Tổng hợp Từ vựng tiếng Anh lớp Unit Getting Started community service / kə'mjunəti 'sɜːvɪs / (n) dịch vụ cộng đồng service / 'sɜːrvɪs / (n) dịch vụ benefit / 'benɪfɪt / (n) lợi ích volunteer / ,vɒlən'tɪər / (n, v) người tình nguyện, tình nguyện street children / strit 'tʃɪldrən / (n) trẻ em (lang thang) đường phố donate / dəʊˈneɪt / (v) hiến tặng, đóng góp non-profit organization / nɒn-'prɒfɪt ,ɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən / (n) tổ chức phi lợi nhuận make a difference / meɪk ə 'dɪfərəns / làm thay đổi (cho tốt đẹp hơn) homeless people / 'həʊmləs 'pipl / người vô gia cư charitable / 'tʃærɪtəbl / (adj) từ thiện organisation /,ɔgənai'zeiʃn/ (n) tổ chức A Closer Look elderly people / 'eldəli 'pipl / (n) người cao tuổi disabled people / dɪˈseɪbld ̩ 'pipl / (n) người tàn tật traffic jam / "træfɪk dʒæm / (n) ùn tắc giao thông graffiti / ɡrə'fiti / hình chữ vẽ tường A Closer Look clean-up / klin ʌp / (n, v) dọn plant trees: trồng Communication tutor / 'tjutər / (n, v) thầy dạy kèm, dạy kèm nursing home / 'nɜːsɪŋ həʊm / nhà dưỡng lão blanket / 'blæŋkɪt / (n) chăn shelter / 'ʃeltər / (n) mái ấm, nhà tình thương, nhà cứu trợ mural / 'mjʊərəl / (n) tranh khổ lớn Skills to be forced / tu bi fɔːst / bị ép buộc start a clean-up campaign: phát động chiến dịch làm mentor / 'mentɔːr / (n) thầy hướng dẫn Skills interview / 'ɪntərvju / (n, v) vấn, vấn Grammar THE PAST SIMPLE: (Thì khứ đơn) Form: a To be: Affirmative: S + was/ were (I, He, She, It, : was Negative: S + was/ were not We, You, They, : were) Interrogative: Was/ Were + S … ? Ex: He was at school yesterday Mr Nhat wasn’t in that hotel last night Were they in Nha Trang last year? b Ordinary verb: Affirmative: S + V2/ Ved Negative: S + did not + Vo Interrogative: Did + S + Vo… ? Ex: I saw Tam in the park last Sunday They didn’t visit her last night Did you finish your work? Cách dùng chính: Thì q khứ đơn dùng để diễn tả hành động xảy hoàn tất khứ với thời gian xác định rõ Các trạng từ thường dùng: yesterday, ago, last week/month/year, in the past, in 1990 - Hành động xen vào QKTD: When + S + V( QKĐ), S + V ( QKTD) - Hành động sảy sau hành đơng khác QKHT: S + V( QKĐ), S + V ( QKHT) Ex: - He was a doctor in this hospital from 1997 to 2005 - They finished the work two hours ago - He bought this villa last month Cách thêm “ ed” động từ có qui tắc - Động từ tận “e + d”: hope – hoped, arrive – arrived,… - Động từ tận “ y” “đổi y thành i + ed”: carry – carried,………… - Động từ âm tiết tận phụ âm trước nguyên âm ta phải gấp đôi phụ âm trước thêm ed: stop – stopped, beg – begged,… Cách phát âm đuôi “ ed”: - /id/: Khi tận động từ có chứa “ t, d”: want – wanted, decide – decided,… - /t/ : Khi động từ có tận là: “ k, p, s, gh, ch, sh, f, ce ”: look – looked, stop – stopped,… - /d/ : Tận nguyên âm phụ âm lại trừ hai trường hợp trên: arrive – arrived,… THÌ QÚA KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN (Past Continuous): 1) Cách thành lập: - Câu khẳng định S + was/were + V-ing + O - Câu phủ định S + was/were + not + V-ing + O - Câu hỏi Was/Were + S + V-ing + O? 2) Cách dùng chính: Thì QKTD dùng để diễn tả: 2.1 Một hành động sảy ( kéo dài) vào thời điểm thời gian khứ Ex: - She was studying her lesson at last night - What were you doing from 3pm to pm yesterday? - I was practising English at that time yesterday 2.2 Một hành động xảy (V-ing) khứ có hành động khác xen vào( V2/ed) E x: - He was sleeping when I came - While my mother was cooking dinner, the phone rang 2.3 Hai hành động diễn song song lúc khứ Ex: While I was doing my homework, my younger brother was playing video games BÀI TẬP ỨNG DỤNG: Ex1 Viết hình thức khứ động từ sau eat give watch stop make take move see arrive buy come have be cut talk remember look wear go finish borrow write leave decide drink forget teach visit learn allow work play brush answer invite return explain appear collect worry become carry promise study meet close enjoy Ex2 Fill in