Tài liệu How to prepare for the foefl part 29 doc

MODEL TEST 1 281 33. What is the author's main purpose in the passage? To propose a theory to explain sunspots a To describe the nature of sunspots O To compare the umbra and the penum- bra in sunspots a To argue for the existence of magnetic fields in sunspots 34. The word =e~sld'I' in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to CD widely accepted a open to debate O just introduced very complicated According to the controversial sunspot theory, great storms or eruptions on the surface of the sun hurl streams of solar particles into space and eventually into the atmosphere of our planet, causing shifts in the weather on the Earth and interference with radio and television communications. A typical sunspot consists of a dark central umbra, a word derived from the Latin word for shadow, which is surrounded by a lighter penumbra of light and dark threads extending out from the center like the spokes of a wheel. Actually, the sunspots are cooler than the rest of the photosphere, which may account for their apparently darker color. Typically, the temperature in a sunspot umbra is about 4000 K, whereas the temperature iri a penumbra registers 5500 K, and the granules outside the spot are 6000 K. Sunspots range in size from tiny granules to complex structures with areas stretching for billions of square miles. About 5 percent of all sunspots are large enough so that they can be seen from Earth without instruments; consequently, observations of sunspots have been recorded for thousands of years. 36. The word "fJ%WlS in paragraph 1 refers to @ gas explosions in the atmosphere a light rays from the sun O liquid streams on the sun CD small pieces of matter from the sun According to the controversial sunspot theory, great storms or eruptions on the surface of the sun hurl streams of solar paiticles into space and eventually into the atmosphere of our planet, causing shifts in the weather on the Earth and interfersnce with radio and television communications. A typical sunspot consists of a dark central umbra, a word derived from the Latin word for shadow, which is surrounded by a lighter penumbra of light and dark threads extending out from the center like the spokes of a wheel. Actually, the sunspots are cooler than the rest of the photosphere, which may account for their apparently darker color. Typically, the temperature in a sunspot umbra is about 4000 K, whereas the temperature in a penumbra registers 5500 K, and the granules outside the spot are 6000 K. Sunspots range in size from tiny granules to complex structures with areas stretching for billions of square miles. About 5 percent of all sunspots are large enough so that they can be seen from Earth without instruments; consequently, observations of sunspots have been recorded for thousands of years. 37. How can we describe matter from the sun that enters the Earth's atmosphere? GD Very small CD Very hot O Very bright Very hard 35. Solar particles are hurled into space by undetermined causes GD disturbances of wind O small rivers on the surface of the sun a changes in the Earth's atmosphere 282 TOEFL MODEL TESTS 38. What does the author mean by the statement ATtuZilly7fie Tunspoff ak FobPer San thr rest of the photosphere. which may account for their apparently darker color ? Neither sunspots nor the photosphere is hot. a Sunspots in the photosphere do not have any color. O' The color of sunspots could be affected by their temperature. a' The size of a sunspot affects its temperature. of light and dark threads extending out from the center like the spokes of a wheel. Actually, the 'sunspots are cooler thatithe rest of the photosreF which may account for their apparently darker color. Typically, the temperature in a sunspot umbra is about 4000 K, whereas the temperature in a penumbra registers 5500 K, and the granules outside the spot are 6000 K. Sunspots range in size from tiny granules to complex structures with areas stretching for billions of square miles. About 5 percent of all sunspots are large enough so that they can be seen from Earth without instruments; consequently, observations of sunspots have been recorded for thousands of years. Sunspots have been observed in arrangements of one to more than one hundred spots, but they tend to occur in pairs. There is also a marked tendency for the two spots of a pair to have opposite magnetic polarities. Furthermore, the strength of the magnetic field associated with any given sunspot is closely related to the spot's size. Sunspots have also been observed to occur 39. Look at the word in the passage. Click on the word or phrase in the bold text that is opposite in meaning to Bfiy. color Typically, the temperature In a sunspot umbra IS about 4000 K, whereas the temperature In a penumbra registers 5500 K, and the granules outs~de the spot are 6000 K Sunspots range in size frommgranules to complex structures with areas stretching for billions of square miles. About 5 percent of all sunspots are large enough so that they can be seen from Earth without instruments; consequently, observations of sunspots have been recorded for thousands of years. Sunspots have been observed in arrangements of one to more than one hundred spots, but they tend to occur in pairs.There is also a marked tendency for the two spots of a pair to have opposite magnetic polarities. Furthermore, the strength of