computer organization and architecture phần 1 pptx

... William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture 6th Edition Chapter Introduction Architecture & Organization • Architecture is those attributes visible to the  ... sites to look for • WWW Computer Architecture Home Page • CPU Info Center • ACM Special Interest Group on Computer  Architecture • IEEE Technical Committee on Computer  Architecture • Intel Technology Journal ... Registers...

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 05:21

... A hardware segment accepts the code and  issues the control signals • We have a computer! Components • The Control Unit and the Arithmetic and Logic  Unit constitute the Central Processing Unit • Data and instructions need to get into the  ... William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture 6th Edition Chapter System Buses Program Concept • Hardwired systems are inflexible ... Data a...

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 05:16

... InfiniBand • I/O specification aimed at high end servers —Merger of Future I/O (Cisco, HP, Compaq, IBM) and  Next Generation I/O (Intel) • Version 1 released early 2001 • Architecture and spec. for data flow between  ... Architecture and spec. for data flow between  processor and intelligent I/O devices • Intended to replace PCI in servers • Increased capacity, expandability, flexibility Infi...

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 05:05

... William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture 6th Edition Chapter Computer Evolution and Performance Charles Babbage (1791-1871) Construction of a machine called “Difference Engine.” ... Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer Eckert and Mauchly University of Pennsylvania Trajectory tables for weapons  Started 1943 Finished 1946 —Too late for war effort • Used until 1955 ENIAC...

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 04:56

... Advanced RISC Machine (ARM), 2,  46­50, 143­145, 293­298, 360­ 361, 381­384, 411­413, 424­426, 469­475, 544­552, 699­704 access control, 298 addressing mode, 411­413 ARM11 MPCore, 699­704 cache memory, 143­145 condition codes, 383­384 ... interconnection (PCI), 102­ 104 Arithmetic and logic unit  (ALU), 15, 18, 303, 305­347, 621­624, 674­676 addition, 314­317, 334­337 computer functions, 15, ...

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 04:24

... William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture 6th Edition Chapter 14 Instruction Level Parallelism and Superscalar Processors What is Superscalar? • ... —Resource conflicts —Output dependency —Antidependency True Data Dependency • ADD r1, r2 (r1 := r1+r2;) • MOVE r3,r1 (r3 := r1;) • Can fetch and decode second instruction in  parallel with first • Can NOT execute second instruction...

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 04:22

... William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture 6th Edition Chapter Operating System Support Objectives and Functions • Convenience —Making the computer easier to use • Efficiency ... May be a number of program and data  segments Advantages of Segmentation • Simplifies handling of growing data structures • Allows programs to be altered and recompiled  independently, without re­linkin...

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 04:16

... —This following instruction is the delay slot Normal and Delayed Branch Address 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 Normal LOAD X,A ADD 1,A JUMP 105 ADD A,B SUB C,B STORE A,Z Delayed LOAD X,A ADD 1,A JUMP 105 NOOP ADD A,B SUB C,B ... Dynamic  Occurrence Pascal C 45 38 15 12 29 43 ­ Machine Instruction (Weighted) Pascal C 13 13 42 32 31 33 11 21 ­ ­ Memory Reference (Weighted) Pascal C 14 15 33 26 44...

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 04:03

... William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture 6th Edition Chapter 18 Parallel Processing Multiple Processor Organization • • • • Single instruction, single data stream ­ SISD ... Repeated floating point calculations on large arrays of numbers Supercomputers handle these types of problem — Hundreds of millions of flops — $10­15 million — Optimised for calculation rather than multita...

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 03:38

... e.g. (numbers in hex to make it easy to read) • 12345678 can be stored in 4x8bit locations as  follows Byte Order (example) • • • • • Address 184 185 186 186 Value (1) 12 34 56 78 • i.e. read top down or bottom up? Value(2) 78 56 34 12 ... William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture 6th Edition Chapter 10 Instruction Sets: Characteristics and Functions What is an instruction set?...

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 02:23

... Organisation in detail • A 16Mbit chip can be organised as 1M of 16 bit  words • A bit per chip system has 16 lots of 1Mbit chip  with bit 1 of each word in chip 1 and so on • A 16Mbit chip can be organised as a 2048 x  ... Transistor arrangement gives stable logic state • State 1 —C1 high, C2 low —T1 T4 off, T2 T3 on • State 0 —C2 high, C1 low —T2 T3 off, T1 T4 on • Address line transistors ...

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 01:38

... —Two representations of zero (+0 and ­0) Two’s Compliment • • • • • • • +3 = 00000011 +2 = 00000010 +1 = 00000001 +0 = 00000000  ­1 = 11111111  ­2 = 11111110  ­3 = 11111101 Benefits • One representation of zero • Arithmetic works easily (see later) ... Bitwise not       11111111 Add 1 to LSB              +1 Result           1 00000000 Overflow is ignored, so: ­ 0 = 0  Negation Special Case •...

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 00:07

... Set  13 bit • Use set field to determine cache set to look in • Compare tag field to see if we have a hit • e.g —Address —1FF 7FFC —001 7FFC 1FF 001 Word 2 bit Tag Data Set number 12345678 1FFF 11223344 ... 2 instructions to invalidate (flush) cache and write back then  invalidate Power PC Cache Organization • • • • • 601 – single 32kb 8 way set associative 603 – 16kb (2 x 8kb) two way set as...

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 00:03

... William Stallings Computer Organization and Architecture 6th Edition Chapter 15 IA-64 Architecture Background to IA-64 • Pentium 4 appears to be last in x86 line ... Organization Key Features • Large number of registers —IA­64 instruction format assumes 256 – 128 * 64 bit integer, logical & general purpose – 128 * 82 bit floating point and graphic —64 * 1 bit predicated execution registers (s...

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 00:03

... is on node 1—Node 2 directory requests node 1’s directory—Node 1 directory requests contents of 798—Node 1 memory puts data on (node 1 local) bus—Node 1 directory gets data from (node 1 local) ... large arrays of numbers•Supercomputers handle these types of problem—Hundreds of millions of flops—$10-15 million—Optimised for calculation rather than multitasking and I/O—Limited market–Research,...

Ngày tải lên: 30/11/2016, 22:13