... 11:1150COMMON - LAW REASONING reasoning, empirical reasoning, and, in the case of the rule model, deduc-tion from authoritative rules. In our view, these are all the tools that judgesneed, and all the tools ... KNP Top Margin: 0.50186in Gutter Margin: 0.94101inc02 cuus142 ISBN: 978 0 521 70395 6 March 23, 2008 11:11CHAPTERII Ordinary Reason Applied to Law Natural Reasoning and Deduction from Rules In ... common -law decisionmaking, we believe that there are no other intelligible ways to reason from precedent.I. The Natural Model of Common -Law Reasoning The most obvious tools for courts to use...