyu h2 led x7 77 2-2 17530 c0 611166 v1 gv« alii Rea
10 Jack prefers me not to say anything about the missing money
Tack woul( rathɆ ĩ.:s-cccccs-sisedcsesverneevtErsviearxEsEssresskssg 30900458718 :
IV PAST MODAL AUXILIARIES
1 Had to and must have :
Had to là hình thức quá khứ của must và được sử dụng để đề cập đến sự
bắt buộc ở thời điểm quá khứ
Vi du: Sorry I’m late, I had to post some letters : Dạng phủ định của Had to là didn’t have to, ding đẻ diễn tả sự khơng bắt buộc trong quá khứ
Vi du: I didn’t have to go to work yesterday because it was a national
holiday
Must have duoc sit dung dé diễn tả một sự việc chắc hẳn đã xảy ra trong quá khứ
Ví du: Someone must have taken it (I’m sure they did.)
2 Should have and ought to have
Should have va ought to have co thé str dung thay thé cho nhau
Ta str dung should have hay ought to have
* dé diễn tả một việc đáng lẽ nên làm trong quá khứ
Vi du: You shouldn’t have bought a second - hand car It cost you a
lot of money to have it repaired
* dé dién tả một sự việc mà đáng lý ra đã xảy ra rồi
Ví dụ: The parcel I sent you should have arrived by now
* để mơ tả một sự tình cờ (dùng voi be và tính từ)
Vi du: It was strange that you should have been staying in the same hotel last year
* để diễn tả lời cảm ơn lịch sự khi nhận được quả hay sự giúp đỡ
Ví du: A: ve done the washing-up for you
B: Oh, you really shouldn’t have
Lưu ý khi nĩi câu này, ngữ điệu phải tỏ ra thân mật bởi vi day khong
phải là một câu sử dụng đề chỉ trích hay phê bình người khác 3 Could have
Could have duge sit dung dé đề cập đến một khả năng trong quá khứ hay một việc cĩ thể đã xảy ra trong quá khứ mà người nĩi khơng chắc chắn
lăm
Vi du: David could have won the race if he had tried
It could have been Sue, I suppose (uncertainty)
Trang 104 Might have and must have ua người
* Might have dugc dung để diễn tả một dự đốn c gười nĩi về mộ Ot Sự
việc VIỆC CC cĩ thê đã xảy ra trong quá khứ mà người nĩi khơng chắc lắm € a d 0 W9 10VOIY.WG so : 2i a better holiday 3
Vi Vi du: I phoned her yesterday but no one answered She might have 20ne 10 So it was you who set off the fire alarm for a Jjokel I known
out shopping I’m not sure - aie ;
Nĩ cịn được sử dụng để diễn tả một việc cĩ thê đã xảy ra trong quá khụ C Rewrite each sentence so that it contains a modal auxiliary and so that
nhưng trên thực tế nĩ đã khơng xảy Ta the meaning stays the same
Vi du: You might have drowned! 1 The police refused to do anything about my noisy neighbour
Might have known +would 1a mot thành ngữ được sử dụng để diễn dap weeeeeeeeeeesesessesssssssstsssssssessssessttnsensnnsnvnessssunessssevseessunennescgceneceneccsegsceqneetcctganeseet
thái độ phê phán của người nĩi trước một thĩi quen xấu của người khác, 2 Jean’s boss was extremely kind to her
Vi du: I might have known that he would be late
* Must have duoc sit dung dé diễn tả một sự việc chắc hẳn đã XÂY tạ 3
trong quá khứ (Người nĩi chắc chăn là điều đĩ đã xảy ra.)
Vi du: Someone must have taken it (I’m sure they did.)
It must have rained heavily last night Everything is wet Bài tập ứng dụng
A Choose the most suitable words underlined
1 That can’t have been/ shouldn’t have been Nick that you saw
2 You had to give/ might have given me a hand
3 I caught the later train because I had to see/ must have seen a client 4 I suppose Bill should have lost/ might have lost his way
5 I didn’t refuse the cake, as it must have been/ would have been rude i soesscectivaocceusseceesvecsecnsenteccatresrscatibrocusovesstevssrsscebeserasaccmenstsuvecsansevensavers@nvensesvarsse 6 Pe RI, en a ES 3 : : 7 8 9 ]
I don’t know who rang, but it could have been/ must have been Jim
It was odd that you should have bought/ would have bought the same cat
lasked them to leave but they couldn’t/ wouldn’t go
Itsa pity you didn’t ask because I could help/ could have helped you | pe N0 06003 92 42g43 s22 2004 226560014471 3010esxs24232//01823 s0 kross v0aki crAtasdv bêrooi
0 It’s your own fault, you can’t have/ shouldn’t have gone to bed so late 10 School uniform wasn’t compulsory at my school
B Complete each sentence with a suitable word or phrase
1 Don’t worry that Carol is late, she missed the train Ne VERBS ROLL OING BY GOR VÀ TẾT
2 I begged David to accept some money, but he hear of it 1 Verbs followed by either -ing or infinitive with to (to-infinitive) 3 That was a lucky escape! You been killed PCat, dates he ove prefer
4 It was supposed to be a secret! Y be š- Txeg bế 3 0Ð To cv at ae fold ie ; a aed to thường được sử dụng dé dé cập đến một ý thích theo thĩi quen Các động từ trên được sử dụng với cả V-ing 1an infinitive trong d6 Like
6 The plane is latedt oe landodibyenowierss ine us ve ` mẽ "HN vien
Wc YOU 2 Tận met my brother | ước: 2 Not like to thi ee ane nghĩa với think it wrong to
8 There is only one solution The butler got one! Vi du: I don’t like to disturb colleagues at home
Trang 11ose, Start
* Attempt, begin, continue, intend, plan, prop’
Khi sử dụng các động từ nà với V-ing hay ĐĨ thì khơng Cĩ s
khác biệt hay thay đổi về nghĩa Các động từ imteend, phan, Và pFODose cĩ tha
được theo sau boi that + ménh dé
* Forget, remember
- Forget to do something (4
Vi du: I’m sorry I forgo
promise I won’t do it again
- Forget doing something (quén
làm nào đĩ đã diễn ra trước đĩ.)