the magnetic field associated with any given sunspot is closely related to the spot's size. Sunspots have also been observed to occur In cycles, over a perlod of eleven years At the beglnnlng of a cycle, the storms occur between 20 and 40 degrees north and south of the equator on the sun. As the cycle continues, some of the storms move closer to the equator As the cycle 40. The word in paragraph 3 refers to a structures spots O miles granules color. Typically, the temperature in a sunspot umbra IS about 4000 K, whereas the temperature in a penumbra registers 5500 K, and the granules outside the spot are 6000 K. Sunspots range in size from tiny granules to complex structures wtth areas stretching for billions of square miles. About 5 percent of all sunspots are large enough so that hey can be seen from Earth without instruments; consequently, observations of sunspots have been recorded for thousands of years. Sunspots have been observed in arrangements of one to more than one hundred spots, but they tend to occur in pairs. There is also a marked tendency for the two spots of a pair to have opposite magnetic polarities. Furthermore, the strength of the magnetic field associated with any given sunspot is closely related to the spot's size. Sunspots have also been obse~ed to occur in cycles, over a period of eleven years. At the beginning of a cycle, the storms occur between 20 and 40 degrees north and south of the equator on the sun. As the cycle continues, some of the storms move closer to the equator. As the cycle MODEL TEST 1 283 41. The word in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by as a result CD nevertheless O without doubt a in this way color. Typically, the temperature in a sunspot umbra is about 4000 K, whereas the temperature in a penumbra registers 5500 K, and the granuLes outside the spot are 6000 K. Sunspots range in size from tiny granules to complex structures with areas stretching for billions of square miles. About 5 percent of all sunspots are large enough so that they can be seen from Earth without instruments; 'i%sdqTeT!w: observations of sunspots have been recorded for thousands of years. Sunspots have been observed in arrangements of one to more than one hundred spots, but they tend to occur in pairs. There is also a marked tendency for the two spots of a pair to have opposite magnetic polarities. Furthermore, the strength of the magnetic field associated with any given sunspot is closely related to the spot's size. Sunspots have also been observed to occur in cycles, over a period of eleven years. At the beginning of a cycle, the storms occur between 20 and 40 degrees north and south of the equator on the sun. As the cycle continues, some of the storms move closer to the equator. As the cycle 42. In which configuration do sunspots usually occur? GD In one spot of varying size CD In a configuration of two spots O In arrangements of one hundred or more spots CD In groups of several thousand spots 43. How are sunspots explained? GD Sunspots appear to be related to magnetic fields on the Earth. GD Sunspots may be related to magnetic fields that follow longitudinal lines on the sun. O Sunspots are explained by storms that occur on the Earth. a Sunspots have no theory or model to explain them. 44. Click on the paragraph that discusses the visibility of sunspots. Scroll the passage to see all of the paragraphs. 45. The sunspot theory is GD not considered very important CD widely accepted O subject to disagreement relatively new To check your answers for Model Test 1, refer to the .Answer Key on page 488. For an explanation of the answers, refer to the Explanatory Answers for Model Test 1 on pages 501-520. 284 TOEFL MODEL TESTS Writing Section: Model Test 1 When you take a Model Test, you should use one sheet of paper, both sides. Time each Model Test carefully. After you have read the topic, you should spend 30 minutes writing. For results that would be closest to the actual testing situation, it is recommended that an English teacher score your test, using the guidelines on page 244 of this bodk. Many people enjoy participating in sports for recreation; others enjoy participating in the arts. Give the benefits of each, take a position, and defend it. Notes To check your essay, refer to the Checklist on page 488. For an Example Essay, refer to the Explanatory Answers for Model Test 1 on page 520. MODEL TEST 2 285 Model Test 2 Computer-Assisted TOEFL Section 1: Listening The Listening Section of the test measures the ability to understand conversations and talks in English. You will use headphones to listen to the conversations and talks. While you are listening, pictures of the speakers or other information will be presented on your computer screen. There are two parts to the Lis- tening Section, with special directions for each part. On the day of the test, the amount of time you will have to answer all of the questions will appear on the computer screen. The time you spend listening to the test material will not be counted. The listening ma- terial and questions about it will be presented only one time. You will not be allowed to take notes or have any paper at your computer. You will both see and hear the questions before the answer choices appear. You can take as much time as you need to select an answer; however, it will be to your advantage to an- swer the questions as quickly as possible. You may