State management of construction investment projects under the mode of publicprivate partnership in Vietnam.

State management of construction investment projects under the mode of publicprivate partnership in Vietnam.State management of construction investment projects under the mode of publicprivate partnership in Vietnam.State management of construction investment projects under the mode of publicprivate partnership in Vietnam.State management of construction investment projects under the mode of publicprivate partnership in Vietnam.State management of construction investment projects under the mode of publicprivate partnership in Vietnam.State management of construction investment projects under the mode of publicprivate partnership in Vietnam.

1 PREAMBLE Research rationale In Vietnam, the public-private partnership (PPP) method has been shaped since 1993 when the Vietnamese government issued "investment regulations under BOT contract method to apply for foreign investors Although this method formed such a long time ago in Vietnam, practicing experiences through many practical projects and focusing on the BOT method with transport engineering projects, this method still presents shortcomings and limitations in application The role of the State in attracting and managing investment capital for infrastructure development under the PPP method has not been clearly identified Lack of long-term master plan of the State, inadequate legal corridor, limited capacity of officials of state management agencies (SMA) are considered as the main reasons hindering projects applying the PPP method in Vietnam For the above reasons, the author has chosen the dissertation title "State management of construction investment projects under the mode of public-private partnership in Vietnam" for this Ph.D thesis, which is of practical significance in theory and practice Research purposes The dissertation aims to building a scientific basis for proposing solutions to improve the state management of construction investment projects (CIP) under the PPP method in Vietnam Furthermore, the dissertation determines the criteria for evaluating state management (SM) for construction investment projects according to the PPP method of the competent state management agency Research The dissertation studies the CIP under the PPP method to clarify the contents of state management and the factors affecting the State management, thereby proposing solutions to improve the state management of construction investment projects according to the PPP method Research object and scope - The object of the study is the SM of CIP under the PPP method in both theory and practice In particular, SM activities include the law/policy framework, the State's management methods, and tools, the organizational structure model, the management capacity, and the State's inspection and supervision - Scope of the study: The dissertation conducts research and determines the management contents in the CIP under the PPP method, focusing on transport and energy Research approach and methods 5.1 Approach: The topic approaches research problems from the theoretical and practical bases used consistently in the research process of the dissertation, in the direction of looking at PPP projects from the perspective of state management 5.2 Research Methods: Due to the nature of the research object, the dissertation uses the methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism The specific method is the combined method (qualitative method, quantitative method); methods of analysis and synthesis; inheritance method Research novelty 6.1 Contributions of the research results: Firstly, the research results show that the SM of PPP construction investment projects is an essential factor determining the success of the PPP project; Secondly, theoretically, the study gathered, systematized, and supplemented issues such as concepts, contents, and characteristics of construction investment projects under the PPP method; Thirdly, the dissertation pointed out the factors affecting the SM of CIP under the PPP method, thereby determining the contents of the assessment of SM of CIP under the PPP method; Fourthly, it generalized the current state of SM of construction projects under the PPP method in Vietnam recently, pointing out shortcomings, limitations, and causes in the process of SM 6.2 Novelty of the dissertation: Firstly, it proposed the stages of a PPP project consisting of five stages to match the progress of a PPP project to help SM activities be clearly and timely adjusted in the management process Secondly, it developed four specific solutions, including criteria for assessing SM for each stage of a PPP project, with evaluation contents and evaluation methods and assessment objects Thirdly, it suggested six recommendations to improve SM for each specific management content regarding to management tools, means, and methods CHAPTER OVERVIEW OF STUDIES ON STATE MANAGEMENT FOR CONSTRUCTION INVESTMENT PROJECTS BY PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP METHODS 1.1 Overview of studies related to the research topic 1.1.1 Domestic studies: By reviewing 28 domestic studies, these studies only cover a few specific aspects of the activity in the process of a PPP project, even research only for transport, water supply, or wastewater industry, such as risk allocation, capital mobilization, SM there has not been any systematic research on theory and assessment of the current situation, shortcomings and limitations in SM of CIP under the PPP method in Vietnam 1.1.2 Foreign studies: Foreign studies (23 works) often provide guidelines on PPP investment Synthesis of studies abroad can summarize the main factors affecting the success of PPP as follows: (1) The role of the Government; (2) Selection of a private partner; (3) Allocation of project risks; (4) Funding structure of the PPP project 1.2 Issues drawn from the studies and research gaps From the overview of published research related to the topic presented above, the author finds that there have been many scientific research works on CIP under the PPP method, but there has not been a complete study on SM Therefore, the thesis should focus on clarifying: - Factors affecting SM of PPP construction investment projects? - How is the SM work being carried out according to the PPP method of Vietnam? - What does SM need to apply for a successful PPP construction investment project? 