BIODIVERSITY IN AGROECOSYSTEMS - CHAPTER 8 docx

... agricultural sustainability and its measurement in small-scale farming in sub-Saharan Africa, Ecol. Econ., 11:105–125. © 1999 by CRC Press LLC. CHAPTER 8 Agroforestry for Biodiversity in Farming Systems Roger ... diversifying and intensifying agroecosystems in a way that is beneficial to the environment and can maintain and perhaps enhance biodiversity (Sanchez and Leakey, 19...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... al., 1 987 ). Breeding in western North America during the boreal summer, Swainson’s hawks migrate to the nonbreeding grounds in South America with the advancing austral summer, maintaining both ... was completely eliminated. Agricultural Practices in Coffee Agroecosystems Coffee (Coffea arabica) originated in Africa and was introduced to Latin Amer- ica in the early 18th century...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... for—debating, negotiating, planning, and implementing remedial actions (Chapter 5). Based on their approach in selecting indicators (Chapter 6), sustainable development, to them, implied stating ... rene the research-based suite of indicators (Chapter 6) as well as to analyze data obtained using indicators (Chapter 7). 8. 2 sustaInabIlIty Communities’ cognitive maps (Chapter 4) a...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... certainly wasn't keeping clients because of the profits we were making. I l@ve RuBoard E-Brokers The growth of the Internet threw a new star into the ring: the e-brokerage. These include companies ... the responsibility of doing the footwork, researching the stock and reading up on market trends—something many, many investors simply don't like doing. Should you have a problem or d...

Ngày tải lên: 01/07/2014, 21:20

... processes (Tilman, 1996), maintaining and increasing protozoan biodiversity will contribute to more sustainable agriculture. Ecofarming and organic fertilizer management enhance pro- tozoan activity. Protozoa ... modifying the environment in eliminating the vegetation over the soil. Insecticides and fungicides are more toxic, as shown in the study of Petz and Foissner (1990) on the effe...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... Elkins, N. Z., and Parker, L. W., 1 982 . The role of nematodes in decomposition in desert ecosystems, in Nematodes in Soil Ecosys- tems, D. W. Freckman, Ed., University of Texas, Austin, 98 115. Yeates, ... Orchesella cincta. The lethal concentration (LC 50 ) for atrazine was estimated at 224 µg/g atrazine in food. Mortality and molting frequency increased with increasing concentra...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... Morris and Weeb, 1 987 ; Basedow, 1 988 ; Holtz, 1 988 ; Klingauf, 1 988 ; Welling and Kokta, 1 988 ). Dover (1991) and Samways (1993) showed that 6-m-wide edges around cereal fields receiving reduced and ... beneficials. Today, high-yielding, high-quality, insect-, disease-, and weed-free monocultures require high-energy inputs to produce and harvest. With production costs escalating, interest...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... Nicholls CONTENTS Introduction The Nature and Function of Biodiversity in Agroecosystems Patterns of Insect Biodiversity in Agroecosystems Plant Biodiversity and Insect Stability in Agroecosystems Patterns ... FUNCTION OF BIODIVERSITY IN AGROECOSYSTEMS Biodiversity refers to all species of plants, animals, and microorganisms existing and interacting within an ecosyst...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... especially in the rain-fed mixed farming systems of the developing world that will provide an incentive for investment in long-term soil fertility improvements, such as the use of inorganic fertilizers ... that in well-balanced grazing systems, especially those using multispecies, plant biodiversity increases. An exten- sive review of grazing and production data of 236 sites worldwide...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... also increases in abundance following exces- sive livestock grazing in the spring (West and Young, 19 98) . Livestock grazing also reduces the chance of fires by removal of fine fuels in the interspaces ... surface coal mine in southwestern Wyoming, Vegetatio, 73:21–29. Haws, B. A., 1 987 . The status of IPM strategies for controlling grass bugs infesting introduced grassland monocultur...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20