Mobilizing domestic resources for development - Chapter III

... used for hedging purposes, forwards foreign-exchange contracts have increasingly been used for cur- rency speculation. For example, in the early 2000s speculators used forwards as the main tool for ... 21.2 Cross-border 282.2 29.0 130.3 -1 1.6 Latin America Domestic banks 563.7 17.3 484.8 -2 .7 Local subsidiaries of foreign banks 58.5 28.6 241.7 31.2 Cross-border 199.9 6.2 166...

Ngày tải lên: 17/10/2013, 15:15

... dollars -5 0 5 10 15 20 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Low-income IBRD-IDA Middle-income IBRD-IDA Total with regional development banks Multilateral develop- ment banks can act as a catalyst for private finance for development The services ......

Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2013, 03:15

... original threshold for NPV of debt to exports at 100 per cent for a weak policy performer, but lowers the ratio to 150 per cent for medium perform- ers and to 200 per cent for strong performers. This ... entries for sub-item enti- tled “Strong policy” under first subheading entitled “Original proposal”). In response to a request for lower threshold ratios, particularly for stron...

Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2013, 03:15

... 2005 166 Figure VI.1. United States current-account deficit, 197 0-2 004 Collective deviation GDP (left axis) Dollar index (right axis) -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 ... rather than be confined to occasional lending to middle-income countries hit by financial crises and bal- ance-of-payments financing for low-income countries, the Fund shou...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 01:15

... -0 .2 198 1-1 990 3.7 1.0 0.4 2.2 199 1-2 000 2.8 1.2 0.4 1.2 196 1-2 000 2.3 1.0 0.3 1.0 Africa (19) 196 1-1 970 2.8 0.7 0.2 1.9 197 1-1 980 1.0 1.3 0.1 -0 .3 198 1-1 990 -1 .1 -0 .1 0.4 -1 .4 199 1-2 000 -0 .2 -0 .1 ... -1 .4 199 1-2 000 -0 .2 -0 .1 0.4 -0 .5 196 1-2 000 0.6 0.5 0.3 -0 .1 Latin America (22) 196 1-1 970 2.8 0.8 0.3 1.6...

Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2014, 23:20

... 16.1 -0 .5 Middle- and low-income Asia 7.5 -0 .3 Central and Eastern Europe 1.7 0.0 Mediterranean 15.0 -0 .6 South America 2.0 -0 .2 Sub-Saharan Africa 2.7 -0 .1 Others -0 .5 -0 .2 Laird, Cenart ... contained specific proposals for short- and medium-term actions in the interna- tional community that would improve the development prospects of commodity-depend- e...

Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2014, 23:20

... lexica for each language in the system. We require an automatic procedure for achieving this, and concentrate here on tech- niques for the creation of a Chinese lexicon. 2 English-Chinese ... of both languages using a roman alphabet and lan- guages using other alphabets, the development of lexical resources must include mechanisms for handling words which do not have standa...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 06:20

... resources within IE system has been limited for two main reasons. First the in- formation associated to each term is often not de- tailed enough for describing the relations neces- sary for ... profitably ap- plied. It also provides a criterion for building lex- ical resources for specific domains. It can be ap- plied in a semiautomatic way. It has the advan- tage of usi...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 21:20

... lượng thừa này có thể là :- Các bản tin mạng được chuyển đổi bởi các thiết bị mạng hữu tuyến (ví dụ các server) nhưng các bản tin lại không liên quan tới các đầu cuối vô tuyến .- Các bản tin quảng bá/multicast ... động của bộ thu chủ định nhưng không nằm trong vùng hoạt động của bộ phát.Nút BNút CNút AHình 3.1 - Vấn đề nút ẩn trong mạng WLAN độc lậpVí dụ trong Hình 3.1 các nút A và...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2012, 15:42

... facilities information makes it possible for planners in the owner's organization to obtain overview information for long range space forecasts, while the line managers can use as-built information ... enlightened approaches for mitigating conflicts, such as using owner-controlled wrap-up insurance which will provide protection for all parties involved in the construction proc...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 08:15