1.3 Research direction of the dissertation Faced with the current situation of organization and implementation of PPP projects in Vietnam, What the thesis focuses on the content of SM in PPP construction investment projects? What factors affect the SM?, What needs to be done to make the SM of construction investment projects under the PPP method effective and efficient? In order to complete the SM of CIP under the PPP method in Vietnam, the thesis makes the following hypothesis: About state Completing PPP policies and laws; management Solutions for monitoring and evaluation of SM; tools: Financial solutions for PPP projects; Criteria for evaluating SM activities according to project phases About the Completing the SM apparatus on PPP; means and Strengthen decentralization of project decision- methods of SM: making authority; State support in all phases of the project; Publicity and transparency through the National Website 1.4 Research framework The thesis offers the following research framework: (i) Determining the factors affecting SM, focusing on the contents of SM for CIP under the PPP method; (ii) Determine the criteria for assessing SM, in order to complete the contents of SM (Figure 1.1) SM activities are closely linked and unified to achieve the objectives of the CIP under the PPP method Factors affecting SM of CIP in the form of PPP - The subjective factors - The objective factors - Criteria for evaluating SM for CIP in the form of PPP - Validity - Efficiency - Sustainability - Possibility Contents of SM for CIP in the form of PPP - Legal framework on PPP - Organization management apparatus - Monitor, check and evaluate the project - Handling violations - Reconcile arising conflicts SM objectives for CIP in the form of PPP - PPP project achieved socioeconomic efficiency - Reducing state budget spending - Increase resource efficiency - Improve service quality - Attract potential investors Figure 1.1: Theoretical framework of the dissertation 1.5 Research process of the dissertation To achieve the research objectives, the thesis needs to be carried out in order The research process of the dissertation is conducted as follows: Researching domestic and foreign published scientific works related to the thesis Investigate the current state of SM of PPP projects in Vietnam Statistical analysis of SM of CIP in Vietnam Determining factors affecting SM of PPP projects Synthesize the theoretical basis for the SM of PPP projects in Vietnam  Clarifying content of SM for PPP projects;  Summary of factors affecting the SM of CIP in the form of PPP on the basis of legal regulations of Vietnam Proposing solutions to improve SM of PPP construction projects in Vietnam; Proposing a set of criteria for assessing SM by stage to competent state agencies Figure 1.2: Research process of the dissertation 1.6 Research methods (1) Combined method (Combining qualitative research and quantitative research) (2) Methods of analysis and synthesis: Dividing the research object into parts, aspects, and elements that are simpler to analyze (3) Inherited method: From the results of previous studies, the thesis selectively synthesizes documents according to each research group for reference and use to supplement the analysis of the dissertation CHAPTER THEORETICAL, LEGAL BASIS ON STATE MANAGEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION INVESTMENT PROJECTS BY PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP METHOD 2.1 Construction investment projects and construction investment projects under the mode of public-private partnership 2.1.1 Construction investment projects The dissertation is limited to CIP, according to the definition of the Law on Construction: “An investment project is a collection of proposals related to the use of capital to conduct construction activities for new construction, repair and improvement, creating construction works in order to develop, maintain and improve the quality of works or products or services within a definite time and cost.” [62] 2.1.2 Construction investment projects under the mode of public-private partnership (PPP) 2.1.2.1 Concept of CIPs according to PPP method 2.1.2.2 Characteristics of the PPP method for CIPs 2.1.2.3 The role of the PPP method for construction investment projects 2.1.2.4 Methods of PPP contract for construction investment projects 2.1.2.5 Implementation process for PPP construction investment projects For transparency in deciding on a PPP project, summarized as follows: Table 2.2: Perform process the working of PPP project Stage Prepare and propose investment policy Some main implementation contents - Project identification; Project implementation planning; - Pre-feasibility analysis (if any); Check the suitability of the project; - Investor interest; Approval