change your answer as many times as you want be- fore you confirm it. After you have confirmed an answer, you will not be able to return to the question. Before you begin working on the Listening Section, you will have an opportunity to adjust the volume of the sound. You may not be able to change the volume after you have started the test. QUESTION DIRECTIONS - Part A In Part A of the Listening Section, you will hear short conversations between two people. In some of the conversations, each person speaks only once. In other conversations, one or both of the people speak more than once. Each conversation is followed by one question about it. Each question in this part has four answer choices. You should click on the best answer to each question. Answer the questions on the basis of what is stated or implied by the speakers. 1. What had the man assumed? 3. What is the woman probably going to do'? CD The woman was not truthful. a Fewer students would attend. O There would be a large group. Only foreign students would come. CO Take a class from Professor Wilson. a Help the man with his class. O Take an extra class. CD Do a project for her class. 2. What does the woman imply that the man 4! What does the woman say about Paul? should do? Knock on the door. Come back later. O See Dr. Smith. a Look at the sign. CO That he wants something to eat. That he will tell them if there is a problem. O That he is not hungry. a That he is angry. 286 TOEFL MODEL TESTS 5. What does the woman mean? a Good grades are not that important to her. a She did not get an A on the exam either. O Two students got higher grades than she did. CD Besides hers, there were several other A , grades. 6. Wat problem does the woman have? GD There is no time to finish. a She cannot do it quickly. O She has to study. a She doesn't know what time it is. 7. What does the woman mean? a She does not agree with the man. CD She thinks that it is better to wait. O She thinks that it is better to drive at night. a She does not think that the man made a wise decision. 8. What is the man going to do? Go to class. See a movie. O Study at the library. Make an appointment. 9. What does the man mean? The message was not clear. GD There was no message on the machine. O It was his intention to return the woman's call. a He did not hear the woman's message. 10. What does the woman mean? GQ They do not have as many people work- ing as usual. GD The machine is broken. O The man is next to be served. a There is usually a long line. 11. What does the woman suggest that the man do? Get directions to the Math Department. a Speak with the secretary. O Go into Dr. Davis's office. a Take the elevator to the fourth floor. 12. What can be inferred about Tom? He has finished the class. GD He has been sick. O He does not have to take the final exam. a He is not very responsible. 13. What does the man mean? GD He cannot find the woman's house. He has to change their plans. O He will be happy to see the woman. He wants to know whether they have a date. 14. What will the woman probably do? Register for Dr. Collin's class. Graduate at a later date. O Enroll in the section marked "staff." a Find out who is teaching the other section of the class. 15. What does the woman think that the man should do? GD Wait for the results to be mailed. CD Call about the score. O Take the test. Show more concern. 16. What does the woman mean? @ They have more time to travel. They are taking advantage of travel opportunities. O They travel more than the man does. a They spend most of their time traveling. 17. What does the man mean? Q The tickets are lost. GD Judy was responsible for getting the tickets. O There were no tickets available. a He does not have the tickets yet. MODEL TEST 2 287 QUESTION DIRECTIONS - Part B In Part B of the Listening Section, you will hear several longer conversations and talks. Each conver- sation or talk is followed by several questions. The conversations, talks, and questions will not be repeated. The conversations and talks are about a variety of topics. You do not need special knowledge of the top- ics to answer the questions correctly. Rather, you should answer each question on the basis of what is stated or implied by the speakers in the conversations or talks. For most of the questions, you will need to click on the best of four possible answers. Some questions will have special directions. The special directions will appear in a box on the computer screen. 18. What are the man and woman talking 22. What was the video about? about? The national health. CD A chapter in their textbook. Stress. CD An experiment referred to in a group O Heart attacks. presentation. CD Health care for women. O A lecture in class. a A program on television. 23. What did the students learn about women? 19. Why is the moon an ideal environment for the experiment? GD There is no air resistance on the moon. CD There is no gravitational acceleration on the moon. O The gravity on the moon affects vertical motion. There is no horizontal resistance for motions like pushing. 