Vi du: You said you lent me moncy last month I forget borrowing
your money
- Remember to do something (nhé phai lam chuyện gi do.)
Vi du: Did you remember to post the letter for me?
- Remember doing something (nho đến một việc hay hành động đã xay ra trước đĩ.)
Vi du: I remember meeting that man before but I am not sure where | met him
uên khơng làm chuyện gi đĩ.)
t to tum off the light before leaving |
(khơng nhớ dén) mét hanh dOng hay vig,
Ca hai dong tir forget va remember đều cĩ thê duoc theo sau béi that + _
ménh dé
Vi du: I remembered that I had to pay the phone bill
* Try
- Try to do something (c6 gắng hay nỗ lực làm chuyện gì đĩ cĩ thể thành
cơng hay thất bại.)
Vidu: | tried to warn him but it was to late - Try doing something (thr lam một việc gì đĩ.)
Vi du: Have you tried windsurfing? It’s great Try taking an aspirin You’l} feel better
*Goon
- Go on + V-ing (tiếp tục làm một hành động nào đĩ.)
Vi du: She went on working even though it was late
- Go on + infinitive cé to (su tiép né1, tính liên tục của một lời nĩi hở
phát biểu.)
Vi du: The Prime Minister went on to praise the Chancellor
Cau nay nay dong nghĩa với Misnistf
continued his speech by praising the th posta oo? 22-E11 Ị t Ễ Ỉ | | ị * Mean
- Mean + to-infinitive (cố ý hay cĩ ý định làm gì.)
Vi du: Sorry, I meant to tell you about the party
- Mean + V-ing (bao gom một việc gì đĩ.)
Vi du: If I catch the early train, it will mean getting up at 6.00
* Regret
- Regret to do something thuong được sử dụng trong các ngữ cảnh trịnh trọng, đề diễn đạt ý: lấy làm tiếc khi sắp sửa phải làm một việc gì đĩ
Ví dụ: We regret to inform you that your application has been
unsuccessful
- Regret doing something (hối tiếc, hối hận về một việc gi đĩ đã xảy ra.) Vi du: I regret being so rude to you yesterday
* Stop
- Stop to do something (ding lai để làm một việc gì đĩ.)
Vi du: Jane stopped to check the oil level in the engine
- Stop doing something (théi khéng lam mot hanh động gì đĩ nữa.)
Vi du: The baby has stopped waking up during the night now
* Hear, see, watch
- Khi theo sau b6i infinitive kh6ng cĩ to (bare-infinitive) thi hành động đi theo sau các động từ trên đã được chấm dứt hay đĩ là một hành động điểm
(hành động xảy ra và chấm dứt hầu như tại một thời điểm )
Vi du: We watched all the cars cross the finishing line
I saw her break the window
_ ~ Khi theo sau boi V-ing thì hành động đĩ đang xảy ra hay vẫn cịn đang tiệp diễn
Ví du: I heard someone coming up the stairs
1 saw them going for a walk in the park some days ago 2 Verbs with an object, followed by either —ing or to-infinitive
* Allow, forbid, permit
- Nếu theo sau các động từ này là một tân ngữ thì ta sử dụng fo-infinitive Vi du: My father didn’t allow me to smoke in his room
Trang 12Vi du: She is considered to be the finest pianist of her generation,
Vi du: She is cons
- Khi ta ding consider vi V-ing thi no dong nghĩa với pes about
Vi du: At one point I considered emigrating to Canada
3 Verbs normally followed by to-infinitive sa
Các động từ được liệt kê sau đây thường được theo sau bởi to-infinitive
Agree, appear, arrange, attempt, ask, choose, dare, ce demang deserve, expect, fail, grow, hasten, happen, hope, hurry, learn, long
manage, neglect, offer, pay, plan, pledge, pretend, promise, refuse, resolve, seek, seem, struggle, swear, threaten, vow, want, wish
4 Verbs normally followed by V-ing
Các động từ được liệt kê sau đây thường được theo sau bởi động từ thêm
—ing:
Appreciate, avoid, contemplate, delay, deny, detest, dislike, endure
enjoy, escape, excuse, face, fancy, finish, involve, mention, mind, miss,
postpone, practise, resent, risk, suggest, burst out, it’s no good/use, feel like,
give up, keep on, leave off, put off, can’t stand, spend/waste time :
5 Verbs followed by bare-infinitive
* Help
Động từ này cĩ thể được theo sau bởi nguyên mẫu cĩ hay khơng cĩ “to”
Vi du: I helped George (to) carry the bags
* Make
Ở thể chu déng ta ding “make + bare-infinitive” nhung & thể bị động dùng : “make + to-infinitive ”
Ví dụ: - They made me leave (active)
- We shall have to make do (active)
- I was made to leave (passive) *Let + bare-infinitive Vi du: -They didn’t let me leave - Let me go Bài tập ứng dụng A Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the meaning S45 the same 1 I was made to study hard when I was at school They Re nriilireitserxxsgesssexeoskbssvavvcisv/ 0v ca nh Am STRENS TOY ERS HANS GENES Sa Svvebivnwmen ds trate Seer ee eenes * là Si nes 24- E11
3 It's very kind of you to give me a lift
ÏỐDpTGETRD AE i20 20606 666i xbsbitÐer 256051 153n1i0tser nai 0B 0821) 4 It might be a good idea to use honey instead of sugar
WAY Gon YOU EỂŸ 22 s2xxcscssx-aesissssg-€20164e-e fan name ri
5 I'm quite happy to look after the baby for you
Ldon't nandig csc cccsscav tots saassssonseceesteeeacepe roi SS0 Tu Bibniprovpvv Ti TRE 6 I must see the manager!
