second edition PIPE DESIGN HANDBOOK For Use With Special Hazard Fire Suppression Systems FSSA PDH-01 PIPE DESIGN HANDBOOK For Use With SPECIAL HAZARD FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS Second Edition August 2003 Fire Suppression Systems Association 5024-R Campbell Boulevard Baltimore, Maryland 21236-5974 Phone: (410) 931-8100 Fax: (410) 931-8111 www.fssa.net © 2003 by the Fire Suppression Systems Association All Rights Reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including photocopy, xerography, recording, or by use of any information or storage and retrieval system, without prior written permission of the publisher FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION Forward, Introduction & Definitions Design Criteria Pipe Pressure Tables Pipe & Fittings- Rated Working Pressure Special Requirements for Closed Sections of Piping Pipe Supports and Hangers APPENDIX A: Pipe Requirements for FSSA Equipment Manufacturers Engineered Systems APPENDIX B: Pipe Fittings for use in CLEAN AGENT SYSTEM Piping APPENDIX C: References Page of FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 FORWARD The Fire Suppression Systems Association (FSSA) has developed this handbook to provide guidance to system designers on how to apply the ASME B31.1 Power Piping Code in a uniform and consistent manner, in order to determine the maximum allowable internal working pressure for piping used in special hazard fire suppression systems The FSSA Technical Committee was assigned the task to address this issue The resulting document provides the necessary guidelines, along with supplemental information, to assist the system designer in complying with the requirements specified in the applicable NFPA Standards related to the Power Piping Code This handbook is currently referenced in several of the NFPA standards The first edition of this document was published in June 2001 The second edition of the handbook was published in August 2003, and includes revisions to Section 3, Appendix A, and Appendix C; along with the addition of new Section and new Appendix B CAUTION This document provides general guidelines and is not intended to provide all information necessary to determine equipment and material requirements for specific installations or applications Always refer to the equipment manufacturer’s instructions and recommendations, along with other regulations and NFPA Standards that may apply Some limitations and restrictions apply Please refer to the text and notes, which follow This document is subject to modifications Users should obtain the latest version The Association, its members, and those participating in its activities accept no responsibility or liability to any one for the completeness or use of, or reliance on this document, or for compliance with the provisions herein Section / Page of FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 1.0 INTRODUCTION This document provides general information and guidelines on the design of piping and tubing systems for use with all types of special hazard fire suppression systems, where the ASME B31.1 Power Piping Code is specified This Guide follows the general design parameters of the Power Piping Code, but has been modified similar to the accepted formats found in NFPA-12A and NFPA-2001 An expanded list of pressure Tables are found in Section These Tables provide the system designer with maximum allowable internal working pressures that have been pre-calculated for various types of pipe and tubing materials and end connections In all cases, the pipe and fittings shall have a minimum rated working pressure equal to or greater than the minimum piping design working pressure specified in Appendix A of this document, for the agent being used 1.1 DEFINITIONS Some terms used in this document, related to pipe and tubing and supports / hangers are defined below Brazing: A metal joining process where fusion is produced by use of a nonferrous filler metal having a melting point above 800oF (425oC) but lower than that of the base metals used The filler metal is distributed between the closely fitted surfaces of the joint by capillary action Butt Joint: A joint between two members lying approximately in the same plane Filler Metal: Metal that is added during welding, soldering, or brazing Full Fillet Weld: A fillet weld whose size is equal to the thickness of the thinner member joined Maximum Allowable Stress (SE): The maximum stress value that may be used in the design formulas for a given material and design temperature These valves are given in the Tables in Appendix A of the Power Piping Code, and in Table 