... 182 Wastewater Purification Individual bacterium Bridging Polymeric chain of EPS FIGURE 10.1 A schematic interpretation of extracellular polysaccharides inaerobicgranulation Forster 1 985 ; ... fill in the intercellular spaces in the microcolonies present inaerobic granules (Jiang, Tay and Tay 2002; McSwain et al 2005) It is most likely that EPS plays an important role in maintaining ... obtained inaerobic granulation, showing that the specific gravity and mechanical strength of aerobic granules increased significantly with increase in the ratio of polysaccharides to proteins...
... explanation without intent to infringe Library of Congress Cataloging -in- Publication Data Wastewaterpurification : aerobicgranulationinsequencingbatchreactors / editor, Yu Liu p cm Includes bibliographical ... A., Garrido, J M., and Mendez, R 2004 Aerobicgranulation with industrial wastewaterinsequencingbatchreactors Water Res 38: 3 389 –3399 Beeftink, H H 1 987 Anaerobic bacterial aggregates Ph.D thesis, ... Pressure Theory for AerobicGranulationinSequencingBatchReactors 85 Yu Liu and Zhi-Wu Wang Chapter Growth Kinetics of Aerobic Granules 111 Qi-Shan Liu and Yu Liu Chapter Diffusion...
... density of aerobic granular sludge increased linearly with shear force in a sequencingbatch biofilter reactor, and a very high biomass density of 70 to 110 g VSS L –1 biomass was obtained in the ... developed in an attachedgrowth reactor Water Sci Technol 29: 281 – 288 Shin, H S., Lim, K H., and Park, H S 1992 Effect of shear stress on granulationin oxygen aerobic upflow sludge bed reactors ... Technological University, Singapore With permission.) 2.2 AEROBICGRANULATION AT DIFFERENT SHEAR FORCES In a column-type sequencingbatch reactor (SBR) commonly employed for cultivation of aerobic granules,...
... Granulation at Different SBR Cycle Times 45 92 Integrity Coefficient (%) 90 88 86 84 82 80 12 Cycle Time (hours) FIGURE 3.11 Integrity coefficient of sludge cultivated in SBRs run at different cycle times ... cohesion and adhesion of cells and play a crucial role in building and further maintaining structure integrity in a community of immobilized cells (see chapter 10) Figure 3.14 displays the effect of ... successful aerobicgranulation REFERENCES Alphenaar, P., Visser, A., and Lettinga, G 1993 The effect of liquid upward velocity and hydraulic retention time on granulationin UASB reactors treating wastewater...
... settling time on aerobicgranulationinsequencingbatch reactor Biochem Eng J 21: 47–52 Qin, L., Liu, Y., and Tay, J H 2004b Selection pressure is a driving force of aerobicgranulationinsequencing ... 53671_C004.indd & Francis Group, LLC 10/29/07 7:14:42 AM AerobicGranulation at Different Settling Times 63 aerobicgranulationIn fact, absence of anaerobic granulationin the UASB reactors was ... settling time is still needed in order to obtain more detailed information 4.10 RATIONALE BEHIND SETTLING TIME-INITIATED AEROBICGRANULATION Figure 4.3 shows that aerobic granules are dominant...
... discussed inchapter REFERENCES Arrojo, B., Mosquera-Corral, A., Garrido, J M., and Mendez, R 2004 Aerobicgranulation with industrial wastewaterinsequencingbatchreactors Water Res 38: 3 389 –3399 ... sludge formation in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors Biotechnol Bioeng 49: 229–246 Wang, Z.-W 2007 Insights into the mechanism of aerobicgranulationinsequencingbatch reactor Ph.D ... essential role inaerobic granulation, and a high SBR volume exchange ratio facilitates rapid and successful aerobicgranulationin SBR As presented in the preceding chapters, aerobic granules...
