Xử lý ảnh trong cơ điện tử machine vision chapter 1 introduction to machine vision

TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC BÁCH KHOA HÀ NỘI XỬ LÝ ẢNH TRONG CƠ ĐIỆN TỬ Machine Vision Giảng viên: TS Nguyễn Thành Hùng Đơn vị: Bộ môn Cơ điện tử, Viện Cơ khí Hà Nội, 2021 Chapter Introduction to machine vision Introduction Basic elements of machine vision system Classification Phân đoạn ảnh Technical specifications Designing a Machine Vision System Introduction ❖Definition ➢ Machine vision (MV) is the technology and methods used to provide imagingbased automatic inspection and analysis for such applications as automatic inspection, process control, and robot guidance, usually in industry ➢ Machine vision is a term encompassing a large number of technologies, software and hardware products, integrated systems, actions, methods and expertise ➢ Machine vision as a systems engineering discipline can be considered distinct from computer vision, a form of computer science ➢ It attempts to integrate existing technologies in new ways and apply them to solve real world problems Introduction ❖Definition ➢ The overall machine vision process includes planning the details of the requirements and project, and then creating a solution During run-time, the process starts with imaging, followed by automated analysis of the image and extraction of the required information Introduction ❖Definition https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_machine_vision Introduction ❖Application: Locate ➢ To find the object and report its position and orientation Introduction ❖Application: Measure ➢ To measure physical dimensions of the object Introduction ❖Application: Inspect ➢ To validate certain features Introduction ❖Application: Inspect Introduction ❖Application: Identify 10 Designing a Machine Vision System 5.1 Camera Type 5.2 Field of View 5.3 Resolution 5.4 Choice of Camera, Frame Grabber, and Hardware Platform 5.5 Lens Design 5.6 Choice of Illumination 5.7 Mechanical Design 5.8 Electrical Design 5.9 Software 5.10 Costs Alexander Hornberg, “Handbook of Machine Vision,” WILEY-VCH, Weinheim, 2006 154 Designing a Machine Vision System ❑ 5.8 Electrical Design ➢ The power supply ➢ The housing of cameras and illumination ➢ The length of cables as well as their laying Alexander Hornberg, “Handbook of Machine Vision,” WILEY-VCH, Weinheim, 2006 155 Designing a Machine Vision System 5.1 Camera Type 5.2 Field of View 5.3 Resolution 5.4 Choice of Camera, Frame Grabber, and Hardware Platform 5.5 Lens Design 5.6 Choice of Illumination 5.7 Mechanical Design 5.8 Electrical Design 5.9 Software 5.10 Costs Alexander Hornberg, “Handbook of Machine Vision,” WILEY-VCH, Weinheim, 2006 156 Designing a Machine Vision System ❑ 5.9 Software ➢ selection of a software library ➢ design and implementation of the application-specific software Alexander Hornberg, “Handbook of Machine Vision,” WILEY-VCH, Weinheim, 2006 157 Designing a Machine Vision System ❑ 5.9 Software ➢ Software Library ➢ Software Structure ▪ Image acquisition ▪ Preprocessing ▪ Feature localization ▪ Feature extraction ▪ Feature interpretation ▪ Generation of results ▪ Handling interfaces Alexander Hornberg, “Handbook of Machine Vision,” WILEY-VCH, Weinheim, 2006 158 Designing a Machine Vision System ❑ 5.9 Software ➢ General Topics ▪ Visualization of live images for all cameras ▪ Possibility of image saving ▪ Maintenance modus ▪ Log files for the system state ▪ Detailed visualization of the image processing ▪ Crucial processing parameters Alexander Hornberg, “Handbook of Machine Vision,” WILEY-VCH, Weinheim, 2006 159 Designing a Machine Vision System 5.1 Camera Type 5.2 Field of View 5.3 Resolution 5.4 Choice of Camera, Frame Grabber, and Hardware Platform 5.5 Lens Design 5.6 Choice of Illumination 5.7 Mechanical Design 5.8 Electrical Design 5.9 Software 5.10 Costs Alexander Hornberg, “Handbook of Machine Vision,” WILEY-VCH, Weinheim, 2006 160 Designing a Machine Vision System ❑ 5.10 Costs ➢ The development costs ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ project management base design hardware components software licenses software development installation test runs, feasibility tests, and acceptance test training documentation Alexander Hornberg, “Handbook of Machine Vision,” WILEY-VCH, Weinheim, 2006 161 Designing a Machine Vision System ❑ 5.10 Costs ➢ The operating costs ▪ maintenance, such as cleaning of the optical equipment ▪ change of equipment, such as lamps ▪ utility, for instance electrical power or compressed air if needed ▪ costs for system modification due to product changes Alexander Hornberg, “Handbook of Machine Vision,” WILEY-VCH, Weinheim, 2006 162 Quiz Quiz Number Quiz Type OX Example Select Question Choose the lighting for measuring the radius R and r of following object: R Example A Dome Light C Darkfield Answer Feedback B On-Axis Light D Backlight r Quiz Quiz Number Quiz Type OX Example Select Question Assume that the object size = 10 cm x 20 cm, sensor resolution = 640x480 pixels Calculate the object resolution? Example A 0.31 mm/pixel B 0.21 mm/pixel C 0.17 mm/pixel D 0.42 mm/pixel Answer Feedback Quiz Quiz Number Quiz Type OX Example Select Question Splitting an input image into component areas is called: Example A Image preprocessing C Image recognition Answer Feedback B Image segmentation D Image representation Quiz Quiz Number Quiz Type OX Example Select Question The performance requirements of a machine vision system are: Example A Accuracy C Both A and B Answer Feedback B Time performance D None of the above Quiz Quiz Number Question Quiz Type OX Example Select Diameter Inspection of Rivets: + The nominal size of the rivets lies in a range of mm to mm + The required accuracy is 0.1 mm + The tolerance of part positioning is less than ±1 mm across the optical axis and ±0.1 mm in the direction of the optical axis The belt stops for 1.5 s + The maximum processing time is s; the cycle time is 2.5s + The maximum space for installing equipment is 500 mm Quiz Quiz Number Question Quiz Type OX Example Select Bearing with rivet and disk .. .Chapter Introduction to machine vision Introduction Basic elements of machine vision system Classification Phân đoạn ảnh Technical specifications Designing a Machine Vision System Introduction. .. validate certain features Introduction ❖Application: Inspect Introduction ❖Application: Identify 10 Chapter Introduction to machine vision Introduction Basic elements of machine vision system Classification... a Machine Vision System 11 Basic elements of machine vision system 2 .1 Overview 2.2 Illumination 2.3 Imaging 2.4 Image processing and analysis 12 Basic elements of machine vision system ❑ 2.1