Tema dices ss csaccaisscvaoves 622.1686217 xCcec2 u51 x810E21711280170 Thới tết f6 TipdtiicrRfrryf 7 “Go on Jack, apply for the job,” said Sally
S8lÌy:GGOUTGD0°: 246166cc6ce01661 46A, 00426ccAeEkik,fforesitx Di cseso32 3000810 i 8 You wouldn't know where the Hilton Hotel is, would you?
Dovyou happen các c2 cá a scat ccecg, soceeste wn ev erences waeieansetenel muvlestiare eet ates : 9 Parking is not permitted here
Ya Ware a An ch các cài be vce ven soe ere oea ais ere ance £2 Par re eae 10 “Shall I carry that bag for you, John?” said Pauline
Pauline: Offered its Hake ANCOR ICN IS ee 2n n0 2700151 eạ10 7n
B Put one suitable word in each space
1 Ifs too late to buy any food Welll have to make with
what we've got
ae hardly cac A ask how much it cost!
Bes Have yowever faery ee taking a year off work?
4 Ididnt like the town at first, but T to love it eventually
9 WHa(QO YON c2 c2 doing after this course has finished?
6 As soon as Sheila finished telling the joke, everyone burst out :
1Ã) J1n.000:1 6c set to meet at 6.00 but he didn't turn up
Bey Case eer that we won't need to pay so much after all
9 Icant wait for Saturday! m really to see youl
1U] GBn12 s47 sẽ getting up at 6.30 tomorrow morning! I'll catch a later train
C Rewrite each sentence so that it included the word in capitals, and so
that the meaning stays the same
1 I'm sorry I didn't go to university
SỐ na cac no ốc c8 REGRET
2 Winning the football pools meant we could buy a new car
ENABLED
Trang 13he plane if he waits
oo exh Suen Satta eae SE RAR RISKS
4 I believed you were the ieee M2627” Lời
5 Does using the hotel swimming pool cost extra?
sein sae nee en PAY
6 I think that this is the right street
TỰ 96 Li aaenpeassastngatenstet ot rete ue APPEARS
7 Jean succeeded in finishing all her work on time
BA i uy vong an 0030 MANAGED
8 They said they would like me to stay with them in Florida
EAI CG EINE ND EMMOTT ET OTS INVITED
9 Calling Jim is pointless, because his phone is out of order
SC ye ens Seog Sods dbo pinto nemo tot tayo ees vaca anne ne USE
10 It is compulsory for all students to leave a cash deposit
PI Le ne Se tej Paci ake ct zhao sens seecee savgnsomensytvso ry fase REQUIRED
D Put one suitable word in each space
L- Thể ð0vetnment ‹ ; to reduce inflation by strict control of the
economy
0 SE COHIGTE B222 cv AM oay actually living in a place like that!
3 The arrested man having been anywhere near the bank
T20 0.2202 c7 the customs officer to ignore the gold bars in he -
bag |
+ TU VYỢU 2 7 0 yên anyone waiting for me when you passed my -
office?
Đi ae ee to split the cost of all the bills
ef 4 WS et Be isan to get to the station when I fell and injured my — ee
8 We girongly all clients to take out their own travd insurance
sự VẢ, #52300 heir turning off the gas, now you mention it
- Margaret doesnt really to ask staff to work overtime 01
Friday
E Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown, so that th ing says
the same : at the meaning
1 Is that the manager? I have a complaint about my room
26 - F11
Is that the manager? | WISH - :.xa¿ 6x22 s2100072))224100221400.7139/7721501 2312557 /0)
You waste time if you copy your work out again, don't do it
dJỢN L2 ssi17x2ss2xxác?42 s60 x0712311232 8011550197 85515341anxvsrsHfirfii- T01)
