Constituent Structure - Part 7
Constituent Structure - Part 7
... axiomatically. This is the so-called non-tangling condition of Wall (1 972 ), which derives a basic assumption of Chomsky (1 975 ): there are no discontinuous constituents.30 A9. Non-tangling condition:(8wxyz ... terminals u, v. In Carnie (2006c), I informally present the non-tangling constraint as the no-crossing- branches constraint: (ii) No-crossing-branches constraint If one node X preced...
Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2013, 19:15
Constituent Structure - Part 6
... sort of ‘ part of’’ relation. So in (9a, b) the N is a part of NP. The reverse is not true, NP is not a part of N. So in (9a), we assert that man is a part of N, but that N is not a part of man. ... of course, a part of itself (hence the intuition that domination is reXexive). N dominates N, so N is part of N. The part- of quality of domination tells us that when two nodes are...
Ngày tải lên: 17/10/2013, 23:15
Constituent Structure - Part 8
... the sisterhood relation or symmetric c-command: ( 17) Symmetric c-command A symmetrically c-commands B, if A c-commands B and B c-commands A. Asymmetric c-command is the kind that holds between ... 47, attributed to Ed Keenan): (13) (a) namono azy ny anadahin-dRakoto kill him the sister-of-Rakoto ‘‘Rakoto i ’s sister killed him i .’’ (b) *namono ny anadahin-dRakoto izy kill the sister-of-Rako...
Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2013, 19:15
Constituent Structure - Part 9
... indeed occur under a c-command-like structural relation, then clearly m-command is most appropriate. In the trees in (34) the case assigning node m-commands—but does not c-command— the NP it assigns ... discuss the i-within-i facts. It is a relatively minor change to Wx their deWnitions so that it includes this condition. 60 preliminaries 5 Capturing Constituent Structure: Phrase Structu...
Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 17:15
Constituent Structure - Part 10
... invented much later by Lasnik and Kupin (1 977 )andKupin(1 978 ): the monostring. Monostrings are those elements in the P-marker that consist of exactly one non-terminal and any number (including Ø) ... Chomsky’s (19 57) formalization of phrase structure grammars. 5.2 Phrase structure grammars In his early unpublished work (the Logical Structure of Linguistic Theory (LSLT), later publis...
Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 17:15
Constituent Structure - Part 11
... surface order from a very abstract structure using movement operations. 82 phrase structure grammars and x-bar 5.4.2 Context-free and context-sensitive phrase structure grammars Let us distinguish ... GPSG: Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (which, iron- ically, at least in its most recent incarnations is not a phrase structure grammar in any recognizable form at all), this arbor...
Ngày tải lên: 29/10/2013, 00:15
Constituent Structure - Part 12
... he þN ÀV þpronoun þ3person Àplural þmasculine 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 4 3 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 5 The traditions of LFG and HPSG use a diVerent notation: the Attri- bute Value Matrix (AVM). AVMs put the feature (also ... is represented by their left-to-right organization in the rule. In versions of PSG that are primarily tree-geometric rather than being based on P-markers or RPMs, the...
Ngày tải lên: 29/10/2013, 00:15
Constituent Structure - Part 13
... structure grammars and x-bar (26) f 1 , f 3 , f 6 pred ‘love hsubj, obji’ tense present subj f 2 , f 4 , f 5 def þ num sng pred ‘cat’ obj f 7 , f 8 pred ‘tuna’ 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 4 3 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 5 Typically, ... LFG Lexical-Functional Grammar uses a similar semantic extension to the constituent structure (or c -structure as it is called in LFG): the f -structure, which is sim...
Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 23:15
Constituent Structure - Part 14
... subj) 6 .7. 3 Summary The extensions to constituent structure/ phrase structure suggested in this section all make reference to mapping the constituent structure onto some kind of enriched semantic structure. ... structure. extended phrase structure grammars 111 7 X-bar Theory 7. 1 Introduction Phrase structure grammars and their extensions provide us with powerful tools fo...
Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 23:15
Constituent Structure - Part 15
... discussion of how this insight is retained in the minimalist non-X-bar-theoretic Bare Phrase Structure system. 120 phrase structure grammars and x-bar (60) (a) XP ! (YP) X’ or XP ! X’ (YP) (b) X’ ! X’ ... and Crain (1990). 7. 2.6 Summary In this section, we have surveyed some of the motivations for X-bar theory as well as one particular formulation of the X-bar schema itself. Phrase str...
Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 23:15