Tổng hợp đề thi IELTS reading test practice with answer IELTS fighter tổng hợp

IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ Reading Reading Passage has four sections A-D Choose the correct heading for the each section from the list of headings below Write the correct number i-vi in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet List of Headings i Causes of volcanic eruption ii Efforts to predict volcanic eruption iii Volcanoes and the features of our planet iv Different types of volcanic eruption v International relief efforts vi The unpredictability of volcanic eruption Section A Section B Section C Section D Volcanoes - earth-shattering news When Mount Pinatubo suddenly erupted on June 1991, the power of volcanoes past and present again hit the headlines A Volcanoes are the ultimate earth-moving machinery A violent eruption can blow the top fewkilometres off a mountain, scatter fine ash practically all over the globe and hurt rock fragments into the stratosphere to darken the skies a continent away But the classic eruption - cone-shaped mountain, big bang, mushroom cloud and surges of molten lava - is only a tiny part of a global story Volcanism, the name given to volcanic processes, really has shaped the world Eruptions have rifted continents, raised mountain chains, constructed islands and shaped the topography of the earth The entire ocean floor has IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ a basement of volcanic basalt Volcanoes have not only made the continents, they are also thought to have made the world’s first stable atmosphere and provided all the water for the oceans, rivers and ice-caps There are now about 600 active volcanoes Every year they add two or three cubic kilometres of rock to the continents Imagine a similar number of volcanoes smoking away for the last 3,500 million years That is enough rock to explain the continental crust What comes out of volcanic craters is mostly gas More than 90% of this gas is water vapour from the deep earth: enough to explain, over 3,500 million years, the water in the oceans The rest of the gas is nitrogen, carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, methane, ammonia and hydrogen The quantity of these gases, again multiplied over 3,500 million years, is enough to explain the mass of the world’s atmosphere We are alive because volcanoes provided the soil, air and water we need B Geologists consider the earth as having a molten core, surrounded by a semi-molten mantle and a brittle, outer skin It helps to think of a soft-boiled egg with a runny yolk, a firm but squishy white and a hard shell If the shell is even slightly cracked during boiling, the white material bubbles out and sets like a tiny mountain chain over the crack - like an archipelago of volcanic islands such as the Hawaiian Islands But the earth is so much bigger and the mantle below is so much halter Even though the mantle rocks are kept solid by overlying pressure, they can still slowly ‘flow’ like thick treacle The flow, thought to be in the form of convection currents, is powerful enough to fracture the ‘eggshell’ of the crust into plates, and keep them bumping and grinding against each other, or even overlapping, at the rate of a few centimetres a year These fracture zones, where the collisions occur, are where earthquakes happen And, very often, volcanoes C These zones are lines of weakness, or hot spots Every eruption is different, but put at its simplest, where there are weaknesses, rocks deep in the mantle, heated to 1,350oC, will start to expand and rise As they so, the pressure drops, and they expand and become liquid and rise more swiftly IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ Sometimes it is slow: vast bubbles of magma - molten rock from the mantle - inch towards the surface, cooling slowly, to show through as granite extrusions (as on Skye, or the Great Whin Sill, the lava dyke squeezed out like toothpaste that carries part of Hadrian’s Wall in northern England) Sometimes - as in Northern Ireland, Wales and the Karoo in South Africa - the magma rose faster, and then flowed out horizontally on to the surface in vast thick sheets In the Deccan plateau in western India, there are more than two million cubic kilometres of lava, some of it 2,400 metres thick, formed over 500,000 years of slurping eruption Sometimes the magma moves very swiftly indeed It does not have time to cool as it surges upwards The gases trapped inside the boiling rock expand suddenly, the lava glows with heat, it begins to froth, and it explodes with tremendous force Then the slightly cooler lava following it begins to flow over the lip of the crater It happens on Mars, it happened on the moon, it even happens on some of the moons of Jupiter and Uranus By studying the evidence, vulcanologists can read the force of the great blasts of the past Is the pumice light and full of holes? The explosion was tremendous Are the rocks heavy, with huge crystalline basalt shapes, like the Giant’s Causeway in Northern Ireland? It was a slow, gentle eruption The biggest eruption are deep on the mid-ocean floor, where new lava is forcing the continents apart and widening the Atlantic by perhaps five centimetres a