the gaps with suitable form of the verbs in the box buy take go return be wear eat receive cut watch The seafood was very delicious Hoa _ a letter from her pen pal Tim yesterday I _ to the movie theater last night They fish and crab for lunch Liz to Ha Noi from Nha Trang two days ago He a blue shirt in his birthday party last week Mr Robinson Liz a cap They the children to the zoo last Sunday Mai _ TV a lot last night 10 We the grass around our house a week ago Ex3 Turn the sentences into negative and interrogative form They went to Nha Trang last month - -3 He played table tennis with his father - -3 Lan saw you in the park last week - -4 We were in the countryside last summer - -5 Mrs Robinson bought a poster - -6 Liz enjoyed her vacation in Da Lat last year - -7 Her aunt gave her a new skirt - -8 He was in our class two hours ago -9 They watched a good football match on TV last night (-)………………………………………….…………… …………………… …………………………………? 10 Peter sent that letter to Marry yesterday morning (-)………………………………………… …………… ………………………….……………………………? 11 Jane’s mother bought a new car last month (-)……………………………………….……………… ……………………… ………………………………? 12 We visited Ha long Bay three years ago (-)………………………………………………………… ……………………… ……………………………? 13 They left for Hai Phong in 1999 (-)……………………………………………… ……… ………………………….……………………………? 14 They built a new school in my village ten month ago (-)…………………………………………….………… …………………….…………………………………? 15 I borrowed a lot of book in the library last weekend (-)……………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………? Ex4 Circle the correct answer He _ at school two days ago A isn’t B won’t be What time _ go to bed last night? A did you go B you go C wasn’t C did you went How your vacation in Hoi An last week? A is B was C did He here yesterday A doesn’t come B didn’t came C didn’t come What _ you last Saturday? A – B did – did C did – We didn’t _ each other 10 years ago A see B saw C seeing did you meet him? – Yesterday evening A When B Where C What time I had a good time my parents in Hue A for B with C at I seafood when I was in Nha Trang A didn’t ate B did ate C didn’t eat 10 _ you see that movie last night? A Were B Was C Did Ex6 Fill in the gaps with the suitable word in the box Then answer the questions cap returned was told postcards in visited wore Nam had a wonderful holiday last summer He (1) _ in Ha Noi, the capital of Viet Nam He stayed (2) his uncle’s house for three weeks He (3) a lot of interesting places such as Ba Dinh Square, Le Nin Park, West Lake and so on He bought many (4) for his friends and he also bought a (5) for himself Nam (6) _ the cap all day because he liked it a lot When he (7) _ to Ho Chi Minh City, he (8) his friends a lot about his vacation Questions: Where was Nam on his last summer vacation? How long did he stay in Ha Noi? Which places did he visit? What did he buy? Did he like the cap? Did he tell his vacation to his family? Ex7 Make questions You saw her last night _ They left home at yesterday _ Mrs Robinson bought a poster _ She went to doctor because she was sick _ Her neighbor gave her a skirt _ Ex10 Fill in the gaps with one suitable preposition: I had a lot fun with my family Liz bought some gifts her friends Were you tired _ the trip? He moved _ a new house My friend is interested _ collecting stamps They returned _ Ha Noi last week Nam talked _ his classmates _ his vacation What did you think the place? The Robinsons went _ Nha Trang their vacation 10 She put the poster _ the wall I CƠNG THỨC THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH Affirmative ( k Đ) S + have/ has + V3/ ed+ He/ She/ It/ Danh từ số / Danh từ không đếm + has + V3/ed + I/ We/ You/ They/ Danh từ số nhiều + have + V3/ed + Negative S+ have/ has not + V3/ed + He/ She/ It/ Danh từ số / Danh từ khơng đếm + has + not + V3 + I/ We/ You/ They/ Danh từ số nhiều + have + not + V3+ has not = hasn’t have not = haven’t Interrogative: Have/ has + S + V3/ ed + ? Yes, S + have/has No, S + haven’t/hasn’t Câu nghi vấn sử dụng từ hỏi bắt đầu WhWh- + have/ has + S + V3/ ed + ? How long have you lived in Binh Duong province? II DẤU HIỆU NHẬN BIẾT THÌ HIỆN TẠI HỒN THÀNH Thì hồn thành có dấu hiệu nhận biết sau: Just = Recently = Lately: gần đây, vừa Already:rồi Before:trước Ever:đã Never:chưa từng, không For + quãng thời gian:trong khoảng (for a year, for a long time, …) Since + mốc thời gian:từ (since 1992, since June, ) Yet:chưa (dùng câu phủ định câu hỏi) So far = Until now = Up to now = Up to the present:cho đến Vị trí trạng từ hoàn thành - already, never, ever, just: sau “have/ has” đứng trước động từ phân từ II - already: đứng cuối câu Example: I have just come back home (Tôi vừa nhà.) - Yet: đứng cuối câu, thường sử dụng câu phủ định nghi vấn Example: She hasn’t told me about you yet (Cô chưa kể với bạn.) - so far, recently, lately, up to present, up to this moment, in/ for/ during/ over + the past/ last + thời gian: Có thể đứng đầu cuối câu Example: I have seen this film recently (Tôi xem phim gần đây.) Exercise 1: Cho dạng động từ ngoặc He (be)………… at his computer for seven hours She (not/have) ……………any fun a long time My father (not/ play)……… any sport since last year I’d better have a shower I (not/have)……… one since Thursday I don’t live with my family now and we (not/see)………… each other for five years I…… just (realize)………… that there are only four weeks to the end of term She (finish) reading two books this week How long…… (you/know)……… each other? ……….(You/ take)………… many photographs? 10 He (eat)……………… at the King Power Hotel yet? 11 They (live) ………….here all their life 12 How many bottles………… the milkman (leave) ………….? He (leave) ……… six 13 I (buy)………… a new carpet Come and look at it 14 She (write)………… three books about her wild life 15 We (finish) ……………………one English course Exercise 2: Viết lại câu cho nghĩa không đổi This last time she came back to her hometown was years ago => She hasn't He started working as a bank clerk months ago => He has It has been years since we first flew to Singapore => We have I last had my hair cut in November => I haven't The last time we called each other was months ago => We haven't It is a long time since we last met => We haven't When did you have it? => How long ? This is the first time I had such a delicious meal => I have never I haven't seen him for days => The last 10 To day is Saturday I haven't taken a bath since Wednesday => It is Exercise 5: Viết lại câu sau cho nghĩa không đổi She started to live in Hanoi years ago (for) -> ………………………………………………… He began to study English when he was young (since) -> ………………………………………………… I have never eaten this kind of food before (This is) -> ………………………………………… I have never seen such a beautiful girl before (She is) -> ………………………………………… This is the best novel I have ever read (before) -> ………………………………………… Exercise2: Viết lại câu cho nghĩa không đổi 1.She hasn't come back He has worked as a We have not flown to I haven't had my We haven't called each We haven't met each How long have I have never had The last time I saw hometown bank clerk Singapore hair cut other other for you such a him was for years for months for years since November for months a long time had it? delicious meal days ago 10 Today is Saturday I haven't (It is three days since I last took a bath.) taken a bath since Wednesday ... the box buy take go return be wear eat receive cut watch The seafood was very delicious Hoa _ a letter from her pen pal Tim yesterday I _ to the movie theater last night They fish and. .. some gifts her friends Were you tired _ the trip? He moved _ a new house My friend is interested _ collecting stamps They returned _ Ha Noi last week Nam talked _ his classmates... now and we (not/see)………… each other for five years I…… just (realize)………… that there are only four weeks to the end of term She (finish) reading two books this week How long…… (you/know)……… each