... 9/26/2006 10:41:26 AM 32 Business Strategies for the Next-Generation Network broadband network and then the IP access network through to the UNC Here, the IP packets are terminated, the UMA protocol ... dissimilar to that of the fixed network Figure 2.5 shows the case for GSM networks Seel_AU8035_C002.indd 27 9/26/2006 10:41:25 AM 28 Business Strategies for the Next-Generation Network Network SubSystem ... Unfortunately, such code was proprietary to the switch vendors: the carriers paid handsomely to buy it, and were then locked-in for their pains The solution was for the carriers to get together...