... Francis Group, LLC352 Wildlife Science: Linking Ecological Theory and Management Applications Ludwig, D., R. Hilborn, and C. J. Walters. 199 3. Uncertainty, resource exploitation, and conservation: ... (NRC). 199 7. Wolves, Bears, and Their Prey in Alaska: Biological and SocialChallenges in Wildlife Management. National Academy Press.Naveh, Z., and A. Lieberman. 198 4. Landscape Ecology: Theory and ... cause -and- effectassociation between few predators and abundant prey, and led to the development of the conceptof carrying capacity (Leopold 193 3) and density dependence (Andrewartha and Birch 195 4),...