of investment policy and site clearance plan - Feasibility study Investor selection and site clearance - Execution and management of project contracts and Project monitoring and evaluation Comprehensive feasibility analysis; Cost-benefit assessment (CBA); Identify, allocate and share risks; Multi-benefit target calculation; Appraisal of construction agencies; Site clearance plan; Approved by competent state agencies Completing bidding documents; Disclosure of information and invitation for bids; - Dialogue with stakeholders; Organization of site clearance; Evaluation and selection of investors - Manage project implementation plans and contracts; - Appraisal of technical designs and cost estimates of specialized construction agencies; - Approving the technical design and cost estimate of the investor; - Responsibility for reporting and accountability; Overall assessment of each stage of implementation; Manage output results (acceptance conditions) - Monitoring and checking the announcement of the project - Summarizing the implementation of investor selection, negotiation, and signing of project contracts Operation and transfer - Summarize the implementation of the project contract - Check the observance of regulations on investment management by the contracting parties to the project contract in the performance of the contract - Monitor and check other contents prescribed in Articles 86 and 87 of the First Law on PPP [68] - Management and operation mechanism; Maintenance plan, maintenance; - Development of surrounding services (neighborhood); Customer consent; Finalize the contract and hand it over to the State - Source: Researched and synthesized by the author [28, 30, 34] 2.1.2.6 Stages of construction investment projects under the PPP method In order to ensure the regulations in the construction investment and the contents of the CIP under the PPP method, in order for the SM of CIP under the PPP method to achieve the objectives in the management process, the thesis proposes that the life cycle of a PPP project consists of phases (1) Phase of an investment policy proposal and project preparation; (2) Feasibility study phase and site clearance plan; (3) Stage of investor selection and site clearance; (4) Stage of implementation, project contract management and monitoring and evaluation and (5) Stage of operation and transfer of works to the State under the project contract 2.2 Overview of SM and SM of CIPs under the mode of PPP 2.2.1 Overview of state management 2.2.1.1 Concept of state management 2.2.1.2 Features of state management 2.2.2 State management over construction investment activities 2.2.2.1 Concept of state management for construction investment activities 2.2.2.2 Contents of state management of construction investment projects 2.2.2.3 State management tools and methods for CIPs State management tools and methods: State management tools are the totality of tangible and intangible means that the State uses to influence all subjects in society to realize management objectives The SM method is the way to perform the functions and tasks of the State apparatus, the way to influence the management subject on the managed objects to achieve the necessary behavior Law Policy Tools Plan National property State management Administration Method Economy Education Figure 2.2: State management tools and methods Source: Research author and recommendations from [69, 70] 2.2.2.4 Factors affecting SM of construction investment projects - Objective factors: (i) Natural conditions; (ii) Socio-economic conditions; (iii) Conditions on science and technology; (iv) Resource capacity of the budget and (v) influence of international economic policies related to construction investment projects - Subjective factors: (i) Institutions and policies on the economy; (ii) Organization of the management apparatus; (iii) Responsibility regime of related parties; (iv) Management capacity of leaders and professional qualifications of staff in the SM apparatus on construction investment 2.2.3 State management of CIP under PPP mode 2.2.3.1 The concept of SM for investment projects under the PPP method When referring to construction investment project management, the author proposes the following concept: SM of CIPs under the PPP method is an organized and regulated influence by the power of the State's laws by the agencies Therefore, competent state agencies implement the PPP mode of investment 2.2.3.2 SM objectives for PPP construction investment projects Roles and responsibilit ies of the state Publicity and transparency of the project The feasibility of the project's effectiveness Successful PPP project entif an s are ris s appropriatel Maximum of state support Methods and criteria for selecting investors nvestor s capacit Figure 2.3: Successful conditions of CIPs under the PPP method Source: Researched by the author and synthesized from [86,88,101,115,129] 2.2.3.3 Contents of SM for CIPs under the PPP method 2.2.3.4 State management process for CIPs under the PPP method 2.2.4 Decentralization of SM for CIPs under the PPP method From the perspective of state management, it is crucial to define the role and position of the Government That is to identify the assignment of powers of each level The process at all levels in project management depends on the fund scale and the size of each project Therefore, a project will be managed by which level and to what extent management is appropriate 2.3 Factors affecting SM of CIPs under the mode of PPP There are many factors affecting the efficiency of SM, and according to different criteria, to simplify the