Chem Biochem Review Questions - key

Chemistry/Biochemistry Review - Honors Test Format: (70 points total; 74 possible) • 40 multiple choice • Matching • 14 Name that compound (Carb, lipid, protein, nucleic acid) • Short answer (like one or two words) • Bonus – molecule recognition General Chemistry Review (2.1-2.2) Question Mass # = particles that make up an atom Atoms of or more elements that are joined by a chemical bond in definite proportions Atoms of the same element that differ in the # of neutrons Uses of radioactive isotopes When an atom gains or loses electron(s) it becomes an: Bond type where electrons are given or taken away Bond type where electrons are shared between atoms Polar Molecule 10 Which side of water is slightly negatively charged? 11 Which side of water is slightly positively charged? 12 Water’s attraction to other water molecules 13 Water’s attraction to other molecules (besides water) 14 Type of bond holding one water molecule together 15 Type of bond holding two water molecules together 16 A mixture where components are evenly spread out 17 Substance which is being dissolved 18 Substance in which the solute is dissolved 19 Why does water dissolve so many things? 20 Compare concentrations of H+ to OH- in an acid 21 Compare concentrations of H+ to OH- in a base 22 Compare concentrations of H+ to OH- in a neutral solution 23 Where you find acids on the pH scale? 24 Where you find bases on the pH scale? 25 Something with a pH of is how many times more acidic than something with a pH of 5? 26 A process that changes one set of chemicals to another 27 Where are reactants in a chemical equation? 28 Products? 29 Solutions that try to maintain a relatively constant pH Answer Protons + neutrons On left side of arrow On right side of arrow Biochemistry Review (2.3-2.4) Clue What element is found in all organic compounds? How many bonds can carbon form with other atoms? Why? A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction All the bonds between the carbon atoms are single bonds in this type of lipid Amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction Starch, glycogen and cellulose are examples of this Answer macromolecule Fats, waxes, and oils are examples of these parts of a nucleotide parts of an amino acid (besides the H atom) 10 Give two examples of nucleic acids 11 Carbohydrate found in plant cell walls 12 How animals store excess sugar (glucose) 13 How plants store excess sugar 14 Type of fat that is liquid at room temperature 15 Make up 50% of your dry weight 16 Makes up triglyceride 17 Many monomers joined together 18 Many sugars linked together 19 Monomer for carbohydrates 20 Monomer for lipids 21 Monomer for nucleic acids 22 Monomer for proteins 23 Single units/building blocks of polymers 24 Type of lipid that is solid at room temperature 25 Supply main/primary source of energy for cells 26 The macromolecules of life 27 Glucose, fructose and galactose are examples of 28 The process of forming large compounds by joining together smaller compounds 29 The ratio of H:O in carbohydrates 30 There are some double bonds between carbon atoms in this type of lipid 31 Two factors that can effect the rate of enzyme activity 32 Type of bond that forms when two amino acids are joined 33 What is the purpose of nucleic acids 34 Where the substrate and the enzyme bind/join 35 End is ASE 36 End in OSE 37 Changing the 3-D shape of a protein (heat too much) 38 Which of the levels of protein structure is the sequence of the chain of amino acids? 39 Which of the levels of protein structure is the folding of one entire chain, due to R group attractions? 40 Role of lipids 41 Identify the following as a fatty acid, amino acid or a monosaccharide Fatty acid monosaccharide ... acids 34 Where the substrate and the enzyme bind/join 35 End is ASE 36 End in OSE 37 Changing the 3-D shape of a protein (heat too much) 38 Which of the levels of protein structure is the sequence