year Look at maps of volcanoes, earthquakes and island chains like the Philippines and Japan, and you can see the rough outlines of what are called tectonic plates - the plates which make up the earth’s crust and mantle The most dramatic of these is the Pacific ‘ring of fire’ where there have the most violent explosions - Mount Pinatubo near Manila, Mount St Helen’s in the Rockies and El Chichón in Mexico about a decade ago, not to mention world-shaking blasts like Krakatoa in the Sunda Straits in 1883 D But volcanoes are not very predictable That is because geological time is not like human time During quiet periods, volcanoes cap themselves with their own lava by forming a powerful cone from the molten rocks slopping over the rim of the crater; later the lava cools slowly into a huge, hard, stable plug which blocks any further eruption until the pressure below becomes irresistible In the case of Mount Pinatubo, this took 600 years Then, sometimes, with only a small warning, the mountain blows its top It did this at Mont IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ Pelée in Martinique at 7.49 a.m on May, 1902 Of a town of 28,000, only two people survived In 1815, a sudden blast removed the top 1,280 metres of Mount Tambora in Indonesia The eruption was so fierce that dust thrown into the stratosphere darkened the skies, canceling the following summer in Europe and North America Thousands starved as the harvest failed, after snow in June and frosts in August Volcanoes are potentially world news, especially the quiet ones Questions 5-9 Answer the questions below using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/ OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer Write your answers in boxes 5-9 on your answer sheet What are the sections of the earth’s crust, often associated with volcanic activity, called? What is the name given to molten rock from the mantle? What is the earthquake zone on the Pacific Ocean called? For how many years did Mount Pinatubo remain inactive? Questions 9-13 Complete the summary below Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer Write your answers in boxes 9-13 on your answer sheets Volcanic eruptions have shaped the earth’s land surface They may also have produced the world’s atmosphere and Eruptions occur when molten rocks from the earth’s mantle rise and expand When they become liquid, they move more quickly through cracks in the surface There are different types of eruption Sometimes the 10 moves slowly and forms outcrops of granite on the earth’s surface When it moves more quickly it may flow out in thick horizontal sheets Examples of this type of eruption can be found in Northern Ireland, Wales, South Africa and 11 A third type of eruption occurs when the lava emerges very quickly and 12 violently This happens because the magma moves so suddenly IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ that 13 are emitted IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ READING Experience versus speed Certain mental functions slow down with age, but the brain compensates in ways that can keep seniors as sharp as youngsters Jake, aged 16, has a terrific relationship with his grandmother Rita, who is 70 They live close by, and they even take a Spanish class together twice a week at a local college After class they sometimes stop at a cafe for a snack On one occasion, Rita tells Jake, 'I think it's great how fast you pick up new grammar It takes me a lot longer.' Jake replies, 'Yeah, but you don't seem to make as many silly mistakes on the quizzes as I How you that?' In that moment, Rita and Jake stumbled across an interesting set of differences between older and younger minds Popular psychology says that as people age their brains 'slow down' The implication, of course, is that elderly men and women are not as mentally agile as middle-aged adults or even teenagers However, although certain brain functions such as perception and reaction time indeed take longer, that slowing down does not necessarily undermine mental sharpness Indeed, evidence shows that older people are just as mentally fit as younger people because their brains compensate for some kinds of declines in creative ways that young minds not exploit Just as people's bodies age at different rates, so their minds As adults advance in age, the perception of sights, sounds and smells takes a bit longer, and laying down new information into memory becomes more difficult The ability to retrieve memories also quickly slides and it is sometimes harder to concentrate and maintain attention On the other hand, the ageing brain can create significant benefits by tapping into its extensive hoard of accumulated knowledge and experience The biggest trick that older brains employ is to use both hemispheres simultaneously to handle tasks for which younger brains rely predominantly on one side Electronic images taken by cognitive scientists at the University of Michigan, for example, have demonstrated that even when doing basic recognition or memorization exercises, seniors exploit the left and right side of the brain more extensively than men and women who are decades younger Drawing on both sides of the brain gives them a tactical edge, even