consideration of factors affecting SM of The feasibility of state management is assessed on the compatibility between the content of legal documents and the activities of the PPP project cycle 2.5 International experience in SM of CIPs under the mode of PPP 2.5.1 Experiences of some countries 2.5.1.1 Experience of the UK: 2.5.1.2 Canadian Experience 2.5.1.3 Experience of the French Republic 2.5.1.4 Korean experience 2.5.1.5 Experience of Indonesia 2.5.1.6 Experience of India 2.5.2 Lessons learned for Vietnam Firstly, adequate, transparent, and stable policies and laws; Second, PPP project development planning; Third, the Government's support policy must be feasible; Fourth, the SM apparatus for PPP projects is competent; Fifth, effective risk allocation mechanism; Sixth, strengthen publicity and transparency; CHAPTER ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATUS OF STATE MANAGEMENT FOR CONSTRUCTION INVESTMENT PROJECTS OF PUBLICPRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN VIETNAM 3.1 Overview of the legal framework and investment situation under the mode of public-private partnership in Vietnam from 1993 to 2020 3.1.1 The period from 1993 to 1997 This is the stage with the highest specific legal documents on PPP is Decree No 87/CP and Decree No 77-CP, Law on Foreign Investment No 04-HDNN08 dated December 29, 1987; This phase is the starting point for BOT contracts with Decrees [17, 18]; 3.1.2 The period from 1998 to 2011 This is the stage of expanding the types of PPP contracts and agreed in a document in Decree No.62/1998/ND-CP dated August 15, 1998, on investment regulations under BOT, BTO construction contracts, BT [19] This is the first legal document in Vietnam that adds BTO and BT methods 3.1.3 The period from 2012 to 2020 For the first time, the term "Public-Private Partnership - PPP" appeared, specifically "Improving mechanisms and policies to encourage investment in the form of PPP, BT, BOT with appropriate mechanisms an policies to attract investment in t e fiel s of infrastructure” [41] T is is when the state management agencies and investors begin to innovate about PPP methods, and it is also the time to attract the most investment in PPP methods 3.2 SM status of CIPs under the mode of PPP in Vietnam 3.2.1 The process of implementing CIPs according to the PPP method The process that has been decentralized by the Law on PPP to approve investment policies has gradually become clear to investors and state management agencies However, with the above implementation process an actual implementation not as regulate , “T e polic of ecentralization and decentralization of powers between the central and local governments and among local government levels has not been implemented synchronously and t oroug l accor ing to t e requirements set out” [69] 3.2.2 Project development planning under the mode of PPP Recently, the problem of planning and developing PPP projects in Vietnam has not been proactive While many PPP projects have been launched, the PPP project planning strategy has not kept pace with development needs Furthermore, it is not suitable and attractive to investors Most of the PPP projects implemented recently from the investor's side are proposed by investors, and almost implemented PPP projects are under BOT contracts in the transport sector from 2013- 2015 3.2.3 Policies and regulations on public-private partnership "Although the public investment law and the Investment Law have regulation for the form of PPP investment, they are still very general The highest legal document specifies specified, detailed about the new PPP investment method to stop at the decree-level, has not had separate laws In addition, many regulations are scattered in specialized laws, so it still exists law gaps The system of legal documents is still lacking in synchronously from the deployment of the implementation, completion and put into utilization, unassigned Impacts on affected subjects" [67] 3.2.4 State management apparatus on public-private partnerships Also working part-time: "At the implementation level, most ministries and People's Committees of provinces /cities have assigned their attached units to as a PPP's focal point, mainly the unit in charge of plans and finance at the Department of Planning and Investment In addition, a few agencies have established a specialized unit of PPP, such as the Ministry of Transport (establishment of PPP Department) and some cities, such as Hanoi and TP Ho Chi Minh (PPP Room under Department of Planning and Investment) " [36] 3.2.5 Staff and human resources in state management of PPP methods According to current regulations, only establishing the steering committee, officials are taken from other places, and having excellent experts in the SM apparatus for PPP is very difficult "PPP civil servants and civil servants implementing PPP in ministries, branches and localities mainly working in a part-time regime" [36] 3.2.6 Monitoring and evaluating projects for PPPs According to current regulations, besides competent state agencies, many other SM agencies participate in monitoring projects Therefore, too many subjects from the state agency lead to unclear responsibility In addition, there are no criteria for assessing state management activities 3.2.7 Capacity of private partners participating in the project Without detailed regulations, binding investors must demonstrate specific financial capacity and quantification for project implementation This means in choosing investors with good financial potential; this is also committed to binding responsibility for investors to recover