Integrated platinum carbon nanotube based electrocatalyst for high efficiency proton exchange membrane fuel cells 3
Integrated platinum carbon nanotube based electrocatalyst for high efficiency proton exchange membrane fuel cells 3
... (6vol%) and silane (1vol%) solution containing 0 .3 M Ni(NO3)2 and 0 .3 M Co(NO3)2 for h During the CNT growth, the carbon paper was heated at 600 °C for at 35 0 sccm Ar and 1.5 sccm H2 flow to obtain ... well as the carbon graphitization (see Fig 3. 2 (a)) On the other hand, at a high growth temperature of 800 °C, thermal pyrolysis of C2H4 would take place to form amorphous ca...
Integrated platinum carbon nanotube based electrocatalyst for high efficiency proton exchange membrane fuel cells 1
... Suitable for all sizes of power stations, kW to multi-MW Table 1. 1 Main types of fuel cells and their characteristics and applications 1. 3 Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) Proton Exchange ... 1- 1 to 1- 3 [2]: Anode: H2 2H+ + 2e- Cathode: 2H+ + 2e- + 1/ 2O2 Overall: H2 + 1/ 2O2 (1- 1) H2O H2O + electricity + heat (1- 2) (1- 3) According to Eq 1- 3, t...
Integrated platinum carbon nanotube based electrocatalyst for high efficiency proton exchange membrane fuel cells 2
... most accurate and realistic information of the Pt/CNT -based electrocatalyst as a potential substitute for conventional Pt/VXC72Rbased electrocatalysts used for high- efficiency PEMFC applications ... VCXC72R Carbon paper TGPH090 Toray Carbon black (CB) VCXC72R Cabot Commercial Pt catalyst 40wt% Pt/VCXC72R Johnson Matthey Commercial Pt catalyst 20 wt% Pt/VCXC72R E-TEK Nafion m...
Integrated platinum carbon nanotube based electrocatalyst for high efficiency proton exchange membrane fuel cells 4
... studies [13-17] 20000 4f7/2, 71.1 eV 4f5/2, 74. 4 eV 16000 CPS 12000 8000 40 00 84 82 80 78 76 74 72 70 68 66 64 Binding energy / eV Fig 4. 4 XPS spectrum of Pt nanoparticles on CNT /carbon paper by sputter-deposition ... sccm C2H4) 0.8 Pt/CNT -based cathode (15 sccm C2H4) Cell potential / V Pt/CNT -based cathode (20 sccm C2H4) Pt/CNT -based cathode (25 sccm C2H4) 0.6 -2 Pt loading:...
Integrated platinum carbon nanotube based electrocatalyst for high efficiency proton exchange membrane fuel cells 5
... The longterm stability information of Pt/CNT -based electrocatalysts from a fuel cell under real operating conditions would be very useful for the full evaluation of these electrocatalysts in terms ... wt% Pt/VXC72Rbased electrodes at 1 .5 V vs DHE 141 120 (a) Before potentiostatic oxidation After 30min oxidation at 1.5V After 60min oxidation at 1.5V After 90min oxidation at 1.5V A...
Integrated platinum carbon nanotube based electrocatalyst for high efficiency proton exchange membrane fuel cells 6
... cm-1 This technique is thus more suitable for fabricating low Pt loading electrode with high Pt utilization for PEMFC applications 6. 2 Recommendations for Future Research The in situ grown CNT ... tests were performed in a single cell test system When compared with two commercial Pt/VXC72R -based electrodes, the Pt/CNT -based electrode showed a notable improvement in polarization...
Development of reduced models for proton exchange membrane fuel cells
... now 1.2 Types of Fuel Cells There are six types of fuel cells that are currently in commercial use, di¤erentiated according to the type of electrolyte: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), ... Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC), Alkaline Fuel Cell (AFC), 1.2 Types of Fuel Cells Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (PAFC), Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC), Solid Oxide...