if the speed of each hemisphere's process is slower IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ In another experiment, Michael Falkenstein of the University of Dortmund in Germany found that when elders were presented with new computer exercises they paused longer before reacting and took longer to complete the tasks, yet they made 50% fewer errors, probably because of their more deliberate pace One analogy for these results might be the question of who can type a paragraph 'better': a I6year-old who glides along at 60 words per minute but has to double back to correct a number of mistakes or a 70-year-old who strikes keys at only 40 words per minute but spends less time fixing errors? In the end, if 'better' is defined as completing a clean paragraph both people may end up taking the same amount of time Computerized tests support the notion that accuracy can offset speed In one so-called distraction exercise, subjects were told to look at a screen, wait for an arrow that pointed in a certain direction to appear, and then use a mouse to click on the arrow as soon as it appeared on the screen Just before the correct symbol appeared, however, the computer displayed numerous other arrows aimed in various other directions Although younger subjects cut through the confusion faster when the correct arrow suddenly popped up, they more frequently clicked on incorrect arrows in their haste Older test takers are equally capable of other tasks that not depend on speed, such as language comprehension and processing In these cases, however the elders utilize the brain's available resources in a different way Neurologists at Northwest University came to this conclusion after analyzing 50 people ranging from age 23 to 78 The subjects had to lie down in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machine and concentrate on two different lists of printed words posted side by side in front of them By looking at the lists, they were to find pairs of words that were similar in either meaning or spelling The eldest participants did just as well on the tests as the youngest did, and yet the MRI scans indicated that in the elders' brains, the areas which are responsible for language recognition and interpretation were much less active The researchers did find that the older people had more activity in brain regions responsible for attentiveness Darren Gleitman, who headed the study, concluded that older brains solved the problems just as effectively but by different means IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ Questions 1-3 Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D ans write them on your answer sheet from 1-3 The conversation between Jake and Rita is used to give an example of A the way we learn languages B the changes that occur in our brains over time C the fact that it is easier to learn a language at a young age D the importance of young and old people doing things together In paragraph six, what point is the analogy used to illustrate? A Working faster is better than working slower B Accuracy is less important than speed C Accuracy can improve over time D Working faster does not always save time In the computerized distraction exercises, the subjects had to A react to a particular symbol on the screen B type a text as quickly as possible C move an arrow in different directions around the screen D click on every arrow that appeared on the screen Questions 4-7 Complete each sentence with the correct ending A-F Write the correct letter A-F in boxes 4-7 on your answer sheet According to popular psychology Researchers at the University of Michigan showed that Michael Falkenstein discovered that Scientists at Northwest University concluded that A the older we get the harder it is to concentrate for any length of time B seniors take longer to complete tasks but with greater accuracy C old people use both parts of their brain more than young people IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ D older people use their brains differently but achieve the same result E the speed of our brain decreases with age F older people not cope well with new technology Questions 8-12 Complete the summary below Choose NO MORE THAN ONE WORD from the passage for each answer Write your answers in spaces 8-12 of your answer sheet People's bodies and grow older at varying stages As we age our senses take longer to process information and our aptitude for recalling _ also decreases However, older people's brains have several advantages Firstly, they can call upon both the 10 and 11 _ which is already stored in their brain Secondly, although the 12 of each side of their brain is reduced, they are able to use both sides at once IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ READING TEST Questions 1-4 Reading Passage has five sections A-E Choose the correct heading for section A and C-E from the list of headings below Write the correct number i-viii in boxes 28-31 on your answer sheet List of Headings i The connection between health-care and other human rights ii The development of market-based health systems iii The role of the state in health-care iv A problem shared by every economically developed country v The impact of recent change