investment capital and increase income for the project 3.3 Assessing the SM for CIP according to the method of PPP in Vietnam 3.3.1 The content assesses the effectiveness of state management Legal policies on PPP in recent times have many problems that are difficult to implement, such as overlapping between investment project laws, separate regulations on new PPP at the decree level (by 2020), Continuous change in Applying the PPP method 3.3.2 The content assesses the efficiency of state management "Study on detailed audit 40 projects show: Put into the financial plan Some contents have not yet stipulated to calculate the payback time, set up a short-term financial plan ; The state audit has proposed a reduction in the payback time of 40 projects of 120 years compared to the initial financial plan and the reduced investment value of VND 1,467.3 billion" [50] This shows that the effectiveness of SM in the past is minimal 3.3.3 The content assesses the sustainability of state management State management about PPP has no guarantees "stable and synchronous", especially in the period from 1998-2011, there are continuous "amendments and supplements", It can be found that policy capacity is still very limited, If the overall process of forming the PPP method so far, an average of 2.5 years has a change and rightful inheritance 3.3.4 The content assesses the feasibility of state management (SM) Regulations on planning, land acquisition, state capital participating with the project, about financial plans are not suitable for practicality Since then, the project has ensured profit for investors while reducing the risk that the State must compensate 3.4 Analysis of factors affecting the capacity of state management for construction investment projects under the mode of public-private partnership in Vietnam According to the PPP method, state management capacity for construction investment projects under the PPP method is the administrative apparatus's ability to perform the management function of construction investment projects The factors that makeup state management capacity include: - The administrative organization system is established based on clearly delineating functions and authority among agencies, organizations, and levels in the administrative system; - The system of institutions and administrative procedures is promulgated with scientific and reasonable grounds, creating a legal framework and asynchronous, rhythmic, quick and smooth operating mechanism of the State's administrative apparatus; - Human resources, with political qualities, ethics, qualifications and skills, are structured and standardized to meet specific requirements of the performance of official duties; - Overall necessary and sufficient material, technical and financial conditions to ensure effective public service activities 3.5 General assessment of the state management of construction investment projects under the mode of PPP in Vietnam 3.5.1 Main successes Decree No 63/2018/ND-CP is a legal document that is important for investment by PPP method Compared to previous regulations related to PPP, Vietnam's infrastructure capacity has been significantly improved in a shorter time than the State monopoly model in infrastructure construction investment did 3.5.2 Shortcoming, limitations, and causes 3.5.2.1 Shortcoming and limitations There are no overall strategies for construction investment by PPP; Guiding documents not promptly; 3.5.2.2 Causes Lack of synchronization in legal regulations; unclear instructions for implementation; lack of monitoring mechanisms and penalty policies for investors; no participation of investors and the community during the project selection process CHAPTER SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE STATE MANAGEMENT FOR CONSTRUCTION INVESTMENT PROJECTS ACCORDING TO THE METHOD OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN VIETNAM 4.1 The domestic and international context affects the SM of investment projects according to the method of PPPs in Vietnam 4.1.1 Domestic background The Vietnam Economic Background has had high growth compared to other countries in the same area in the past years For example, Vietnam has an increased income per capita, so it reaches a middle-income country That means the loan source ODA for infrastructure development will decrease 4.1.2 International background The world economy continues to face many uncertainties, and the economies have signs of slow growth American - Chinese trade tensions; Affect the global economy 4.1.3 Opportunities and challenges in the coming time (a) Opportunities and advantages The development of science and technology provides advances in managing and creating effective tools for the State in managing and monitoring investment activities according to PPP methods (b) Identification of challenges, difficulties The period from 2020 to 2030 is the stage of completing the commitments of the FTA That will face directly and extensively to the country's economy, localities, and businesses, increasing competition pressure significantly 4.2 Proposing solutions to improve SM for construction investment projects according to the method of PPP in Vietnam State management of PPP PPP policy and law Project monitoring and evaluation Section 4.2.1 and Section 4.3 Section 4.2.3 Information system about PPP Management apparatus and personnel Section 4.2.4 Section 4.2.2 Figure 4.1: Proposal to improve state management for PPP method 4.2.1 Developing and announcing the overall national strategy on Investment by PPP - The Government directs the formulation and publication of an