2-1 of this document; and include the longitudinal seam joint efficiency factors Maximum Allowable Working Pressure: The pressure at a coincident temperature to which the piping can be subjected without exceeding the maximum allowable stress Section / Page of FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 Nominal Thickness: The thickness given in the product material specification or standard, exclusive of manufacturing tolerances Pipe and Tube: The fundamental difference between pipe and tube is the dimensional standard to which each is manufactured For use in this document both have a round cross section A pipe is a tube of round cross section conforming to the dimensional requirements for nominal pipe size as tabulated in ANSI B36.10 A tube is a hollow product of round cross section that may be specified with respect to any two, but not all three of the following: outside diameter, inside diameter, and wall thickness (Types K, L, and M copper tube may also be specified by nominal size and type only) Electric Resistance Welded Pipe and Tubing (ERW): Pipe or tubing having a longitudinal butt joint where fusion is produced by the heat obtained from resistance to the flow of electric current in a circuit of which the pipe/tubing is a part, and by the application of pressure Furnace Butt Welded Pipe: Pipe having its longitudinal butt joint forge welded by mechanical pressure developed in drawing the furnace heated metal through a cone shaped die which serves as a combined forming and welding die Electric Fusion Welded Pipe: Pipe having a longitudinal butt joint where fusion is produced in the preformed metal by manual or automatic arc welding The weld may be made with or without the use of filler metal Seamless Pipe: Pipe produced by several methods that result in a round pipe that does not have a longitudinal seam Soldering: A metal joining process where fusion is produced by heating to a suitable temperature and by using a nonferrous alloy that melts at temperatures below 800oF (425oC) and having a melting point below that of the base metals being used Rigid Support: The method of securing pipe or tubing to walls, ceiling structures or columns to prevent movement in any direction Intermediate Support: The method of supporting piping or tubing to counter the force of gravity The supports are normally located between rigid supports, but are not intended to counter longitudinal or lateral sway, or as bracing against thrusts associated with changes in direction Section / Page of FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 2.0 DESIGN CRITERIA All calculations to determine the maximum allowable working pressure for various types of pipe and tubing, shall be based on the ASME B31.1 Power Piping Code, 1998 edition, (including B31.1a 1999 Addenda; & B31.1b 2000 Addenda); and as modified herein for use in all types of special hazard fire suppression systems: The criteria specified follows the basic format found in NFPA-12A and NFPA-2001, and covers pressure-temperature ratings for allowable stress, longitudinal joint efficiencies, end connection factors, and other allowances and limitations used in the design of actuation and distribution system piping 2.1 Limitations established for pipe and tubing, used in special hazard fire suppression systems, are set by: (Note: Where the word “pipe” is used it is understood to also mean “tubing”) (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) Maximum pressure expected in the pipe, or as specified in the applicable NFPA Standard Materials of construction of the pipe, tensile strength, yield strength, and temperature limitations of the material End connection joining methods, (e.g threaded, welded, grooved, etc.) Pipe construction method, (e.g seamless, ERW, furnace welded, etc.) Pipe diameter Pipe wall thickness Cast iron pipe, steel pipe conforming to ASTM A-120, aluminum pipe, or non-metallic pipe, shall not be used 2.2 The calculations are based on the following: (a) (b) The appropriate maximum allowable stress value (SE) shall be taken from Appendix A of the Power Piping Code (PPC) The SE values taken from Appendix A of the Power Piping Code shall be based on a temperature of not less than +130oF for the material being used Note: 130oF designation is based on the maximum operating temperature of most listed/approved fire suppression systems (c) (d) (e) (f) For piping, the calculations cover threaded, welded, brazed, rolled and cut groove, end connections For tubing, the calculations cover using compression or flare fittings; or welded, brazed, or soldered end connections Materials covered in the