... terms of number of individuals, biomass,
and energy equivalence, of the quantity of herbivorous ani-
mals present or produced over a period of time, the ener-
getic cost of producing and maintaining ... Francis Group, LLC
ECOLOGY OF PRIMARY TERRESTRIAL CONSUMERS 259
material and energy that are channeled through primary
consumers, as compared with autotrophic p...
... Faith, W.L. and A.A. Atkisson, Air Pollution, 2nd Ed., Wiley-Interscience,
New York, 1972.
Ferrand, E.F., Effects of Air Pollutants, The Encyclopedia of Environmental
Science and Engineering, ... Blue Men, Little, Brown and Co., New York, 1953.
Salvato, J., Environmental Health, The Encyclopedia of Environmental Sci-
ence and Engineering, 4th Ed., Gordon and...
... that many of the tanks boil, making the provi-
sion of elaborate off-gas cleaning systems necessary. Some
high level waste tanks have ruptured, but since they are
constructed on a cup -and- saucer ... conducted at all, and to
demand a certain level of confinement or restriction of wastes
implies an acceptance of the cost of the waste management
system as a necessary part o...
... use of tidal areas and marshes is prohibited. Dry pits,
abandoned quarries and certain types of canyons of depres-
sions are often satisfactory landfill sites.
The size of landfills is often ... disposal of solids. Prior to that it was
“out -of- sight, out -of- mind.” With ever growing amounts of
solid waste as detailed in the discussion on sources, and con-
cerns about...
... terms of the percentage by volume of com-
bustible gas present in a mixture of the gas and air. Table 1
below lists these limits for some of the more common gases
and vapors for conditions of ... significant devel-
opments and applications of complex theories and experi-
ments. Some aspects were reaction kinetics under runaway
conditions and multiphase critical flashin...
... the microfoun-
dations of world environmental improvement. In addi-
tion, a present firm is not a sole “policy taker” any more.
To overcome the low efficiency of command -and- control
environmental ... systematic picture of the flow
of goods and services among all producing and consum-
ing sectors of an economy. IOA also registers the flow of
goods and services into a...
... purposes of comparison) the upper and lower ends of this
range are defined by survival of 50% of a sample of individu-
als similar in size, health and other factors, for a specified
length of time, ... FISH ECOLOGY 1151
24. Parker, F.L. and P.A. Krenkel, 1969b, Thermal pollution: Status of the
art, Dept. of Envir. and Water Res. Eng., Vanderbilt Univ. Rept. No. 3...
... (schematic) as function of time of day, over
city and country.
50
40
30
20
0 5 10 15 20
Time of day
100-T, (%)
FIGURE 7 Concentrations of air pollution (100-T%), as function of time of day, on clear ... The first term on the right-hand side represents the rate of
formation of particles of volume v due to coagulation, and
the second term that rate of loss of partic...
... R.A. (1872), Air and Rain: The Beginnings of a Chemical Climatol-
ogy. Longmans, Green, and Co., London, England.
Stensland, G.J. and R.G. Semonin (1982), Another interpretation of
the pH trend ... acidification and that the acid rain is pri-
marily the result of long-range transport of pollutants from
the heavily industrialized areas of northern Europe.
The rain and...
... The first term on the right-hand side represents the rate of
formation of particles of volume v due to coagulation, and
the second term that rate of loss of particles of volume v by
coagulation ... light-scattering properties of an individual particle are a
function of its size, shape and refractive index. The intensity of
scattered light is a function of the scat...