vi The views of the medical establishment vii The end of an illusion viii Sustainable economic development Section A Section C Section D Section E Example Answer Section B viii IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ 32 Our ancestors were not likely to kiss 33 Chimpanzees and bonbons kiss not for the romance 34 There are other animal, rather than apes, that kiss 35 Scent might be important in choosing your partner Questions 36–39 Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer Write your answers in boxes 35–39 on your answer sheet 36 According to the Mehinaku tribe, kissing is … 37 Human tradition is to … when they meet 38 A male black widow will mate with the female if only she is … 39 Humans benefit from getting close due to the fact that we have an … of smell Question 40 Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D 40 Passage can be described as: A B C D Strictly scientific text Historical article Article from a magazine Dystopian sketch ANSWERS Each question correctly answered scores mark Correct spelling is needed in all answers Section 1 D IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ A B C F G H E True 10.False 11.False 12.Not Given 13.True 14.Not Given 15.Not Given 16.True 17.True 18.False 19.False 20.True 21.Not Given 22.True 23.B 24.D 25.A 26.D 27.C 28.practically shutting down 29.20 minutes 30.are (effectively) paralysed 31.False 32.True 33.True IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ 34.False 35.True 36.gross 37.shake hands 38.not hungry 39.(an) atrocious sense 40.C TEST READING PASSAGE You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-12, which are based on Reading Passage below The potential to sniff out disease The fact diseases have a smell comes as no surprise - but finding someone or something that can detect them at an early stage could hold huge potential for medicine Breath, bodily odours and urine are all amazingly revealing about general health Even the humble cold can give off an odour, thanks to the thick bacteria-ridden mucus that ends up in the back of the throat The signs are not apparent to everyone - but some super-smellers are very sensitive to the odours Joy Milne, for example, noticed her husband's smell had changed shortly before he was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease Humans can detect nearly 10,000 different smells Formed by chemicals in the air, they are absorbed by little hairs, made of extremely sensitive nerve fibres, hanging from the nose's olfactory receptors And the human sense of smell is 10,000 times IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ more sensitive than the sense of taste But dogs, as the old joke might have had it, smell even better Their ability to detect four times as many odours as humans makes them a potential early warning system for a range of diseases Research suggesting dogs' could sniff out cancers, for example, was first published about 10 years ago And there have been many tales of dogs repeatedly sniffing an area of their owner's body, only for it to turn out to be hiding a tumour What they are smelling are the "volatile molecules" given off by cells when they become cancerous Some studies suggest dogs can be 93% accurate Others suggest they can detect very small tumours before clinical tests can And yet more studies have produced mixed results Does cancer smell? At Milton Keynes University Hospital, a small team has recently begun to collect human urine samples to test dogs' ability to detect the smell of prostate cancer The patients had symptoms such as difficulty urinating or a change in flow, which could turn out to be prostate, bladder or liver cancer Rowena Fletcher, head of research and development at the hospital, says the role of the dogs - which have been trained by Medical Detection Dogs - is to pick out samples that smell of cancer Further down the line, a clinical test will show if the dogs' diagnosis is correct She says the potential for using dogs in this way is farreaching - even if it is not practical to have a dog in every surgery "We hope one day that there could be an electronic machine on every GP's desk which could test a urine sample for diseases by smelling it," she says "But first we need to pick up the pattern of what the dogs are smelling." And that's the key Dogs can't tell us what their noses are detecting, but scientists believe that different cancers could produce different smells, although some might also be very similar IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ Electronic noses Lab tests to understand what these highly-trained dogs are smelling could then inform the development of 'electronic noses' to detect the same molecules These might then give rise to better diagnostic tests in the future The potential for using smell to test for a wide range of diseases is huge, Ms Fletcher says Bacteria, cancers and chronic diseases could all have their own odour - which may be imperceptible to only the most sensitive humans, but obvious to dogs It may be possible in the future to use disease odours as the basis for a national screening programme or to test everybody at risk of a certain cancer in a particular age group However, there are fewer than 20 