calculations include steel pipe and tubing, stainless steel pipe and tubing, and copper tubing Other metallic pipe and tubing can be used, provided that the appropriate SE values, wall thickness, and end connection factors are substituted Section / Page of FSSA PDH-01 2.3 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 DESIGN CALCULATIONS The basic equation to be used to calculate the maximum allowable working pressure for piping/tubing subject to internal pressure is: P = 2SE (t-A)/D EQ #1 Where: t = nominal wall thickness (inches) D = outside diameter of pipe or tubing (inches) P = maximum allowable working pressure (psig) SE = maximum allowable stress [including longitudinal seam joint efficiency] (psi) A = allowance for threading, grooving, etc (inches) NOTE: For these calculations: A = depth of thread for threaded connections A = depth of groove for cut groove connections A = zero for welded or rolled groove connections A = zero for joints in tubing using compression or flare fittings; or brazed or welded end connections The term SE is generally defined as 1/4 of the tensile strength of the piping material or 2/3 of the yield strength (whichever is lower) multiplied by a longitudinal seam joint efficiency factor, as noted below Joint efficiency factors are: 1.00 for seamless 0.85 for ERW (electric resistance welded) 0.60 for furnace butt weld (continuous weld) (Class F) When A=0 the basic equation can be further simplified to: P = (2tSE)/D EQ #2 Section / Page of FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 2.4 MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE STRESS (SE) VALUES The majority of special hazard fire suppression systems have piping systems that are not normally pressurized In addition, most of these systems have discharge times that are considerably less than 60 minutes in duration, and therefore satisfy the criteria where the SE values can be increased by 20% when calculating the maximum allowable working pressures To directly address the most common type of systems, the maximum allowable working pressures shown in the pipe pressure Tables in Section 3, use SE values that have been increased by 20% for use with piping not normally pressurized The 20% increase is only valid where the duration of system discharge is limited to 60 minutes at any one time Reference Information Paragraph 102.2.4 of the ASME B31.1b-2000 Addenda to the Power Piping Code, recognizes that the piping system shall be considered safe under conditions where the piping may be subjected to short periods of higher design pressure or temperature For this situation the ASME B31.1 Power Piping Code allows the maximum allowable stress to be exceeded by: (a) 15% increase in allowable stress, if the event duration occurs for no more than eight hours (480 minutes) at any one time, and no more than 800 hours/year, or (b) 20% increase in allowable stress, if the event duration occurs for no more than hour (60 minutes) at any one time, and no more than 80 hours/year Table 2-1 gives values for SE as taken from Appendix A of the ASME B31.1, Power Piping Code, along with SE values increased by 20% for use in the calculations CAUTION The SE values used in the calculations are also limited to the maximum temperatures shown in Table 2-1 If higher temperatures are anticipated, then the SE values must be reduced to agree with the values shown in Appendix A of the Power Piping Code at the higher temperature for the piping materials being used Section / Page of FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 TABLE 2-1 Pipe or Tube Material Steel Pipe Seamless Seamless Seamless Seamless Seamless ERW ERW Furnace Welded Stainless Steel Pipe Type 304 Seamless Type 304 Welded Type 304L Seamless Type 304L Welded Type 316 Seamless Type 316 Welded Type 316L Seamless Type 316L Welded Steel Tubing Seamless ERW ERW Stainless Steel Tubing Type 304 Seamless Type 304 ERW Type 304L Seamless Type 304L ERW Type 316 Seamless Type 316 ERW Type 316L Seamless Type 316L ERW Copper Tubing Seamless, Annealed Seamless, Drawn ASTM Spec SE Value (psi) (oF) Taken From Temperature Appendix A Range ASME B31.1 SE Value Increased 20% (psi) A 106 Gr C A 53 Gr B A 106 Gr B A 53 Gr A A 106 Gr A A 53 Gr B A 53 Gr A A 53 Gr F 17500 15000 15000 12000 12000 12800 10200 7200 -20 to +650 -20 to +650 -20 to +650 -20 to +650 -20 to +650 -20 to +650 -20 to +650 -20 to +650 21000 18000 18000 14400 14400 15360 12240 8640 A 312 A 312 A 312 A 312 A 312 A 312 A 312 A 312 15700 13300 13400 11400 16200 13800 13300 11300 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 18840 15960 16080 13680 19440 16560 15960 13560 