3 I bet you wouldn't ask David to come with you to the party!
VEE oi 5 Ipecac aac hc veal tea vec bas back ee bee bea OR os oc ge
4 Brenda really hates staying in expensive hotels
Brenda Can't sxscc6ccsx 121560 03254:x40112g116065112fez9iVxsoET29ESTTRSYI PT iTRfaarirfiP 5 “Please don't leave me on my own,” Martin begged us
Martin bégBð€d 2 25552266011 06 10410102,5x1141257/5W)010/90230)9454 227422707 12tr
6 If you work for this company, you have to travel a lot
Working for this company inVOlVES .- ccecce1e sects ceeteeenseseseeesnseseneesensesenenes 7 Joe doesn't like it when people treat him like a child
JOS TESCHMS oi 0 cc scecnsescstenyederscbpnoceer-vavevtetasavaen comaarean Penpscetiel nnnastrobnatertsegeotngs
8 You should go to the dentist's at once
Dom't PUÍ 55+ n2 322 nh nh HT 010.00 01114008018081000100800 1g 9, It was resolved that the matter would be brought up at the next meeting
They resolyed coseceseeserscnerssecessosssaacceavensasenssssenerecmer couacanseeree
10 The police were told that the use of unnecessary force was forbidden
The police were instructed ::cccseeseeseesees sesseteecnsseeresenssesecsearsreneneesenees
t
F Complete each sentence with a suitable word or phrase
I5 90IEBWDE 0222271222 1022023 8x2 I would be out, but I forgot
23 TU VYOMWTCAIY 2.22 050 5 to your friends, why not phone them? 3; Sithat's allfor now dak thn etait ae hear from you soon!
AS TE take the new JOD, 1L 06 0a co working a lot harder!
Độ Ane ÿ0U st1ÌL LIEDQ/ (T002 0217102 going out for a meal?
Ges eae een be standing outside the bank, and I saw the robbery take
place
72]aH€/15 3 ios os eis be the most outstanding player in the team § Iwish you wouldnt complaining all the time!
Trang 14” ừ xác định) trước d Đ
Ta sử dụng definite article: “the (mạo từ Xe" °‡ / ; T1 7n a” HC Anh tu dé
ung trong cac ngu canh trinh tron
chỉ chủng loại Cách dùng này được sử đ hàn L
chi chung Trong các ngữ cảnh it trinh trọng hơn thì ta sử dụng dai g loai Cach dung loa g na) at ‘ nh từ ở dạng 8n SỐ nhiều A XÃ ì
khơng cĩ mạo từ để chỉ chủng loại oie
Vi du: The tiger is threatened with extinction
* National groups :
Ta dùng “the” trước các tính từ chỉ quo
từ chỉ người mang quốc tịch đĩ nĩi chung
Ví dụ: France(n) => French(adj) => The French = French people The French eat in restaurant more than the English,
Nếu để cập đến một người mang một quốc tịch nào đĩ thì ta dùng definite article: “a/an” (mao tir khéng xac dinh) nhu sau: Frenchwoman, an c tịch để hình thành một dạnh A Frenchman, a Englishman, an Englishwwoman * Other groups “The” cịn được sử dụng trước tên các nhĩm nhạc, nhĩm hoạt động xã hội
Vi du: The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, The Social Democrats
Ghi chú: Khơng dùng mạo từ trước các nhĩm nhạc sau: Pink Floyd,
Queen
* Unique objects
Ta sử dụng “the” trước các danh từ chỉ vật hay người duy nhất như là
The Moon, the sun
* Titles
Ta thường sử dụng “the” trước các danh hiệu chỉ người
Ví dụ: The director of studies, the manager
Nếu danh hiệu đĩ được bồ nghĩa bởi các cụm từ phía sau (cĩ sự mơ tả
theo sau danh từ), thì khơng nhất thiết phải sử dụng “the”
Ví dụ: She became President in 1998
She became (the) President of the United States in 1998
a imes Ta sử dụng “the” trước tên các tờ báo: The Independent, The Sunday
Trước tên các cuốn sách, các bộ phim thi ta khong sir dung “the” 28 - E11 i Ỉ i Ỉ h Ỉ Ị Ệ Ỉ | | Ị |
Ta sử dụng “the” trước tên các nhạc cụ khi ta đề cập đến khả năng
chơi nhạc cụ đĩ của chủ ngữ Nếu đơn thuần chỉ mơ tả việc chơi một thứ
nhạc cụ nào đĩ thì khơng cần thiết phải sử dụng mạo từ này
Vi du: Jane can play the guitar very well
He is very talented He can play both the piano and the violin At the concert, Jim played a flute and Paul played a recorder
* Geographical names
Ta sử dụng “the” trong các trường hợp sau: ~ Trước tên các con sơng: the Thames - Trước tên các dãy núi: the Alps
- Trude tên các đại duong: The Pacific Ocean, the Mediterranean
- Trước tên các yếu tố duy nhất: the Channel, the Arctic
- Trước tên các khu vực: the East, the Middle East
- Trước tên các nước sau: The United States, The United
Kingdom, The Netherlands, The Philippines
+ Lưu ý: Ta khơng sử dụng “the” cho tên các nước cịn lại: France tên các ngọn núi: Fuji , châu lục: Asia tên hồ: Lake Geneva
* Place names
Nếu các danh từ chỉ nơi chốn được theo sau bởi bể: ngữ (đặc biệt là
voi “of”) thi ta phải dùng “the”
Ví dụ: Leeds University => The University of Leeds
The Tower of London, The Isle of Man
* Superlative form
Trước các dạng so sánh bậc nhất ta luơn luơn dùng “the”
Vi du: This is the most expensive hotel in town
