wastewater purification aerobic granulation in sequencing batch reactors chapter 8 doc

... Growth kinetics of aerobic granules developed in sequencing batch reactors Lett Appl Microbiol 38: 106–112 © 20 08 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC © 20 08 by Taylor 147 53671_C0 08. indd & Francis Group, ... Characterization and evaluation of aerobic granules in a sequencing batch reactor J Biotechnol 105: 71 82 Laspidou, C S 2003 Modeling heterogeneous biofilms including active biomass, inert biomass and extracellular ... the mass diffusion in aerobic granule is not taken into account In order to clarify this point, the COD © 20 08 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC © 20 08 by Taylor 139 53671_C0 08. indd & Francis Group,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... 20 08 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC © 20 08 by Taylor 124 53671_C007.indd & Francis Group, LLC 10/29/07 7: 18: 31 AM Growth Kinetics of Aerobic Granules 125 occurs in filling, settling, and decanting ... of aerobic granules J Environ Eng 131: 86 –92 Yang, S F., Liu, Q S., Tay, J H., and Liu, Y 2004 Growth kinetics of aerobic granules developed in sequencing batch reactors Lett Appl Microbiol 38: ... oxygen transfer in an aerobic granule-based sequencing batch reactor Biochem Eng J 25: 201–207 Su, K Z and Yu, H Q 2006 A generalized model for aerobic granule-based sequencing batch reactor I...

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... 182 Wastewater Purification Individual bacterium Bridging Polymeric chain of EPS FIGURE 10.1 A schematic interpretation of extracellular polysaccharides in aerobic granulation Forster 1 985 ; ... fill in the intercellular spaces in the microcolonies present in aerobic granules (Jiang, Tay and Tay 2002; McSwain et al 2005) It is most likely that EPS plays an important role in maintaining ... obtained in aerobic granulation, showing that the specific gravity and mechanical strength of aerobic granules increased significantly with increase in the ratio of polysaccharides to proteins...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... pathway of aerobic granulation, as illustrated in figure 14.9 According to the interpretation by Li, Kuba, and Kusuda (2006), in the beginning, starvation plays an essential role in aerobic granulation, ... present in the © 20 08 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC © 20 08 by Taylor 244 53671_C014.indd & Francis Group, LLC 10/2/07 2: 18: 38 PM In uence of Starvation on Aerobic Granulation 245 200 180 SVI ... governing factor in aerobic granulation in the SBR As shown in chapter 9, cell surface hydrophobicity plays a crucial role in the formation of biofilm and biogranules In a thermodynamic sense, increased...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... polymeric substances on aerobic granulation in sequencing batch reactors Chemosphere 63: 17 28 1735 Wang, Z.-W 2007 Insights into mechanism of aerobic granulation in a sequencing batch reactor Ph.D ... of aerobic granules in sequencing batch reactors J Environ Sci (China) 18: 86 4 87 1 © 20 08 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC © 20 08 by Taylor 285 53671_C015.indd & Francis Group, LLC 10/29/07 7: 38: 27 ... Mosquera-Corral, A., Garrido, J M., and Mendez, R 2004 Aerobic granulation with industrial wastewater in sequencing batch reactors Water Res 38: 3 389 –3399 Ben-Jacob, E., Schochet, O., Tenenbaum, A.,...

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... explanation without intent to infringe Library of Congress Cataloging -in- Publication Data Wastewater purification : aerobic granulation in sequencing batch reactors / editor, Yu Liu p cm Includes bibliographical ... A., Garrido, J M., and Mendez, R 2004 Aerobic granulation with industrial wastewater in sequencing batch reactors Water Res 38: 3 389 –3399 Beeftink, H H 1 987 Anaerobic bacterial aggregates Ph.D thesis, ... Pressure Theory for Aerobic Granulation in Sequencing Batch Reactors 85 Yu Liu and Zhi-Wu Wang Chapter Growth Kinetics of Aerobic Granules 111 Qi-Shan Liu and Yu Liu Chapter Diffusion...