dogs in the UK trained to detect cancer at present Training more will take more funding and time On the positive side, all dogs are eligible to be trained provided they are keen on searching and hunting Whatever their breed or size, it's our four-legged friend's astounding sense of smell which could unlock a whole new way of detecting human diseases Questions 1-5 Do the following statements agree with the information in the IELTS reading text? In boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet, write TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this You can have a specific smell even due to simple cold Human sense of taste is 10,000 less sensetive than human sense of smell Dogs and cats can sniff out different diseases Doctors believe that different cancers might have the same specific smell IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ There are more than 20 dogs in the UK trained to detect cancer Questions 6-9 Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D Write the correct letter in boxes 6-9 on your answer sheet All the studies suggest that dogs: A B C D Can be 93% accurate Can detect very small tumours Can't detect tumours at all Different studies have shown different results What scientists give dogs to detect cancer? A B C D Urine samples Bacterias Different odours Nothing What's an electronic nose? A B C D A specific tool for dogs A gadget to diagnose diseases A recovery tool for ill patients An artificial nose The main objective of this passage is to: A Bring awareness to the cancer problem IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ B Show us how good dogs are at detecting cancer C Show us how important it can be to be able to diagnose a disease by an odour D Tell us about new technologies Questions 10-12 Complete the sentences below Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer Write your answers in boxes 10-12 on your answer sheet 10 Scientists hope that one day an will be on every desk 11 Electronic nose would help to detect the -12 Dogs can a new way of diagnosing diseases READING PASSAGE You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 13-26, which are based on Reading Passage below Trash Talk Sorting through a mountain of pottery to track the Roman oil trade (A) In the middle of Rome’s trendiest neighborhood, surrounded by sushi restaurants and nightclubs with names like Rodeo Steakhouse and Love Story, sits the ancient world’s biggest garbage dump—a 150-foot-tall mountain of discarded Roman amphoras, the shipping drums of the ancient world It takes about 20 minutes to walk around Monte Testaccio, from the Latin testa and Italian cocci, both meaning “potsherd.” But despite its size—almost a mile in circumference— it’s easy to walk by and not really notice unless you are headed for some excellent pizza at Velavevodetto, a restaurant literally stuck into the mountain’s side Most local residents don’t know what’s underneath the grass, dust, and scattering of IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ trees Monte Testaccio looks like a big hill, and in Rome people are accustomed to hills (B) Although a garbage dump may lack the attraction of the Forum or Colosseum, I have come to Rome to meet the team excavating Monte Testaccio and to learn how scholars are using its evidence to understand the ancient Roman economy As the modern global economy depends on light sweet crude, so too the ancient Romans depended on oil—olive oil And for more than 250 years, from at least the first century A.D., an enormous number of amphoras filled with olive oil came by ship from the Roman provinces into the city itself, where they were unloaded, emptied, and then taken to Monte Testaccio and thrown away In the absence of written records or literature on the subject, studying these amphoras is the best way to answer some of the most vexing questions concerning the Roman economy—How did it operate? How much control did the emperor exert over it? Which sectors were supported by the state and which operated in a free market environment or in the private sector? (C) Monte Testaccio stands near the Tiber River in what was ancient Rome’s commercial district Many types of imported foodstuffs, including oil, were brought into the city and then stored for later distribution in the large warehouses that lined the river So, professor, just how many amphoras are there?” I ask José Remesal of the University of Barcelona, co-director of the Monte Testaccio excavations It’s the same question that must occur to everyone who visits the site when they realize that the crunching sounds their footfalls make are not from walking on fallen leaves, but on pieces of amphoras (Don’t worry, even the small pieces are very sturdy.) Remesal replies in his deep baritone, “Something like 25 million complete ones Of course, it’s difficult to be exact,” he adds with a typical Mediterranean shrug I, for one, find it hard to believe that the whole mountain is made of amphoras without any soil or rubble Seeing the incredulous look on my face as I peer down into a 10-foot-deep trench, Remesal says, “Yes, it’s really only amphoras.” I can’t imagine another site in the world where archaeologists find so much—about a ton of