Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 4 docx

... over the liver increases the venous return and the jugular venous pres- sure rises due to the inability of the failing right heart to handle the increased blood flow. The hepato-jugular reflux is of ... mucus-containing fluid. Genetic defects in transporters The discovery of mutations in some of the trans- porters described above has added to the understand- ing...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 15:20

... 376 clinical picture 44 4 diagnosis 44 4–5 emphysema in 44 4 hepatic transplantation 661 liver histology 44 4, 44 5 pathogenesis 44 3 4, 44 3 PiNull-Null 44 3 PiZZ 44 3, 44 4 treatment 44 5 antiviral therapy hepatitis ... children 43 2 and cirrhosis 3 74 clinical features 43 2 and gallstones 602, 623 genetic haemochromatosis 40 7, 43 2 hepatic histology 43 1–2, 43 1 a...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 15:20

... thyroid, 44 7 Thyrotoxicosis, 44 7 Myxoedema, 44 7 Changes with hepato-cellular disease, 44 7 Liver and adrenal, 44 8 Liver and growth homone, 44 8 Hepatic porphyrias, 44 8 Acute intermittent porphyria, 44 9 Hereditary ... adenoma of the ampulla of Vater, 644 Cystic tumours of the pancreas, 644 Endocrine tumours of the pancreas, 644 Chronic pancreatitis, 644...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 15:20

... of the ribs. Palmar erythema (liver palms) The hands are warm and the palms bright red in colour, especially the hypothenar and thenar eminences and pulps of the fingers (fig. 6.12). Islets of ... in bone marrow and in reticulo-endothelial cells of the liver. The cells contain deposits of phosphosphingolipid and glucosphingolipid. Clinically the liver an...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 15:20

... varicosities in the submucous layer of the lower end of the oesophagus and fundus of the stomach. (b) At the anus, the superior haemorrhoidal vein of the portal system anastomoses with the middle and inferior ... vein in the porta hepatis beyond the block. They include the veins at the hilum, venae comitantes of the portal vein and hepatic arteries,...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 15:20

... DNAand the host DNApolymerase transcribes for the virus. L (-) S(+) DR1 DR2 pre-S1 pre-S2 ORF-S ORF-P DNA polymerase pre-C HBcAg HBeAg ORF-C ORF-X HBsAg Fig. 17 .4. Organization of the genome of ... T-cell responses may be a strategy. T-cell epitopes within the core and NS3 and NS4 domains are immuno- dominant and conserved. They may be ideal compo- nents of preventativ...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 15:20

... TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 and produce TIMP-1 and MT1-MMP [41 ]. Kupffer cells secrete type IV collagenase (MMP-9). The net result of the changes during hepatic injury is increased degrada- tion of the ... to the severity of the liver disease [72]. The extent of the nutritional defect depends on the type of alcoholic, whether of low socio- economic status where prot...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 15:20

... enter the intra-hepatic portal system, where they grow rapidly. The extent and severity of chronic liver disease corre- lates with the intensity and duration of egg production and hence with the ... of the intercostal spaces. The liver shadow may be enlarged with a raised immobile right diaphragm. The abscess commonly causes a bulge in the antero-medial part...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 15:20

... failure with a standard catheter. The intra-hepatic biliary tree, cystic and common bile ducts and gallbladder are filled (fig. 32.11). Changes in the position of the patient and tilting of the screening table ... exaggerated form of Phrygian cap, presumably of the serosal type. The constancy of position of the fundus during contraction and the small size...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 15:20