overall national strategy on investment under the PPP method in each period under the country's socio-economic development strategy - Ministries, ministerial-level agencies, and government-attached agencies shall, within their respective jurisdictions, issue regulations and guidelines on investor selection for construction investment projects suitable to their respective management specialties Disclosure on the website as proposed in Section 4.2.4 - Objectives of national master planning: To be a tool of state management in the management of socio-economic development, in order to mobilize, allocate, effectively and rationally use national resources for sustainable development of the country 4.2.2 Completing the organization of the SM apparatus on the PPP method As analyzed above, the management apparatus is critical in the process of managing PPP projects, a suitable management apparatus with a competent authority and responsibility to resolve the problem will decide on a PPP project's success The Government directly directs the Central PPP Office, controlling and supervising through "State Audit" and the Ministry of Evaluation criteria in section 4.2.3 Government Specialized ministries National PPP Center Local PPP office National PPP project Local PPP project State audit Figure 4.2: Proposing the model of organization of SM of PPP 4.2.3 Proposing a set of criteria to assess the SM of construction investment projects under the mode of PPP In order to quickly assess the level of SM, the author proposes a PPP project consisting of phases, in each phase, there are essential contents for the successful implementation of the PPP project Furthermore, within specific implementation activities, there are the criteria for evaluating the management process of a PPP project (focusing on the state management function) The specific evaluation criteria that have been established for each project It is necessary to determine the weight of the importance of each criterion Within each criterion at each evaluation stage, the evaluation can be designed on a scale of 100 or 1000 In this thesis, the author illustrates the evaluation method on a 100-point scale In order to help supervisory agencies evaluate construction projects by the PPP method to establish a system of project evaluation criteria for each stage, the author proposes a standard evaluation criteria framework for each stage evaluation, shown in tables: 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 and 4.5 (In this summary, the thesis introduces Table 4.1, the following stages from Table 4.2 to Table 4.5 are similar in structure to Table 4.1, but the evaluation content depends on each stage evaluate) Assess stage State 1: Stage proposing investment policy and project preparation Phase 2: Feasibility study and site clearance plan Stage 3: Select investors and make clearance Stage 4: Implementation and management of project contracts and evaluation monitoring Stage 5: Operating and transferring projects to the State under the project contract Assess content 1.1 Select and identify projects 1.2 Planning and decentralization of project management 1.3 Feasibility before analysis (if any) 1.4 Check the appropriate level of the project 1.5 Attention of investors 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Comprehensive analysis feasibility Assessment of cost benefits (CBA) Identify, allocate and share risks calculate multi-benefit target Index of investment capital Plan for clearance 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Complete records of bidding documents Information disclosure and bidding Dialogue with related parties Organization of project clearance Select investors / contractors 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Management of project plans and contracts Responsibilities for reporting and explanation Supervision and evaluation work Report content of subjects Overall evaluate per project stage Conditions to bring the project to use 5.1 Project management and operation mechanism 5.2 Exploit plan, maintenance and maintenance 5.3 Development of adjacent services projects 5.4 Users are ready to use the service 5.5 Remove problems, conflicts arise 5.6 Project contract settlement and handover to the State Figure 4.3: The proposed model for the assessment of the SM of PPP Table 4.1: State management assessment criteria for phase Evaluation for phase 1: Stage proposing investment policy and project preparation 1.1 Selection and Weight scores 100 The right investment goal identify Construction position must be suitable projects Technical requirements meet General economic development of the region/industry Approval of the user 1.2 Planning and Project implementation cycle decentralization Time for each stage of project Decentralization for appraisal/approval management Select management methods Direct management organization 1.3 Analysis before Budget mobilization ability feasibility (if Plan to pay for capital and profit any) Science and technology applied Development market benefits Commercial ability to meet 1.4 Check the Planning specialized / region / area appropriate Technical feasibility level of the Allocation of capital for the project project Response of investors Impact and environmental affect 1.5 Investors' interest Favorable project accessibility Clearly and transparent project information Level criteria for many investors State of support policies Guarantee consistency of law General results 4.2.4Building website on the Government's Orthodox PPP For the Operation PPP method to achieve the expected results, it is necessary to establish