... driving force of aerobicgranulationinsequencingbatchreactors Process Biochem 39: 579– 584 Qin, L., Liu, Y., and Tay, J H 2004b Effect of settling time on aerobicgranulationinsequencingbatch ... trigger of aerobicgranulationin SBRs 6.4.4 FEEDING STRATEGY McSwain, Irvine, and Wilderer (2004) reported that intermittent feeding is an effective operating strategy for enhancing aerobicgranulation ... determine aerobicgranulationin an SBR To develop a unified theory for aerobicgranulationin SBRs, the role of discharge time inaerobicgranulation should be taken into account seriously 6.5 MAIN...
... shell of the aerobic granule (chapter 11) In fact, Toh et al (2003) investigated the viability of microflora residing inside aerobic granules using in situ DNA fluorescence staining, in which membrane ... diffusion limitation occurs in large-sized aerobic granules (see chapter 8) As discussed inchapter 8, the oxygen concentration would be the rate-limiting factor for the growth of aerobic granules at ... nonbiodegradable EPS in constructing and maintaining the spatial structure, integrity, and stability of aerobic granules Without doubt, the large fraction of biodegradable EPS inaerobic granules...
... Calcium Accumulation in Acetate-Fed Aerobic Granules 8. 56 8. 55 pH 8. 54 8. 53 8. 52 8. 51 8. 50 2.9e-5 CO32–(M) 2.8e-5 RCaCO3 2.7e-5 2.6e-5 2.5e-5 2.4e-5 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 r(mm) FIGURE 13 .8 Simulated profiles ... indicate that aerobicgranulation may not depend on calcium ion, that is, calcium ion is not essential for aerobicgranulationin SBRs Mahoney et al (1 987 ) investigated anaerobic granulationin two ... very minor role in the microbial granulation process, and aerobic as well as anaerobic granulation is indeed calcium independent (Mahoney et al 1 987 ; Jiang et al 2003) This point is also supported...
... growing organisms as a means for improving aerobic granular sludge stability Water Sci Technol 49: 9–17 Inizan, M., Freval, A., Cigana, J., and Meinhold, J 2005 Aerobicgranulationin a sequencing ... stability of aerobic granules by selecting slow-growing nitrifying bacteria J Biotechnol 1 08: 161–169 Liu, Y Q and Tay, J H 2006 Variable aeration insequencingbatch reactor with aerobic granular ... applying different removal methods of sludge Enzyme Microb Technol 39: 976– 981 Liu, Q.-S 2003 Aerobicgranulationin a sequencingbatch reactor Ph.D thesis, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore...
... discussed inchapter Consequently, the biomass concentration gradually increased over time and finally stabilized at 8. 0 g L–1 in both reactors These results seem to indicate that the seed granules in ... A 1997 Aerobic granular sludge in a sequencingbatch reactor Water Res 31: 3191–3194 Tay, J H., Liu, Q.-S., and Liu, Y 2001 Microscopic observation of aerobicgranulationin sequential aerobic ... and low influent COD of 400 mg L –1 This resulted in a granule surface loading rate of 8. 7 g COD m–2 d–1 at the beginning of the study, as shown in figure 17.7 The granule surface loading rate...
... chlorination AS/chlorination 970 40 96 AS 240 88 AS (Lin et al., 2009) Tetracyclines Doxycycline Tetracycline Chlortetracycline up to 110 (Kolpin et al., 2002; Yang et al., 2005) (Lin et ... 45(10), 30 98- 3106 Conference presentations Fan, C., He, J., 20 08 Influences of erythromycin and erythromycin-H2O on aerobicsequencingbatch reactor (SBR) American Society for Microbiology’s 108th General ... as clinical medicine in treating infections Initially, the efficiency of antibiotics in killing pathogenic bacteria has led many to believe that antibiotics would be potent to eliminate all infectious...
... clearcutting, wildfire, or drainage interruptions, will increase the concentrations of DOCin runoff (Carignan et al., 2000) Similarly, raising the level of lakes even slightly can cause increased DOC ... Schindler et al., 1996b; Figure 8. 6) A similar proportion of lake trout lakes have low DOC and are vulnerable to increasing UV if DOC decreases significantly (Figure 8. 3) Thermocline deepening ... acidification, DOC bleaching and removal in lakes increase as water and, hence, DOC residence times increase (Dillon and Molot, 1997; Schindler et al., 1997) Exacerbating the effects of acid rain and...