A 179 A 178 Gr A A 178 Gr C 11800 10000 12800 -20 to +650 -20 to +650 -20 to +650 14160 12000 15360 A 213, A 269 A 249, A 269 A 213, A 269 A 249, A 269 A 213, A 269 A 249, A 269 A 213, A 269 A 249, A 269 15700 13300 13400 11400 16200 13800 13300 11300 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 -20 to +200 18840 15960 16080 13680 19440 16560 15960 13560 B 88, B 280 B 88, B 280 5100 9000 -20 to +150 -20 to +250 6120 10800 Section / Page of FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 6.2.14 Typical Rigid Support 6.2.15 Typical Rigid Support 6.2.16 Typical Rigid Support Section / Page of 13 FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 6.2.17 Typical Rigid Support 6.2.18 Typical Rigid Support Section / Page of 13 FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 6.3 Following are eleven (11) examples of intermediate pipe hangers Specific installation guidelines, as provided by the manufacturer of pipe supports and/or pipe support systems, shall be followed 6.3.1 Typical Intermediate Support 6.3.2 Typical Intermediate Support 6.3.3 Typical Intermediate Support Section / Page of 13 FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 6.3.4 Typical Intermediate Support 6.3.5 Typical Intermediate Support 6.3.6 Typical Intermediate Support Section / Page 10 of 13 FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 6.3.7 Typical Intermediate Support 6.3.8 Typical Intermediate Support 6.3.9 Typical Intermediate Support Section / Page 11 of 13 FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 6.3.10 Typical Intermediate Support 6.3.11 Typical Intermediate Support Section / Page 12 of 13 FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 TABLE 6-1 MAXIMUM HORIZONTAL SPACING BETWEEN PIPE SUPPORTS FOR SCREWED, WELDED, OR GROOVED PIPE WITH ROD DIAMETERS Reference: MSS SP-69-1996 Distance Pipe Between Rod Size Supports Diameter (inches) (feet) (inches) ẳ 3/8 ẵ 3/8 ắ 3/8 3/8 ẳ 3/8 ẵ 3/8 2” 10 3/8 ½” 11 1/2 3” 12 1/2 4” 14 5/8 5” 16 5/8 6” 17 3/4 8” 19 3/4 Note: “C” Clamps are not acceptable to support rod hangers TABLE 6-2 MAXIMUM HORIZONTAL SPACING BETWEEN TUBING SUPPORTS WITH ROD DIAMETERS Reference: MSS SP-69-1996 Distance Tubing Between Rod Size Supports Diameter (inches) (feet) (inches) ẳ 3/8 ẵ 3/8 ắ 3/8 3/8 ẳ 3/8 ½” 3/8 2” 3/8 ½” 1/2 3” 10 1/2 4” 12 1/2 5” 13 1/2 6” 14 5/8 8” 16 3/4 Section / Page 13 of 13 FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 APPENDIX A A.0 PIPE REQUIREMENTS FOR FSSA EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURER’S ENGINEERED SYSTEMS A.1 MANUFACTURER’S SUPPRESSION SYSTEM PARAMETERS Product Trade Name Cylinder Pressure Maximum Operating Psi @ 70ºF Temp ºF CO2 Ansul Chemetron Fike Kidde Ansul 850 850 850 850 300 130 130 130 130 130 System Type CO2 High Press Manufacturer Min Pipe Design Working Pressure per NFPA (PSI) NFPA 12 NFPA 12 NFPA 12 NFPA 12 350 Manufacturer Specs: Pipe (1a, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7,8) (1a, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7,8) (1a, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7,8) (1a, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7,8) (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) Low Press Chemetron 300 130 350 (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) Dry Chemical Ansul 205 120 215 (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) FK-5-12 HFC-125 Ansul Fike Chemetron Fenwal Fike Kidde Pyro Chem Siemens Novec 1230 ECARO-25 FM-200 FM-200 FE-227 FM-200 FM-200 FM-200 360 360 360 360 360 360 360 360 130 120 130 130 130 130 130 130 416 500 416 416 416 416 416 416 (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) (1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) Kidde FE-13 686 130 (Before Press Red.) (After Press Red.) (Before Press Red.) (After Press Red.) Chemetron (Before Press Red.) (After Press Red.) Argon 2370 2370 (2, 3, 4, 5) Argon 2964 130 Per Calcs 130 Per Calcs 2964 (2, 3, 4, 5) 2900 130 Per Calcs 2900 (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) 2900 130 Per Calcs 130 Per Calcs 2900 (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) 2404 (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) 2175 130 Per Calcs 2175 (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) 2900 130 Per Calcs 2900 (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) N/A N/A 130 130 N/A N/A Corro-Proof, PPC Corro-Proof, PPC HFC-227ea HFC-23 IG-01 IG-55 IG 100 IG-541 Water Mist Fike (Before Press Red.) (After Press Red.) (Before Press Red.) (After Press Red.) Ansul (Before Press Red.) (After Press Red.) Ansul (Before Press Red.) (After Press