It is the bigg est project I have ever work in
2 Indefinite articles: “a/an”
Trang 15_alled while you were out,
k ople: A Mr Jones called a if
i
* Unknown peop’: ’ ‘4h Silo ae
i «2/an” trong tFƯỜnE hop nay Tang Ney „ ae Jones 5 Ì \ nĩi khơng hề biết đên ong /On*° 3 Zero articles Ta khơng dùng mạo từ trong c * Names: 5 : Mathew Smith is one of my favoutite artists ác trường hợp sau: * Streets: 4
Green Road, Godwin Street - :
Lưu ý: The High Street, The Strand ` * Sports: 6 Football, tennis * Subjects: a Mathematics, chemistry 8 Bài tập ứng dung
A In each space put “a/an” or “the” or leave the space blank 2
It has been announced that for (1) third consecutive 10
month there has been (2) risen (3) 2s ng number of VI) 2 e2 — unemployed, rather than (5) fall that had
been predicted MO) apes oes rise was blamed on (7) -= Cc
ee ae gee v4 (SJR Xe government economic poli2
đ couldn t come at (9) worse time for (10) ị ”-
ae Minister, who is facing (11 ) growing criticism ove 5w
Pe serait way (13) ., nhưng present crisis is being handle¿ R3
MPs are increasingly WOICING: (19) 7 677 Ti fears that are
despite ( 16) g0 122/80 3) recent devaluation of (17) Se pound Ỉ
oe cuts in Oe eS aA interest rates oy nae ent 3
A expects (201 2.-., S1 2) 2 272Ÿ434xy cv sas+ Ị
even ee ce oe # HẠ of the economy to take three Ỉ :
s worst:
(2 00a numbe: Y4 0Á Q2 matters
iguidation i sil @ 24) Pisiness going into (23)-nomr |
housing market is showing nhe record level, and (25) . -
& No signs of recove rs expe 8
general election : before (27) ty Some backbenche h
Wint z
ki there is (29)
S50b9eevensabcosresee’
B Correct the errors in these sentences
_ It's not a first-class accommodation unless it has a private bathroom.-
We are against war in general, so of course we are against war like this between superpower and developing country
Choose the most suitable word underlined A dash (-) means that no
article is needed
Helen doesn't like the/ - cream cakes sold in a/ the local bakery
The/ - basketball is fast becoming a/ the popular sport worldwide
We could see that the/ - Alps were covered in the/ - snow
It's a/ - long time since I met a/- lovely person like you!
Diana has a/ -_ degree in the/ -_ engineering from the/ -_ University of
London
At the/ - present moment, the/ - man seems to have the/ an_ uncertain
future
The/ - problem for the/ - today's students is how to survive financially
The/ - French enjoy spending holidays in the/- covatryside
Please do noi turn on a/the_ water-heater in a/ the bathroom
10 Sue bought a/the Picasso ! was telling you about the/ - last week -
Trang 16or the, or leave the space blank
In each space put a/an
: m going to stand for - Parliament at -: - next election,
2 When I lel suúon, | bad to stand Mh cẻ que,
1 taxi ÍOr - long time
Be WEI Koen ints trip around London and SaW - Tower Bridge
đa ao happiness of the majority depends on - hard work from
everyone
BC eee cas most main roads in this part Obs was country folloy
fees line of roads built by - Romans
6 Have you got latest record by - Gipsy Kings?
ToS his time, I would like to take up - archery
Ri We Shell soe, pleasant evening having .- drink at 7
Robin Hood
Dinette: Nile flows right through .- city
Br ie summer Ï spent ín USA was one of best in my life
E In each space put a/an or the, or leave the space blank
E' Go doWn 2 2 Kingston Street and turn right Imto Mill
Road
2; Please letmeé carry shopping, 1Es « least I can do 3 1 don't like MR cee a coffee
S0 NA first woman to cross Atlantic Im -
canoe
5 Jim became furniture salesman after leaving school
6 Ale EH 0S Busy day, 22 sleep is best |
tonic : f
vẽ nghe James Joyce I knew wasn't novelist and wasn!t . -: Irish i
either i
: a TĨI 62 : ly lờ MEN HS sun comes out :
+53 0 — oo ast time : en yous 22 favour for - while
Wi08 Wt oa Hilton so you can leave me .- message F Correct the errors in these Sentences,
1 The time you do: : rere
Spend’ on the relaxing pastime is good for you HON ene eed ee nee eeneeservaneesecee le (hà 261v X2 5X (` 462064 Y1: LO ee 10 71010 550, T172 V42 2/0117, 1x4 08040 1 v27 S10 211+ xát \ 0c xsacG bi d0ýc0114/14490Ẽ (an 10 _ won ee ce ve Don't you work in record shop in High Street? weasel?
In each space put a/an or the, or leave the space blank
na Please watch AG 12.7 cabin attendant as she demonstrates use
Oe Ia oxygen mask
P4UILSDEH( S2 26-: BBIf of HS H6 1H Far East
ý 3 0U naV105US6/ A0602 te least ant pimt and half of
milk
L)ICK HBSY 025 Tần: sore throat and is taking medicire
We arranged accommodation on + outskirts of city Could you give me information I asked for in tetter I sent you?