Development a new equation of polarization curve for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell at different channel geometry
... reaction at the surface of catalyst layers ● A new correlation for predicting the polarization curve of a PEM fuel cell according to cell temperature and the parameter of cross-section channel geometry ... (7) that in this equation current density is in A/ cm2, temperatures are in ºC and Z=1 for elliptical channel and Z=2 for triangular channel and Z=3...
Báo cáo hóa học: " Record Endurance for Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube–Based Memory Cell" pot
... reported for SWCNT memory is 1.8 104 cycles [22] before device failure Our devices showed remarkable endurance beyond 105 cycles in air, which can be considered as a breakthrough for CNT memory ... Fig a Endurance tests performed on the same SWCNT memory device as in Fig 2, at 290 K in air Switching with ± 20 V and 0.25 s pulses, reading at VGS = V b Endurance test of another...
Báo cáo hóa học: " Functionalized halloysite nanotube-based carrier for intracellular delivery of antisense oligonucleotides" pdf
... doi:10.1186/1556-276X-6-608 Cite this article as: Shi et al.: Functionalized halloysite nanotube-based carrier for intracellular delivery of antisense oligonucleotides Nanoscale Research Letters 2011 6:608 ... http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/6/1/608 showed the cellular delivery efficiency of f-HNTASODNs estimated to be 98.69%, indicating that the fHNTs had high...
Báo cáo hóa học: " Frequency Shift of Carbon-Nanotube-Based Mass Sensor Using Nonlocal Elasticity Theory" ppt
... location of attached mass can influence on the changes in frequency of the mass sensor Figure illustrates the effect of location of attached mass, c/L, on the frequency shift of the cantilever mass sensor ... effect of the location of attached mass on the frequency shift of the mass sensor is significant Increasing the value of c/L increases the fre...
Báo cáo y học: "ISsaga is an ensemble of web-based methods for high throughput identification and semiautomatic annotation of insertion sequences in prokaryotic genomes" pdf
... fundamentally to such studies in two ways: firstly by enriching the ISfinder database by high throughput annotation of completely assembled and scaffold-based genomes; and secondly by direct analysis of ... and e-value 1e-5) analysis, which yields an IS prediction and generates a webbased annotation table If no ORFs are found, BLASTN is performed against the ISfind...
Investigations of carbon nanotube based electronic devices with focus on metal and carbon nanotube contacts
... Atomic structure of carbon nanotube and metal contacts 1.2.1.1 Carbon nanotube and metal contact with side-contact structure 1.2.1.2 Carbon nanotube and metal contact with end-contact structure ... INVESTIGATIONS OF CARBON NANOTUBE BASED ELECTRONIC DEVICES WITH FOCUS ON METAL AND CARBON NANOTUBE CONTACTS HUANG LEIHUA (B Sci (Hons.)...
Fabrication, characterization and analysis of carbon nanotube based nanoelectromechanical system
... INTRODUCTION 2.2 MICRO- AND NANOELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS 2.3 CARBON NANOTUBES (CNTS) 2.3.1 CARBON NANOTUBE STRUCTURE 2.3.2 SYNTHESIS 13 2.3.2.1 ARC DISCHARGE 13 III Table of Contents 2.3.2.2 LASER ... SUMMARY 56 CHAPTER FABRICATION, DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CARBON NANOTUBE RESONATOR 59 4.1 INTRODUCTION 59 4.2 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP AND DEVICE FABRICATION 60 4.2...
Cr-free Fe based catalysts for high-temperature water-gas shift reactions
... the reformed Table R factors adopted in various studies Catalyst R factor (S/C ratioa ) Reference Ni Cu/Mo /Fe Cr /Fe Cu/Th /Fe Cr /Fe Cu/Al /Fe Cu/Al /Fe Cu/Al /Fe Cu/Al /Fe Ni/Al /Fe V /Fe Cu/Al /Fe 0.65 ... performance of a WGS catalyst would change if applied under different R factors Fe/ Cr -based HTS catalysts 2.1 General background for Fe/ Cr -based HTS catalysts I...
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