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... density of aerobic granular sludge increased linearly with shear force in a sequencing batch biofilter reactor, and a very high biomass density of 70 to 110 g VSS L –1 biomass was obtained in the ... developed in an attachedgrowth reactor Water Sci Technol 29: 281 – 288 Shin, H S., Lim, K H., and Park, H S 1992 Effect of shear stress on granulation in oxygen aerobic upflow sludge bed reactors ... Technological University, Singapore With permission.) 2.2 AEROBIC GRANULATION AT DIFFERENT SHEAR FORCES In a column-type sequencing batch reactor (SBR) commonly employed for cultivation of aerobic granules,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... Granulation at Different SBR Cycle Times 45 92 Integrity Coefficient (%) 90 88 86 84 82 80 12 Cycle Time (hours) FIGURE 3.11 Integrity coefficient of sludge cultivated in SBRs run at different cycle times ... cohesion and adhesion of cells and play a crucial role in building and further maintaining structure integrity in a community of immobilized cells (see chapter 10) Figure 3.14 displays the effect of ... successful aerobic granulation REFERENCES Alphenaar, P., Visser, A., and Lettinga, G 1993 The effect of liquid upward velocity and hydraulic retention time on granulation in UASB reactors treating wastewater...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... settling time on aerobic granulation in sequencing batch reactor Biochem Eng J 21: 47–52 Qin, L., Liu, Y., and Tay, J H 2004b Selection pressure is a driving force of aerobic granulation in sequencing ... 53671_C004.indd & Francis Group, LLC 10/29/07 7:14:42 AM Aerobic Granulation at Different Settling Times 63 aerobic granulation In fact, absence of anaerobic granulation in the UASB reactors was ... settling time is still needed in order to obtain more detailed information 4.10 RATIONALE BEHIND SETTLING TIME-INITIATED AEROBIC GRANULATION Figure 4.3 shows that aerobic granules are dominant...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... discussed in chapter REFERENCES Arrojo, B., Mosquera-Corral, A., Garrido, J M., and Mendez, R 2004 Aerobic granulation with industrial wastewater in sequencing batch reactors Water Res 38: 3 389 –3399 ... sludge formation in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors Biotechnol Bioeng 49: 229–246 Wang, Z.-W 2007 Insights into the mechanism of aerobic granulation in sequencing batch reactor Ph.D ... essential role in aerobic granulation, and a high SBR volume exchange ratio facilitates rapid and successful aerobic granulation in SBR As presented in the preceding chapters, aerobic granules...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... driving force of aerobic granulation in sequencing batch reactors Process Biochem 39: 579– 584 Qin, L., Liu, Y., and Tay, J H 2004b Effect of settling time on aerobic granulation in sequencing batch ... trigger of aerobic granulation in SBRs 6.4.4 FEEDING STRATEGY McSwain, Irvine, and Wilderer (2004) reported that intermittent feeding is an effective operating strategy for enhancing aerobic granulation ... determine aerobic granulation in an SBR To develop a unified theory for aerobic granulation in SBRs, the role of discharge time in aerobic granulation should be taken into account seriously 6.5 MAIN...

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... (Chesa, Irvine, and Manning 1 985 ; Bossier and Verstraete 1996) Through controlling feasting and fasting cycles by operating activated sludge systems in a plug flow or by feeding the sludge intermittently, ... 2004 Selection pressure is a driving force of aerobic granulation in sequencing batch reactors Process Biochem 39: 579– 584 Quarmby, J and Forster, C F 1995 An examination of the structure of UASB ... 53: 189 8–1901 © 20 08 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC © 20 08 by Taylor 179 53671_C009.indd & Francis Group, LLC 10/29/07 7: 28: 08 AM 180 Wastewater Purification van Oss, C J 1993 Acid-base interfacial...