1;bonghHlll.ssves jewellery for my sister but it wasnt kind she likes
Trang 17ì SITIONS
VIL VERBS FOLLOWED BY PREPO
I Dé6ng tir theo sau bởi giới từ in :
to absorbed in something (especially:
to confide in someone
|
— £ one in something ni to deal with someone/something to cram with something (especially passive: be crammed with)
to discuss something with someone
«said in tei to concern with something (usually passive: be concerned with)
abso 00k) to confront someone with something
to confuse someone/something with someone/something
to implicate some
to involve someone in something
: | :
to face with something (especially passive: be faced with)
to ingratiate oneself with someone
to meet with something (especially: meet with an accident)
to pack with something (especially passive: be packed with) to plead with someone
to provide someone with something to tamper with something
to trust someone with something to result in something
to specialise in something
to succeed in something
2 Déng tir theo sau boi giới từ for
to account for something
to allow for something (to take into consideration)
to apologise for something/someone (on their behalf: Let me apoio alse |
for Jack.) _% Động từ theo sau bởi giới từ from
to blame someone for something Ỉ to bar someone from a place
to care for something/someone ị to benefit from something
to cater for something/someone : ' to derive something from something
to charge someone for something (make them pay vn it) Ỉ to deter someone from something
to count for something (especially: I count for nothing in this company.) — to differ from something
| | | |
to earmark somethingfor a particular use
to pay for someone/something
3 Động từ theo sau bởi giới từ 0ƒ
to accuse someone of something
to convict someone of something
to remind someone of something
to suspect someone of something
4 Động từ theo sau bởi giới từ with
to acquaint someone with something to associate something with someone to charge someone with something
to clutter with something (especially passive: The room was cluttered»
to distinguish one thing from another thing (also: distinguish between two things)
to distract someone from something
to exempt someone from something
_ to expel someone from a place
to refrain from something
to resign from something
to result from something to stem from something
to suffer from something
to translate one language from/into another language
6 Động từ theo sau bởi giới từ on
to base something on something with boxes.) _ inci ith somethin to blame something on someone to.co’ to Ân ething : to centre something on something (usually passive: be centred on) m * *
i to concentrate something on something
to comply with somethi ply mething VN _
` EIT -35
Trang 18
ing tes ins n someth 2 to congratulate someone Oo to decide on something to depend on someone/ to elaborate on something to impose on someone to insist on something/someone
to pride oneself on something
7 Déng tir theo sau boi giới từ against
to insure something against something
to protest against something
8 Động từ theo sau bởi gidi tir about
to argue about something
to be concerned about something (be worried about) to boast about something
to decide about something
to dream about something
to protest about something
9 Déng tir theo sau boi gidi tir out
to phase something out
10 Động từ theo sau boi giới từ at to glance at something
to guess at something
to hint at something
to marvel at something
11 Động từ theo sau bởi giới từ to
to answer to something (especially: answer to a description) to appeal to someone (beg): It appeals to me (I like the idea.)
to apply oneself to something (She applied herself to her studies.)
to apply to something (This rule doesn't apply to you.) to attend to something said/heard
to attribute something to someone
something
doing something
to commit oneself to something (especially passive: be committed to) |
to confess to something
to devote oneself to something
to prefer one thing to another thing
to react to something
36 - E11
to refer to something (This number refers to the next page.)
to refer someone to someone (The doctor referred me to a specialist.)
to be resigned to something to resort to something
to see fo something (meaning make sure it is done) to subject someone to something
to succeed to the throne
to be used to doing something Bài tập ứng dụng Rea Oat ee ae OE ae = S `2 ee Por 217 0Ä cà o
Choose the most suitable word underlined
I discussed with him/ the matter with him afternoon
We believe that our radio programmes should cater to/ cater for all tastes
The police tried to blame the accident on Harry/ for Harry
The Minister is resigned to having to cancel/ to have to cancel the scheme
Carol was sitting in a corner engrossed in/ with checking the figures
They accused Helen of/with stealing the gold bullion
Several youths have been barred from/ to the disco for rowdy behaviour
The victim had been subjected to/ with a vicious unprovoked attack The bus roiled down the slope and collided with/ into a van
Everything now depends from/ on the weather tomorrow morning
Complete each sentence with one suitable preposition
I really prefer Jjust about anything watching television
This year's conference coincided two other major conventions
Is it possible to Insure my bike theft?
‘The problem stems 2 041202, the government's lack of action
When | asked Jean, she hinted the chance of a promction for me
Đeing rich doesnt count much on a desert island
1 BIGAOGd SG 0 y John to change his mind, but he wouldn't listen
I can't stand the way she is always boasting her wealthy
parents
My grandfather is always confusing Madonna Maradona
10 Could yeu please rcfrain smoking in the lecture hall
11 Dave's pockets were crammed empty chocolate wrappers
Trang 19the mistake
12 Everyone tried to blame Janet
13 When I retired, I devoted myself improving my golf
military service because of his 4 :
ad
14 Tim was exempted . -
heart ’
15 Mary specialises - designing a and concert halls,
16 That creep! He is always trying to ingratiate himself the bose 17 The Prime Minister refused to elaborate -: what he haq si
earlier
18 I'm afraid that the parking regulations apply - n everyone, sir 19 On its first voyage, the Titanic met - disaster
20, Tro feallý not ủsed ‹2: being treated like that!