pottery every day On most Mediterranean excavations, pottery washing is an activity reserved for blisteringly hot afternoons when digging IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ is impossible Here, it is the only activity for most of Remesal’s team, an international group of specialists and students from Spain and the United States During each year’s two-week field season, they wash and sort thousands of amphoras handles, bodies, shoulders, necks, and tops, counting and cataloguing, and always looking for stamped names, painted names, and numbers that tell each amphora’s story (D) Although scholars worked at Monte Testaccio beginning in the late 19th century, it’s only within the past 30 years that they have embraced the role amphoras can play in understanding the nature of the Roman imperial economy According to Remesal, the main challenge archaeologists and economic historians face is the lack of “serial documentation,” that is, documents for consecutive years that reflect a true chronology This is what makes Monte Testaccio a unique record of Roman commerce and provides a vast amount of datable evidence in a clear and unambiguous sequence “There’s no other place where you can study economic history, food production and distribution, and how the state controlled the transport of a product,” Remesal says “It’s really remarkable.” Questions 13-16 Reading Passage has four paragraphs A-D Which paragraph contains what information? Write the correct letter, A-D, in boxes 13-16 on your answer sheet 13 Questions about the Roman economy 14 A unique feature 15 Description of the dump 16 Dialogue with a professor Questions 17–21 Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2? In boxes 17–21 on your answer sheet, write IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this 17 World’s biggest garbage dump is surrounded by restaurants and nightclubs 18 The garbage dump is as popular as the Colosseum in Rome 19 Ancient Roman economy depended on oil 20 There is no information on how many amphoras are there 21 Remesal says that Monte Testaccio is a great place to study economics Questions 22–26 Complete the sentences below Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer Write your answers in boxes 22–26 on your answer sheet 22 It is unknown for what’s underneath the grass, dust, and scattering of trees 23 Monte Testaccio stands near the ancient Rome’s 24 Remesal doesn't believe that the whole mountain is made of without any soil or rubble 25 Remesal’s team washes and sorts thousands of amphoras each year’s two-week … 26 - started working at Monte Testaccio in the late 19th century IELTS Academic Reading Test Section IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ This is the final section of IELTS Reading practice test #4 After you complete it, you can see your result for the full IELTS Reading test READING PASSAGE You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage below Mysterious Dark Matter May Not Always Have Been Dark Dark matter particles may have interacted extensively with normal matter long ago, when the universe was very hot, a new study suggests The nature of dark matter is currently one of the greatest mysteries in science The invisible substance — which is detectable via its gravitational influence on "normal" matter - is thought to make up five-sixths of all matter in the universe Astronomers began suspecting the existence of dark matter when they noticed the cosmos seemed to possess more mass than stars could account for For example, stars circle the center of the Milky Way so fast that they should overcome the gravitational pull of the galaxy's core and zoom into the intergalactic void Most scientists think dark matter provides the gravity that helps hold these stars back Astronomers know more about what dark matter is not than what it actually is Scientists have mostly ruled out all known ordinary materials as candidates for dark matter The consensus so far is that this missing mass is made up of new species of particles that interact only very weakly with ordinary matter One potential clue about the nature of dark matter has to with the fact that it's five times more abundant than normal matter, researchers said "This may seem a lot, and it is, but if dark and ordinary matter were generated in a completely independent way, then this number is puzzling," said study co-author Pavlos Vranas, a particle physicist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, California "Instead of five, it could have been a million or a billion Why five?" The researchers suggest a possible solution to this puzzle: Dark matter IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ particles once interacted often with normal matter, even though they barely so now "This may have happened in the early universe, when the temperature was very high — so high that both ordinary and dark matter were 'melted' in a plasma state made up of their ingredients" The protons and neutrons making up atomic nuclei are themselves each made up of a trio of particles known as quarks The researchers suggest dark matter is also made of a composite "stealth" particle, which is composed of a quartet of component particles and is difficult to