a system of information related to PPP issues, as a database and reference for the State (Gorvernment officers) and investors on a PPP project's decision-making process Policy Project planning Contact Info Project evaluation Object Information about PPP Proposals Criteria Contract type Finance Contract structure Risk allocation Figure 4.5: PPP management information 4.3 Some recommendations on SM for CIPs according to the PPP 4.3.1 Completion of policies and laws by PPP method Continue to improve the policy framework and laws on investment and investment projects according to the more specific PPP methods that the Investment Law by the Public Public Partner has approved and completed the current legal provisions Involved in investment by PPP method Therefore, it is necessary to research to improve the current legal provisions related to investment in PPP methods 4.3.2 Financial implementation of the project by PPP method On the state capital, it is possible to study the centralized budget capital in the Central dedicated to PPP projects selected for each period, in line with the Public Investment Plan and short Financial Planning and long term; 4.3.3 Decentralization decisions and investment sectors Many projects decisions have affected the implementation progress, losing investment opportunities of investors Therefore, decentralization of management and investment decisions on PPP projects according to the project size, both in line with the capacity of management levels and the proposed model in Section 4.2.2 4.3.4 Recommendation to support from the Government The primary support and incentives are considered, including (1) Land acquisition; (2) funding and other financial support methods; (3) Guaranteed revenue; (4) Ensuring foreign currency; (5) Tax incentives; (6) Guaranteed loan 4.3.5 Recommended related to the private sector The State can support through several solutions: (1) training; (2) Provide project accessibility, can through the website as proposed above; (3) Provide financial capabilities 4.3.6 Some issues to harmonize the benefits between the parties Some contents: (1) Strengthen the supervision of people and related agencies; (2) Satisfactory compensation mechanisms; (3) identify risks, analyze, manage and distribute risks; CONCLUSIONS The result of the dissertation has contributed to clarifying some of the following essential contents: In theory: The dissertation has synthesized the process of forming and developing Vietnam's PPP method, clarifying, supplementing, and developing theory basis and legal basis for SM for CIPs According to the PPP method Objective analysis The advantages/disadvantages of each stage, in order to show the existences, limitations, and causes of SM for CIPs according to the PPP method last time In reality: The dissertation has analyzed the status of SM activities for CIPs according to the method of PPP through a number of domestic projects and international experiences, thereby determining the existence and limited and the main cause of SM for CIPs according to the method of PPP has been shown, which is: (1) Lack of synchronization in law provisions by PPP method; (2) Lack of overall strategy on construction investment by PPP method; (3) SM organization about PPP is not professionally and fully competent; (4) The supervision and evaluation of SM activities is unclear; (5) Lack of publicity, transparency, and interaction with stakeholders Research novelty: Based on the research on the shortcomings and limitations of SM on PPP projects, the thesis proposes 04 specific solutions and 06 recommendations to improve the SM for CIPs under the PPP method and a set of evaluation criteria SM activities according to the phases of CIPs under the PPP method Limitations of the dissertation Firstly, research is only implemented in some specific industries Meanwhile, the Government of Vietnam wants to apply PPP methods to all infrastructure and public service projects Secondly, the research results are in terms of state-of-the -age state management; while the new PPP law is passed, this result may supplement the theoretical basis for documents to guide PPP's laws to be completed The future research direction of the dissertation From the analysis, the above proposals and recommendations have contributed to some of the state management work However, it is necessary to have further research to clarify and more specifically, that is: - Studying in detail the Ministry of state management criteria for each specific sector/field, according to the activities of the industry/field, the weight assessment for each evaluation criteria; - Analyzing and evaluating the contents and the management process, gathering and posting on the Government's PPP website entirely, roots understand and implement; - Research to establish the PPP project management structure refers to those who play a different responsible role in that structure, managing and operating to bring the best results to the project ... state management For the state management of construction investment projects under the PPP method, the sustainability of SM includes the stability of legal documents and minimizing the overlap in. .. ensure the regulations in the construction investment and the contents of the CIP under the PPP method, in order for the SM of CIP under the PPP method to achieve the objectives in the management. .. OF THE CURRENT STATUS OF STATE MANAGEMENT FOR CONSTRUCTION INVESTMENT PROJECTS OF PUBLICPRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN VIETNAM 3.1 Overview of the legal framework and investment situation under the mode