Fundamentals Of Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Part 9 pot

... 164, 214, 258 instability growth rate, 49 instability, baroclinic, 18, 97 , 164, 178, 182, 188, 199 , 258, 262, 271, 272 instability, barotropic, 87, 93 , 94 , 99 , 102, 164, 187, 258, 262 instability, ... layer, J. Atmos. Sci. 56, 891 90 0. Cushman-Roisin, B. ( 199 4). Introduction to Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs). Drazin, P.G. and Reid, W.H. ( 198 1...

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... emergence of coherent anticyclonic vortices and approximately one cycle of pairing and merging of neighboring vortices (bottom). (Lesieur, 199 5). 3.3 Barotropic and Centrifugal Instability 95 as ... that the limit of vanishing separation and width is a delicate one. 3.2.2 Chaos and Limits of Predictability An important property of chaotic dynamics is the sensitive dependence...

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... Approximations 49 resting location, then ρ pot (z 0 + δz) = ρ pot (z 0 ) = ρ pot (z 0 + δz) −δz d ρ pot dz (z 0 ) + ⇒ D 2 δz Dt 2 = −N 2 (z 0 )δz + , (2. 69) where N 2 = −g d dz ln [ ρ pot ] (2.70) is ... L, is sufficiently small, 2.1 Fluid Dynamics 29 2.1.4 Energy Conservation The principle of energy conservation is a basic law of physics, but in the context of fluid dy...

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... v ∂f ∂y 2.4 Earth’s Rotation 59 The step from the first and second lines in (2 .97 ) is an application of (2 .92 ). In the step to the third line, use is made of (2 .94 ) and the relations, D ˆ X Dt = ... Alternative geometrical and heuristic discussions of this transformation are in Pedlosky (Chap. 1.6, 198 7), Gill (Chap. 4.5, 198 2), and Cushman-Roisin (Chap. 2, 199 4). 2.4.2 Geostr...

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... speed. Thus, the dynamics of a Kelvin wave is a hybrid combination of the influences of rotation and stratification. The ocean is full of Kelvin waves near the coasts, generated as part of the response ... short- and long-wave limits (4.38)-(4. 39) , the second set of modes (4.37) are called inertia-gravity waves, or, in the terminology of Pedlosky (Sec. 3 .9, 198 7), Poincar´...

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... (4.115) The ratio of kinetic to available potential energy is on the order of B; for L  R, most of the energy is potential, and vice versa. The quasigeostrophic system is a first order partial differential ... the discontinuity. For further analysis of this and many other nonlinear wave problems see Whitham ( 199 9). 4.5 Stokes Drift and Material Transport From (4.28)-(4. 29) the Shall...

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... velocity, potential vorticity gradient, ver- tical velocity, ageostrophic meridional velocity, temperature, and potential vorticity. (McWilliams & Chow, 198 1). 174 Baroclinic and Jet Dynamics or ... conse- quence of the eddy mixing of q QG , sometimes called potential-vorticity homogenization, in a layer without significant non-conservative forces; Sec. 5.3.4); • mean upwelling on t...

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... merid- ional integral of (5.82)) in the absence of meridional boundary stresses (cf., (5. 89) and Sec. 5.4). Much of the preceding dynamical analysis is a picture drawn first in the 195 0s and 196 0s to describe ... on 23 Sep 199 5: (top left) virtual temperature profiles and (top right) vertical profiles of water vapor mixing ratio. Note the progressive deepening of the layer through...

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... negative of the ratio of eddy flux and the mean gradient (6.23) are typically a small fraction of the 258 Boundary-Layer and Wind-Gyre Dynamics (The wind stress would have to be an order of magnitude ... the x, z integrals of v) of the boundary-layer and Sverdrup circulations are in balance at every latitude. 252 Boundary-Layer and Wind-Gyre Dynamics Grouping the terms in power...

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... θ 0 593 _C11_fm Page 396 Monday, May 6, 2002 2: 59 PM 398 Dynamics of Mechanical Systems Example 11.12.4: Spring-Supported Particles in a Rotating Tube For another example illustrating the use of ... a set of particles P i (i = 1,…, N) as parts of a mechanical system S having n degrees of freedom. Then, by superposing (or adding together) equations as Eq. (11.12.5) for each o...

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