KINH TẾ VI MÔ 2015 chapter 4 microeconomics producers choice

... production cost as: P  12  0.4Q Profits are maximized where R(q) – C(q) is maximized TC  0.6Q  4Q  R(q ) B a b q0 q* c Output  (q)  max   '   MR  MC 37 Quiz Kurt Vile produces and distributes ... Which Costs Matter? Accountants tend to take a retrospective view of firms costs, where as economists tend to take a forward-looking view  Accounting Cost = AC   ◦ EC = AC +OC ◦ Actual expenses ... ΔVC ΔTC  Δq Δq 25 Quiz: fill in blanks Q AFC VC ATC Graph MC 30 50 C TC 10 VC 20 40 TC = FC + VC TC 100 10 26 11 42 0 390 C* FC Q 16 Graph: Average Cost Marginal Cost - MC C ◦ Average Fixed Cost:...

... long-run 15 0 $3000 Expansion Path $200 10 0 C 75 ◦ Slope equals K/L B 50 300 Units A 25 200 Units 2 0 15 , FTU Kieu Minh 23 2 0 15 , FTU Kieu Minh 50 10 0 15 0 200 300 Labor per year 24 12 / 21 /2 0 15 A Firm’s ... cost, the equation shows another isocost line A K1 K3 C0 L2 2 0 15 , FTU Kieu Minh 15 2 0 15 , FTU Kieu Minh L1 C1 L3 C2 Labor per year 16 12 / 21 /2 0 15 Producing a Given Output at Minimum Cost Choosing ... MRTS decreases as move down the indifference curve 1 Q3 =90 2/3 1/ 3 Q2 = 75 Q1 =55 2 0 15 , FTU Kieu Minh 2 0 15 , FTU Kieu Minh Labor per month 12 / 21 /2 0 15 MRTS and Isoquants Isoquants: Special Cases Diminishing...

... Peak-Load Pricing Peak-Load Pricing  Quantity Q2 55 D1 = AR1 P2 MR1 D2 = AR2 MR2 Q2 56 ©Kieu Minh, FTU, 2 014 57 Q1 Quantity ©Kieu Minh, FTU, 2 014 14 20 15 / 12 / 21 Competition versus monopoly: A summary ... Minh, FTU, 2 014 Don’t confess Confess 69 -5, -5 -1, -10 Would you choose to confess? -10 , -1 -2, -2 ©Kieu Minh, FTU, 2 014 17 20 15 / 12 / 21 Oligopolistic Markets Cartels In some oligopoly markets, pricing ... in a market of 1, 000 firms, the quantity of output supplied to the market is 1, 000 times the 19 supplied by each firm ©Kieu Minh, FTU, 2 014 quantity 20 ©Kieu Minh, FTU, 2 014 20 15 / 12 / 21 5. 1. 3 Producer...

... Growth rate of productivity Growth rate of real wages 19 59 -20 06 2 .1% 2.0% 19 59 -19 73 19 73 -19 95 19 95- 20 06 2.8 1. 4 2 .6 2.8 1. 2 2 .5 Growth in productivity is measured here as the annualized rate of change ... product of other factor 12 / 21 /2 0 15 The Supply of Labor The Individual Supply of Labor   The trade-off between work and leisure Labor- supply curve   backward bending supply of labor curve Reflects ... Productivity and wages A shift in labor demand 16 Wage (price of labor) Supply  An increase in labor demand W2  W1 increases the wage  D2  Demand, D1  Quantity of labor L1 L2 ...

... goods  Government - can remedy the problem     If total benefits of a public good > its costs Provide the public good Pay for it with tax revenue Make everyone better off 12 / 21 /2 0 15 17 Public ... person’s use diminishes other people’s use 12 / 21 /2 0 15 14 Four types of goods The Different Kinds of Goods Rival in consumption? Yes Yes Excludable? No No Private goods Natural monopolies - Ice-cream ... Public Goods 18 Public Goods • Some important public goods ▫ National defense • The difficult job of cost–benefit analysis ▫ Government  Very expensive public good  Decide what public goods...

... mức sản xuất – Isoquants): ∀→ tập hợp phối hợp khác yếu tố sản xuất tạo mức sản lượng 6 20 25 30 36 42 50 19 23 27 33 37 41 18 21 25 30 32 34 16 20 23 25 27 28 10 15 20 21 23 25 10 14 16 18 K ... sản xuất Q = 10 0 KL Hãy xác định tổng chi phí sản xuất nhỏ để sản xuất 10 .000 sản phẩm với giá th lao động PL = 30.000, giá th vốn PK = 12 0.000 K = 5, L = 20 TCmin = 1. 200.000 LÝ THUYẾT CHI PHÍ: ... PHÍ: 2 .1.   Chi phí ngắn hạn : 2 .1. 1.  Các tiêu tổng phí: * Chi phí cố đònh (Fixed Cost – FC): → loại chi phí không phụ thuộc vào sản lượng * Chi phí biến đổi (Variable Cost – VC): → loại chi phí...