Software Engineering A PRACTITIONER’S APPROACH phần 3 ppsx

... safety and hazard analysis [LEV95] are software quality assurance activ- ities (Chapter 8) that focus on the identification and assessment of potential hazards that may affect software negatively and ... be certain that you’ve assigned them work that is highly compartmentalized. CHAPTER 8 SOFTWARE QUALITY ASSURANCE ing diskettes is a trivial manufacturing operation, and we can guarante...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21

... Refinement 34 3 13. 4 .3 Modularity 34 3 13. 4.4 Software Architecture 34 6 13. 4.5 Control Hierarchy 34 7 13. 4.6 Structural Partitioning 34 8 13. 4.7 Data Structure 34 9 13. 4.8 Software Procedure 35 1 13. 4.9 ... 33 6 13. 2 The Design Process 33 8 13. 2.1 Design and Software Quality 33 8 13. 2.2 The Evolution of Software Design 33 9 13. 3 Design Principles 34...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21

... the change to all users. On average, programs that are maintainable will have a lower MTTC (for equivalent types of changes) than programs that are not maintainable. Hitachi [TAJ81] has used a cost-oriented ... being evaluated takes on values that are less than 0.0. 5. Compute a standard deviation as (UNPL Ϫ A m ) /3. Plot lines one and two standard deviations above and below A m ....

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21

... is actually a set of concurrent activities that address each of the system components separately: software engineering, hardware engineering, human engineering, and database engineering. Each ... at members.aol.com/ acockburn/papers/ OnUseCases.htm 1 23 456 789 * 0 off SAFEHOME away stay max test bypass instant code chime ready # armed power alarm check fire away stay instant bypass...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21

... abstract data types. For example, the Ada package is a programming language mechanism that provides support for both data and procedural abstraction. The original abstract data type is used as a ... detail contained with the databases, and many other factors make data mining dif- ficult within an existing database environment. An alternative solution, called a data warehouse, adds an add...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21

... is Boolean, one valid and one invalid class are defined. As an example, consider data maintained as part of an automated banking appli- cation. The user can access the bank using a personal computer, ... reason that boundary value analysis (BVA) has been developed as a testing technique. Bound- ary value analysis leads to a selection of test cases that exercise bounding values. Boundary...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21

... a value of m c = 0 .33 implies low coupling. Alternatively, if a module has five input and five output data parameters, an equal number of control parameters, accesses ten items of global data, ... processes approximately 220 data objects that each have an average of three attributes. There are 140 unique data base items and 90 dif- ferent database segments. Finally, 600 modules have sing...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21

... for each operation. Data structures that are appropriate for attributes and algo- rithms are represented. Classes and class attributes are designed in a manner that optimizes access to data and ... characteristics of the design that can be searched (e.g., via a database) so that an appropriate pattern can be found. Finally, guidance associated with the use of a design pattern provides a...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21

... are reassigned to applications that require additional memory. Mak- ing appropriate assumptions and using natural language, define a. The data invariant. b. The state. c. The operations that are ... is a pattern-based domain engineering approach that works under the assumption that every application domain has repeating patterns (of function, data, and behavior) that have reuse potentia...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21

... data structure or file format. Another form of redesign, called data name rationalization, ensures that all data naming conventions conform to local standards and that aliases are eliminated as ... current annual maintenance cost for an application. P 2 = current annual operation cost for an application. P 3 = current annual business value of an application. P 4 = predicted annual maintenanc...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21