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... basically biodegradable In view of the total amount of PS determined in the aerobic granule, it appears that the alpha- or beta-linked PS may not be the dominate constitution of EPS in aerobic granules ... microbial © 20 08 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC © 20 08 by Taylor 199 53671_C011.indd & Francis Group, LLC 10/29/07 7:33: 58 AM 200 Wastewater Purification FIGURE 11.7 Cell distribution in aerobic granules, ... they were within the reach of mass diffusion, while dead cells and anaerobes were mainly detected at the core of the aerobic granule, indicating an uneven microbial distribution in aerobic granules...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... shell of the aerobic granule (chapter 11) In fact, Toh et al (2003) investigated the viability of microflora residing inside aerobic granules using in situ DNA fluorescence staining, in which membrane ... diffusion limitation occurs in large-sized aerobic granules (see chapter 8) As discussed in chapter 8, the oxygen concentration would be the rate-limiting factor for the growth of aerobic granules at ... nonbiodegradable EPS in constructing and maintaining the spatial structure, integrity, and stability of aerobic granules Without doubt, the large fraction of biodegradable EPS in aerobic granules...

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... Calcium Accumulation in Acetate-Fed Aerobic Granules 8. 56 8. 55 pH 8. 54 8. 53 8. 52 8. 51 8. 50 2.9e-5 CO32–(M) 2.8e-5 RCaCO3 2.7e-5 2.6e-5 2.5e-5 2.4e-5 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 r(mm) FIGURE 13 .8 Simulated profiles ... indicate that aerobic granulation may not depend on calcium ion, that is, calcium ion is not essential for aerobic granulation in SBRs Mahoney et al (1 987 ) investigated anaerobic granulation in two ... very minor role in the microbial granulation process, and aerobic as well as anaerobic granulation is indeed calcium independent (Mahoney et al 1 987 ; Jiang et al 2003) This point is also supported...

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... growing organisms as a means for improving aerobic granular sludge stability Water Sci Technol 49: 9–17 Inizan, M., Freval, A., Cigana, J., and Meinhold, J 2005 Aerobic granulation in a sequencing ... stability of aerobic granules by selecting slow-growing nitrifying bacteria J Biotechnol 1 08: 161–169 Liu, Y Q and Tay, J H 2006 Variable aeration in sequencing batch reactor with aerobic granular ... applying different removal methods of sludge Enzyme Microb Technol 39: 976– 981 Liu, Q.-S 2003 Aerobic granulation in a sequencing batch reactor Ph.D thesis, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore...

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... discussed in chapter Consequently, the biomass concentration gradually increased over time and finally stabilized at 8. 0 g L–1 in both reactors These results seem to indicate that the seed granules in ... A 1997 Aerobic granular sludge in a sequencing batch reactor Water Res 31: 3191–3194 Tay, J H., Liu, Q.-S., and Liu, Y 2001 Microscopic observation of aerobic granulation in sequential aerobic ... and low influent COD of 400 mg L –1 This resulted in a granule surface loading rate of 8. 7 g COD m–2 d–1 at the beginning of the study, as shown in figure 17.7 The granule surface loading rate...

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... chlorination AS/chlorination 970 40 96 AS 240 88 AS (Lin et al., 2009) Tetracyclines Doxycycline Tetracycline Chlortetracycline up to 110 (Kolpin et al., 2002; Yang et al., 2005) (Lin et ... 45(10), 30 98- 3106 Conference presentations Fan, C., He, J., 20 08 Influences of erythromycin and erythromycin-H2O on aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) American Society for Microbiology’s 108th General ... as clinical medicine in treating infections Initially, the efficiency of antibiotics in killing pathogenic bacteria has led many to believe that antibiotics would be potent to eliminate all infectious...

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... clearcutting, wildfire, or drainage interruptions, will increase the concentrations of DOC in runoff (Carignan et al., 2000) Similarly, raising the level of lakes even slightly can cause increased DOC ... Schindler et al., 1996b; Figure 8. 6) A similar proportion of lake trout lakes have low DOC and are vulnerable to increasing UV if DOC decreases significantly (Figure 8. 3) Thermocline deepening ... acidification, DOC bleaching and removal in lakes increase as water and, hence, DOC residence times increase (Dillon and Molot, 1997; Schindler et al., 1997) Exacerbating the effects of acid rain and...

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