Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System - part 2 pot

... of the ribs. Palmar erythema (liver palms) The hands are warm and the palms bright red in colour, especially the hypothenar and thenar eminences and pulps of the fingers (fig. 6. 12) . Islets of ... in bone marrow and in reticulo-endothelial cells of the liver. The cells contain deposits of phosphosphingolipid and glucosphingolipid. Clinically the liver...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 15:20

... type, 21 7 The group of familial non-haemolytic hyperbilirubinaemias, 21 7 13 Cholestasis, 21 9 Anatomy of the biliary system, 21 9 Secretion of bile, 22 0 Cellular mechanisms, 22 1 Syndrome of cholestasis, ... cholestasis, 22 3 Definition, 22 3 Classification, 22 3 Pathogenesis, 22 4 Pathology, 22 4 Clinical features, 22 6 Diagnostic approach, 23 1 Diagnostic possib...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 15:20

... the intercostal, diaphragmo-oesophageal and azygos minor veins of the caval system. Deviation of blood into these chan- nels leads to varicosities in the submucous layer of the lower end of the ... oesophagus and fundus of the stomach. (b) At the anus, the superior haemorrhoidal vein of the portal system anastomoses with the middle and inferior haemorr...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 15:20

... DNAand the host DNApolymerase transcribes for the virus. L (-) S(+) DR1 DR2 pre-S1 pre-S2 ORF-S ORF-P DNA polymerase pre-C HBcAg HBeAg ORF-C ORF-X HBsAg Fig. 17.4. Organization of the genome of ... nucleus and the surface particles in the cytoplasm. The core contains a DNA polymerase. DNA structure is double- stranded and circular with a single-stranded gap of 600 21...

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... over the liver increases the venous return and the jugular venous pres- sure rises due to the inability of the failing right heart to handle the increased blood flow. The hepato-jugular reflux is of ... characterization of these and other biochemical defects. The liver, macroscopically, is greenish-black (black- liver jaundice) (fig. 12. 12) . In sections the li...

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... TIMP-1 and TIMP -2 and produce TIMP-1 and MT1-MMP [41]. Kupffer cells secrete type IV collagenase (MMP-9). The net result of the changes during hepatic injury is increased degrada- tion of the ... to the severity of the liver disease [ 72] . The extent of the nutritional defect depends on the type of alcoholic, whether of low socio- economic status where p...

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... direct effect on the liver. Many diseases, however, affect the immun- odeficient and provide a confusing picture [23 , 31]. All parts of the hepato -biliary system can show changes and may be involved ... reaching the mesenteric capillaries enter the intra-hepatic portal system, where they grow rapidly. The extent and severity of chronic liver disease corre- late...

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... ursodeoxycholic acid alone [ 122 ] and avoids the side-effects of the higher dose of chenodeoxy- cholic acid. Gallstones and Inflammatory Gallbladder Diseases 607 choice [22 , 28 ]. Biliary tract continuity ... failure with a standard catheter. The intra-hepatic biliary tree, cystic and common bile ducts and gallbladder are filled (fig. 32. 11). Changes in the position...

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... 22 6–31 copper metabolism 22 9–30 fatigue 22 6 hepatic osteodystrophy 22 7, 22 8, 22 9 hepato-cellular failure 23 0 pruritus 22 6 splenomegaly 22 6 steatorrhoea 22 6 xanthomas 22 7 copper in 418 cytosine ... 614–15 and cholangitis 26 2 and cytomegalovirus 28 1 hepatic granuloma in 488, 489, 521 hepato -biliary disease 84, 520 –5, 520 –4 hepatitis B, C and D co-infection 5...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 15:20