Red.) Chemetron Fike 927 to 1,371 (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) (See Note 10) Argonite ProInert Nitrogen 2404 Inergen Inergen MicroMist Section / Page of FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 Piping & Fitting Notes: 1) Schedule 40 pipe 1a) Schedule 40 pipe, ¾” and smaller 2) Schedule 80 pipe 3) Schedule 160 pipe 4) ASTM A-106, Seamless, Grade C 5) ASTM A-53/A-106, Seamless, Grade B 6) ASTM A-53/A-106, Seamless, Grade A 7) ASTM A-53, ERW, Grade B 8) ASTM A-53, ERW, Grade A 9) ASTM A-53, Class F, Furnace Weld 10) For HFC-23 systems the pipe minimum design pressure rating depends on the cylinder fill density, determined in accordance with NFPA 2001 Section 2-2.1.1, as follows: Fill Density (lb/ft3) Minimum Design Pressure (psig) 48 1,371 45 1,248 40 1,106 35 1,007 30 927 PPC: Power Piping Code; ANSI B31.1 Note: Appendix A includes piping parameters for “engineered” systems Pre-engineered and pre-calc systems have pre-selected parameters and therefore are not included in this section Section / Page of FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 APPENDIX B B.1 PIPE FITTINGS FOR USE IN CLEAN AGENT SYSTEM PIPING Fittings that are acceptable for use in clean agent systems are found in Table B.1 and Table B.2 The fittings shown in these tables are based on use in open ended piping systems For fittings used in closed sections of pipe, Section of this Handbook should be consulted TABLE B.1 Pipe Fittings for Use in Clean Agent Systems (Note 1) Pressure in Agent Container o at 70 F (up to and including) (psig) 360 Fitting Minimum Design Pressure o At 70 F (Note 2) (psig) 416 500 for HFC-125 600 820 HFC-23 609 1,371 (Note 4) IG-541 2,175 Clean Agent All Halocarbon Agents (Except HFC-23) 2,900 IG-01 2,370 2,964 2,175 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) 2,900 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) 2,370 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) 2,964 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) Minimum Acceptable Fittings Maximum Pipe Size Class 300-lb thrd malleable iron Class 300-lb thrd ductile iron Groove type fittings (Note 3) Class 300-lb flanged joints Class 300-lb thrd malleable iron Class 2,000-lb thrd./weld F.S Class 400-lb flanged joint Class 300-lb thrd malleable iron Class 2,000-lb thrd./weld F.S Class 600-lb flanged joint Class 2,000-lb thrd forged steel Class 3,000-lb thrd/weld F.S Class 1,500-lb flanged joint (NPS) 6” 6” 6” All 4” All All 2” All All 2-1/2” All All (Note 5) (Note 5) Class 2,000-lb thrd forged steel Class 3,000-lb thrd./weld F.S Class 1,500-lb flanged joint (Note 5) (Note 5) Class 2,000-lb thrd forged steel Class 3,000-lb thrd/weld F.S Class 1,500-lb flanged joint (Note 5) 1-1/2” All All (Note 5) Class 2,000-lb thrd forged steel Class 3,000-lb thrd/weld F.S Class 1,500-lb flanged joint (Note 5) 1” All All 1” All All (Note 5) Section / of FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 TABLE B.1 Clean Agent System Pipe Fittings (Note 1) (Continued) Clean Agent IG-55 Pressure in Agent Container o at 70 F (up to and including) (psig) 2,175 2,900 4,350 Fitting Minimum Design Pressure o o At 70 F (21 C) (Note 2) (psig) 2,175 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) 2,900 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) 4,350 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) Minimum Acceptable Fittings Class 2,000-lb thrd forged steel Class 3,000-lb thrd/weld F.S Class 1,500-lb flanged joint (Note 5) (NPS) 2-1/2” All All (Note 5) Class 2,000-lb thrd forged steel Class 3,000-lb thrd/weld F.S Class 1,500-lb flanged joint (Note 5) 1” All All (Note 5) Class 3,000-lb thrd/weld F.S Class 6,000-lb thrd/weld F.S Class 2,500-lb flanged joint (Note 5) Maximum Pipe Size 1” All All (Note 5) Section / Page of FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 TABLE B.1 Clean Agent System Pipe Fittings (Note 1) (Continued) Clean Agent IG-100 Pressure in Agent Container o at 70 F (up to and including) (psig) 2,404 3,236 4,061 Fitting Minimum Design Pressure o At 70 F (Note 2) (psig) 2,404 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) 3,236 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) 4,061 Upstream of the pressure reducer Downstream of the pressure reducer (Note 5) Minimum Acceptable Fittings Class 2,000-lb thrd forged steel Class 3,000-lb thrd/weld F.S Class 1,500-lb flanged joint (Note 5) (NPS) 1-1/2” All All Note 5) Class 2,000-lb thrd forged steel Class 3,000-lb thrd/weld F.S Class 1,500-lb.flanged joint (Note 5) 3/4” All All (Note 5) Class 3,000-lb thrd/weld F.S Class 6,000-lb thrd/weld F.S Class 2,500-lb