21 I wish you'd stop arguing . - politics all the time
22 Could you deal this problem - I'm rather busy
23 The lights are designed to deter burglars approaching the house
24 Your plan doesnt allow - changes in the weather
25 I would like to protest .- your treatment of the staff
26 Damage to the building resulted .- an unusually hiph wind
21 Wereally marvelléd 7 2045-40 Helen's conjuring tricks
28 I am not really concerned that side of the business
29 The Minister is also implicated the scandal
30 The company is committed raising salaries and improving |
conditions j '
C Put one word in each space Each word is a form of a verb listed at the
beginning of this unit
1 The idea of marriage doesnt to me ị
De Wee in finding Ann's house at the second attempt |
3 However poor I was I would not to stealing
Go FABVe VOW ee, for the wind speed in your calculations?
5 He confessed when he was with the evidence
6 You need toe 0i ni, yourself more to your work
te PU ea himself on his punctuality
WES 2 2 from doing my work by the music
Pe ee ae for breaking your electric drill
for everyone's lunch yesterday
38 - E11
D Rewrite each sentence so that it
that the meaning stays the same
1 Peter always trusts me with his secrets IN
contains the word in capitals, and so
3 I don't understand the reference of this phrase TO 4 There were a lot of people on the bus | WITH
12 Collecting stamps gives me a lot of pleasure DERIVE
13 The arrested man did not look the same as the wanted man
ANSWER
15 The deaths of over fifty people were caused by the storm
Trang 20he real truth GUESSED
ut t
17 We can only make a guess abo
18 You haven't
ACCOUNTED
20 Brian is good at looking after the sick
E Choose the most suitable word or phrase ;
1 Iwould never have -::: Jim of being the culprit
A accused B convicted C suspected D remindgi
2 How đid Sheila - to the news of her award?
A react B answer C confess D appeal
3 Someone has been : with the tock of the cash box
A cluttering B dealing C tampering D matchiny
4 Don't worry about the lunch [T - to it
A succeed B apply C devote D see
5 More than two hundred police officers are in th investigation
A absorbed B engrossed C specialised D involvel
6 The trouble with Jean is that she is with sport!
A obsessed B packed C matched D dealt
7 Tony's parents decided that he couldnt be .- with money
A acquainted B.complied C trusted D met
8 Pauline and Helen on our staying for lunch
A, congratulated B insisted
š agp ee D concentrated -
` €se regulatiors have to be with
A complied B provided C faced Dp, met
10, Qur thoughts 0n our four missing coll A based B centred C imposed ốc S
40 - E11
VII PREPOSITIONS FOLLOWING ADJECTIVES, AND IN PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
A, Adjectives + prepositions (Gidi tir theo sau các tính từ.)
1 Of: afraid of, ashamed of, aware of, capable of, conscious of, fond
of, full of, be good of (someone to do something), indicative of, irrespective
of, jealous of
2 About: annoyed about, anxious about, certain about, excited about,
pleased about, right about, sorry about, upset about, wrong about
3 With: angry with (a person), annoyed with (a person), bored with, commensurate with, connected with, be good at dealing with, happy with incompatible with, obsessed with, pleased with, preoccupied with
4 At:
at, surprised at
5 On: keen on
6 To: addicted to, attentive to, grateful to, kind to, immune to, impervious to, indifferent to, liable to (likely to suffer from), married to,
prone to
7 By: baffled by, bored by, detained by, distressed by, plagued by, shocked by, surprised by
8 For: early for, eligible for, famous for, late for, liable for (legally
responsible), ready for, responsible far, sorry for
9 In: deficient in, experienced in, implicated in, interested in
10 From: absent from, derived from, different from, safe from, missing
from
B Nouns + prepositions (Gidi từ theo sau các danh từ.)