20. Why was it easier to lift the hammer on the moon? GO They are under more stress than men. CD They have more heart attacks than men. O They do not get the same level of care as men. a They have fewer serious heart attacks than men. 24. How did the man feel about the video? GO He did not see it. GD He thought it was interesting. O He would not recommend it. a He was not surprised by it. GD The moon's gravitational acceleration 25. What will the woman probably do? was lower. a Discuss the video with the man. CD The hammer fell when it was released. GD Go to the library to see the video. O The surface of the moon encouraged O Check the video out of the library. motion. The hammer was created for that envi- CD Get ready for class. ronment. 26. What is the main topic of this lecture? 21. How did the woman feel about the presentation? GD She was surprised by it. CD She was not interested in it. O She was impressed by it. C!D She was confused about it. GO Poet laureates. GD The Victorian period. O Love poems in the English language. CD Elizabeth Barrett Browning. 288 TOEFL MODEL TESTS 27. According to the lecturer, what was one reason that Elizabeth Barrett was considered for the title of Poet Laureate? GD Because her husband was a famous poet. Because of her publication, Sonnets from the Portuguese. O .Because the monarch was a woman. Because of her friendship with William Wordsworth. 28. where did Elizabeth and Robert Browning live after their elopement? GD In Spain. a In Italy. O In Portugal. a In England. 29. When did Elizabeth Barrett Browning die? 30. What is the main topic of this lecture? CD The history of medicine in Greece. The contributions of biology to medi- cine. O The scientific method. @, Medical advances in the twentieth century. 3 1. What was Hippocrates' greatest contribution to medicine? CD The classification of plants on the basis of body structure. a The sterilization of surgical instruments. O The scientific recording of symptoms and treatments. a The theory that diseake was caused by the gods. 32. Who is known as the father of biology? GD Hippocrates. Aristotle. O Dioscorides. a Edward Jenn2r. 33. What was the contribution made to medi- cine by William Harvey? CD The theory of germs and bacteria. CD The discovery of a vaccine against smallpox. O The discovery of a mechanism for the circulation of the blood. a The Materia Medica. 34. What was surprising about Thrasher's study? G9 The size of the study, which included 1300 gangs. The excellent summary by the student who located the research. O The changes that were reported in the history of gangs in the United States. CD The fact that gang activity has been prevalent for many years. 35. According to the study by Moore, what causes gang activity? CD Cliques that form in high school. CD Normal feelings of insecurity that teenagers experience. O Dangerous neighborhoods and schools. CD Loyalty to friends and family. 36. In which two ways are gang members iden- tified by law enforcement authorities? By thei.r tattoos. By their clothing. By maps of their territories. By research studies. 37. What is the role of women in gangs? GD Women are full members of the gangs. GD Women are protected by the gangs. O Women are a support system for the gangs. CD Women do not have any contact with the gangs. MODEL TEST 2 289 38. What is Mary's problem? CD She does not want to work for Dr. Brown. CD She has a schedule conflict. O She has been late to work too often. a She needs to obtain a work-study posi- tion. 39. When is Mary's class next semester? CD Every day in the afternoon. GD Three hours a day, three times a week. O Ten-thirty on Monday. GD Nine o'clock, three times a week. 40. How does Dr. Brown resolve the problem? GD He changes her work hours. GD He has her work fewer hours. O He finds a different job for her. CD He gives her permission to arrive late. 41. What is a work-study employee? G9 A person who works on campus. CD A new employee who is being trained. O A student who can study at work after the job is complete. CD A part-time student with a full-time job. 42. What is the topic of this lecture? GD Reinforced concrete in buildings. GD Shear walls in earthquakes. O Earthquake-resistant buildings. Understanding construction sites. 43. Which technique is used to reinforce walls? G9 Cross-bracing. GD Shear cores. O Bolts. Base isolators. 44. Which two materials are used in base isolators? Rubber. Steel. Concrete. Soil. 45. What happens to fill dirt during an earth- quake? 09 It allows the building to sway. GI It reduces earthquake damage. O It collapses. CD It creates shock waves. 46. Which two types represent the most com- mon vein patterns in leaves? Needle leaves. Parallel leaves. Palmate leaves. Pinnate leaves. 47. According to the lecturer, what is a midrib? G9 One of the major classifications of veins in plants. CD The large vein that extends down the middle of a pinnate leaf. O The central vein in a parallel leaf. a The stem of a plant. 48. How does the lab assistant help students re- member the palmate classification? a She shows them a visual. GI She explains it carefully. O She compares it to her hand. CD She refers them to their lab manual. 290 TOEFL MODEL TESTS 49. Match the leaves with their vein patterns. 50. What will the students probably do after the short lecture? in the correct row. Use each leaf only once. GD Classify leaves. CD Take a lab quiz. O Read fifty-two pages in their manuals. ZD Discuss the lecture. . equator on the sun. As the cycle continues, some of the storms move closer to the equator As the cycle 40. The word in paragraph 3 refers to a. south of the equator on the sun. As the cycle continues, some of the storms move closer to the equator. As the cycle MODEL TEST 1 283 41. The word