flanged joint (Note 5) Maximum Pipe Size 1” All All (Note 5) Notes: All fitting ratings shown are based on open ended piping systems Minimum design pressures are taken from Table 2-2.1.1(a) and Table 2-2.1.1(b) of NFPA2001 Check with grooved fitting manufacturers for pressure ratings This value good for all fill densities up to 48 lb/ft3 The minimum design pressure, for fittings downstream of the pressure reducer, should be determined by system flow calculations Acceptable pipe fittings for several values of pressures downstream of the pressure reducer can be found in Table B.2 The materials shown in Tables B.1 and B.2 not preclude the use of other materials and other types and style of fittings that satisfy the pressure requirements The pressure ratings of the forged steel threaded or welded fittings are based on the pressure equivalent of the numerical class of the fitting or on the pressure rating of ASTM A-106, Grade B seamless steel pipe, whichever is higher Section / Page of FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 TABLE B.2 Pipe Fittings for use in Inert Gas Systems Downstream of the Pressure Reducer Maximum Pressure Downstream of the Pressure Reducer o At 70 F (up to and including) (psig) 1,000 1,350 1,500 2,000 Minimum Acceptable Fittings Class 300-lb thrd malleable iron Class 2,000-lb thrd/welded forged steel Class 3,000-lb thrd/welded forged steel Class 600-lb flanged joint Class 300-lb thrd malleable iron Class 2,000-lb thrd/welded forged steel Class 3,000-lb thrd/welded forged steel Class 600-lb flanged joint Class 300-lb thrd malleable iron Class 2,000-lb thrd/welded forged steel Class 3,000-lb thrd/welded forged steel Class 900-lb flanged joint Class 300-lb thrd malleable iron Class 2,000-lb thrd/welded forged steel Class 3,000-lb thrd/welded forged steel Class 900-lb flanged joint Maximum Pipe Size (NPS) 4” All All All 2” All All All 2” All All All 1” All All All Section / Page of FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 APPENDIX C C.0 REFERENCES C.1 PUBLICATIONS ASME B31.1 – 1998 Edition, Power Piping Code ♦ ASME B31.1a – 1999 Addenda, issued November 30, 1999 ♦ ASME B31.1b – 2000 Addenda, issued September 15, 2000 ASME B 16.3 – 1998 Edition, Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings ASME B 16.11 – 1996 Edition, Forged Steel Fittings – Socket-Welding and Threaded National Fire Protection Association Standards ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ NFPA-12 Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems, 2000 Edition NFPA-12A Standard on Halon 1301 Fire Extinguishing Systems, 1997 Edition NFPA-17 Standard on Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems, 1998 Edition NFPA 750 Standard on Water Mist Fire Protection Systems, 2000 Edition NFPA-2001 Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems, 2000 Edition American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Specifications For: ♦ ASTM A53 – Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless ♦ ASTM A106 – Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service ♦ ASTM A178 – Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Tubes ♦ ASTM A179 – Seamless Cold Drawn Low-Carbon Steel Heat Exchanger and Condenser Tubes ♦ ASTM A213 – Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy – Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat Exchanger Tubes ♦ ASTM A249 – Welded Austenitic Steel Boiler, Superheater, Heat Exchanger, and Condenser Tubes ♦ ASTM A269 – Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service ♦ ASTM A312 – Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe ♦ ASTM B88 – Seamless Copper Water Tube ♦ ASTM B280 – Seamless Copper Tube for Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Service Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc ♦ MSS SP-127-2001 – Bracing For Piping Systems Seismic – Wind – Dynamic Design, Selection, Application Section / Page of FSSA PDH-01 FSSA Pipe Design Handbook August 2003 To order copies of the referenced publications, contact: a ASME International 22 Law Drive P.O Box 2900 Fairfield, NJ 07007-2900 Phone: 800-843-2763 973-882-1167 Fax: 973-882-1717 Website: asme.org b NFPA Standards National Fire Protection Association 11 Tracy Drive Avon, MA 02322-9908 Phone: 800-344-3555 Fax: 800-593-6372 Website: www.nfpa.org c ASTM Standards American Society for Testing and Materials 100 Bar Harbor Drive West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 Phone: 610-832-9585 Website: astm.org d Manufacturers Standardization Society 127 Park Street, N.E Vienna, VA 22180 Phone: 703-281-6613 Website: www.mss-hq.com Section / Page of