detect (like a stealth airplane) The scientists' supercomputer simulations suggest these composite particles may have masses ranging up to more than 200 billion electron-volts, which is about 213 times a proton's mass Quarks each possess fractional electrical charges of positive or negative one-third or two-thirds In protons, these add up to a positive charge, while in neutrons, the result is a neutral charge Quarks are confined within protons and neutrons by the so-called "strong interaction." The researchers suggest that the component particles making up stealth dark matter particles each have a fractional charge of positive or negative one-half, held together by a "dark form" of the strong interaction Stealth dark matter particles themselves would only have a neutral charge, leading them to interact very weakly at best with ordinary matter, light, electric fields and magnetic fields The researchers suggest that at the extremely high temperatures seen in the newborn universe, the electrically charged components of stealth dark matter particles could have interacted with ordinary matter However, once the universe cooled, a new, powerful and as yet unknown force might have bound these component particles together tightly to form electrically neutral composites Stealth dark matter particles should be stable — not decaying over eons, if at all, much like protons However, the researchers suggest the components making up stealth dark matter particles can form different unstable composites that decay shortly after their creation "For example, one could have composite particles made out of just two component particles," Vranas said IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ These unstable particles might have masses of about 100 billion electron-volts or more, and could be created by particle accelerators such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) beneath the France-Switzerland border They could also have an electric charge and be visible to particle detectors, Vranas said Experiments at the LHC, or sensors designed to spot rare instances of dark matter colliding with ordinary matter, "may soon find evidence of, or rule out, this new stealth dark matter theory," Vranas said in a statement If stealth dark matter exists, future research can investigate whether there are any effects it might have on the cosmos "Are there any signals in the sky that telescopes may find?" Vranas said "In order to answer these questions, our calculations will require larger supercomputing resources Fortunately, supercomputing development is progressing fast towards higher computational speeds." The scientists, the Lattice Strong Dynamics Collaboration, will detail their findings in an upcoming issue of the journal Physical Review Letters Questions 27-34 Complete the sentences below Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer Write your answers in boxes 27-34 on your answer sheet 27 One of the greatest mysteries in science is the nature of the … 28 All known material have been mostly … as candidates for dark matter 29 Dark matter is a lot more … than normal matter 30 Due to high temperature, both ordinary and dark matter were 'melted' in a … 31 It is confirmed that quarks are within protons and neutrons by … 32 It is suggested that stealth dark matter particle would only have a … 33 Experiments at the LHC may soon find … of the new stealth dark matter theory IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ 34 To answer questions we require … resources Questions 35-39 Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3? In boxes 35–39 on your answer sheet, write TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this 35 The nature of dark matter is a mystery 36 It is likely that dark matter consists of ordinary materials 37 Quarks have neither positive nor negative charge 38 Protons are not stable 39 Dark matter has a serious impact on the cosmos Question 40 Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D 40 Passage is: A B C D a scientific article a sci-fi article a short sketch an article from a magazine IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts-fighter.com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com/ielts.fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ ANSWERS Each question correctly answered scores mark Correct spelling is needed in all answers Section 1 True True Not Given False False D A B C 10.Electronic machine 11.Same molecules 12.Unlock Section 13.B 14.D 15.A 16.C 17.True 18.False 19.True 20.False 21.True 22.Most local residents 23.Commercial district ... respondents for this IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts- fighter. com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com /ielts. fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/... swiftly IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts- fighter. com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com /ielts. fighter/ Group: facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/... facebook.com/groups/ieltsfighter.support/ that 13 are emitted IELTS Fighter - Trung Tâm Luyện Thi IELTS số Việt Nam Website: ielts- fighter. com | Hotline: 0903 411 666 Fanpage: facebook.com /ielts. fighter/