1 On: an authority on (expert), ban on, comment on, effect on,
influence on, restriction on, tax on
Bolo: access to, an alternative to, an attitude to, an exception to, a
solution to,a threat to, a witness to
angry at (a person), annoyed at (a person), be bad at, be good
3 Over: be in authority over, have control over, be indispute over
something
4, With: contrast with, be indispute with someone, encounter with, link
with, quarrel with, relationship with
5 For: admiration for, craving for, credit for, cure for, desire for,
disregard | for, provision for, recipe for, respect for, responsibility for, room for, sympathy for
Trang 21từ
ca - ầ ằng giới : a/1Ð %
C Các cụm từ băt đầu băng § sige all likelihood, in answe;
š ; e bala : Pie X
I In: os Se : ac ag of, in collaboration with, in compa i e cha > 5 x h
any case, in charge of, in the cha ones in dispute, in distress, in the Ts, f something, be in favour With Bass cee eda : somffrt, in decline, im đc d be in favour 0
stages, in earnest, in the en Ề cơn
someone, in fear of (being afraid of), in (good) 5 harmon
high spirits, in jeopardy, in one W
in response to, in short, in theory,
with the exception of,
ay or another, in practice, in TeCOgnitiog i
in time, in trouble, in turn f
with intent to, with regard to, with
ì
2 With:
view to :
San at any rate, at fault, at first sight, at the first/second attempy
the end, at large ‘
4 On: on average, on approval, on a regular basis, on behalf Of op
the contrary, on good terms, on loan, on the market (for sale), on (its) meri
on offer, on purpose, on the verge of
5 Beyond: beyond belief, beyond a joke, beyond the shadow ofa dou
6 By: by coincidence, by mistake, by the time, by rights, by surprise
7 For: for fear of (because something might happen), for life, not h
long, for the foreseeable future, for the time being
8 Out of: out of breath, out of control, out of danger, out of doors, a
of focus, out of luck, out of the ordinary, out of pocket, out of praccice, oy
of all proportion, out of reach, out of stock, out of work i 9 Under: under age, under the circumstances, under control, under a
of, be under the impression that, under the influence of, under (a law), under
obligation, under pressure, under repair, under stress, under suspicion
10 Without: without a chance, without delay, without exception, ie
a word Ỉ
11 Within: within the law, within reach
12 After: after all
Bài tập ứng dụng
A Choose the most suitable word underlined
1 Diane showed a complete disregard for/ with her own safety
I was totally baffled by/ of Tim's behaviour
For Romeo and Juliet it was love at/ with first sight
They wouldn't let me in the Pub because I was below/ under age:
Our house has been in/ on the market for months ee eb 42 - E11 6 You are perfectly ca thought!
` walked On tiptoe for/ from fear of being discovered This is one of the exceptions of/ to the rule
T am surprised at/ by you, forgetting your briefcase like that 0 We met at the hotel completely by/from coincidence
pable for/ of making your own bed, I would have
in va
B Rewrite each sentence so that it contains the word in capitals, and so
that the meaning stays the same
1 Please send the letter as soon as possible DELAY
2 You have to pay two months' rent before you move in ADVANCE
3 We get on very well with our next-door neighbours
4 Everybody wants Pauline as an ster-dituer speaker “DEMAND
9 You can't get to the village in winter because of the snow ACCESS
11 I think this word comes from ancient Greek DERIVED -
14 Paul went to see the bank manager about getting a loan VIEW
RẺ vê VI cong oe een Ne os fa (2 02301212064
16 It's uncertain whether the band's tour will take place BALANCE
Trang 22Bi ey tics NRE , XI
17 I wish I knew what to do about Ce ee
LỆ h0 cy cal Saha yssteenyr ne ren sree
18 You can walk to the station easily from the giờ 5 Wt aa a
ni l0 1x 22/6226 perenne sate HP
19 Karen received a medal for her services ` get
He rettderrrrtrrtetrtemtrirtteirt0110 nh TA
table preposition in each space
C Put one suitable prep Vi ieognS0 0C:
1 Helen had great admiration :
2 I'm afraid I'm not very good animals
3 The favourite dropped out of the rac© -: nen t he early stages,
BAS ý j7 2 vs v7 the impression that you liked Indian food
5 The minister stated that no real alternative the plan
existed
$6.7 THIS town is famMous<e a sta its hand-woven carpets
7 Your performance this term contrasts very fẩVOTaDISS 100 0: 2U) last ‘term's 8 Many young people become addicted drugs through ignorance 9 Apparently a number of army officers were implicated the plot
10 Carol doesn't have a very good relationshIp - her mother |
D Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the meaning sta)
the same
1 After trying twice, Ivan broke the record when he tried the third time
Ivan broke the record Sainte) oe cn eeu ere rene
2 The meeting will probably be cancelled
TH 146620106100 2esi 188i sf6si ti, EtiAidiik rp dt 1o ca Nie
3 Considering your position, we won't press charges
LH c2 s46 22x a6 020M la on ci sp S2 pc TA Da ng Ha NHAN,
4 NT you will be able to walk quite normally
Độ tk Nfiltigi-A0BS22Ao S00) regtiasac dese pear a Cheeta et ở BỤT TT 5 The students are living temporarily in a caravan For the : In one 44- E11 8 a for my colleagues, I would like to thank you lv dc He ba ea 011348010 s1 Seve 6s 878190 1e 015115 720000158 SS 9 | thought you had accepted I was under With
E Choose the most suitable word or phrase
ies lt Was Very POOd 5 nee 2, you to help Dave with his homework
A for B to C with D of
Pe eNOtnINg S2 0 p7 the ordinary ever happens here
A from B out of C about D within
3 The union and the management are in over working conditions
A advance B practice C collaboration D dispute 4 After rumning up the stairs Ï was quite breath
A out of B from C without D beyond
5 I'm afraid that this incident could put your career here - ;
A beyond a joke B in jeopardy C in earnest D at fault
Oe NG ALG Ger ut tocol: no obligation to change goods which were not
purchased here
A with B to C under D at
7 _It seems to be your boss who is fault in this case
A at B under C with D for
8 It's too late to phone Jill at work, at any :
A case B time C situation D rate Độ 21102015 40 authority 2 222120222742 Byzantine architecture
A for B.on C with D in
MOET KECKOM MARI 1S 0011 2y5 vi of a nervous breakdown
A in charge B under suspicion C on the verge D indicative
F Complete each sentence with a suitable word or phrase
1 Freddy wrote the book in three of his colleagues