... head, Aristotle left Athens, lived for a while in Assos and Mytilene, and then was invited to return to Macedonia by Philip to tutor Alexander. Aris- totle returned to Athens in 335 at the age ... history of mathematics and Aristoxenus wrote on music. Theophrastus and the next head of the Lyceum, Strato, were independent thinkers, prepared to criticize Aristotle’s views, and...
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... has come to be used, perhaps, to put a good face on the largess of the better-off to the worse-off. It thereby introduces doubts about the moral value of benevolence. The question of the moral ... attach to judging it so), and if ‘beauty’ is the term for aesthetic value, then we have to acknowledge that a 82 Bayesian confirmation theory with them, superstructural phen...
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The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 18 potx
... 1973). Alec Nove, The Economics of Feasible Socialism (London, 1 983 ). communitarianism. The thesis that the *community, rather than the individual, the state, the nation, or any other entity, is ... would be part of his theme of the dialectical combining of opposites. j.c. Herbert Marcuse, Hegel’s Ontology and the Theory of Historicity (Cambridge, Mass., 1 987 ). concupisc...
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The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 26 potx
... wish- ing to extend to the many the rigorous intellectual educa- tion hitherto enjoyed only by the few. But it ran into difficulties. These were partly specific— about whether, for instance, there ... valued field to devote themselves to the devel- opment of their talent. To object to this in itself seems, as Nietzsche urged, to be little more than a symptom of envy on the...
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The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 35 potx
... what their needs and interests will be, and so on. And there is a further question whether, because there are presumably so many of them relative to us, we are entitled to apply a discount rate to ... with the logic of question and answer’. (He argues, in The Idea of the Good in Platonic–Aristotelian Philoso- phy (19 78; tr. New Haven, Conn., 1 986 ), that if we inter- pret Plato a...
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The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 46 potx
... fact more important to modern set theory than the infinite cardinals. But there is no space to describe them here. d.b. *numbers. G. Cantor, Contributions to the Founding of the Theory of Transfinite Numbers, ... provoking Anaxagoras to hold that there was no smallest quantity of anything, and the Greek atomists to the opposite opinion. But the atom- ists showed no fear of...
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The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 47 potx
... 443 theological dispute as to how objective the principles of ethics are, but this did not really become part of the debate in philosophy. The latter took off when the views of Plato and Aristotle ... written books on Plato’s ethical ideas (Plato’s Moral Theory (Oxford, 1977)) and on Aristotle’s metaphysical and epistemological theses (Aris- totle’s First Principles (Oxford, 1 988...
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The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 54 potx
... It may invite the retort that the meaning of our lives is what we care to give them; we cannot expect meanings to be handed to us on a plate, and even if they were, what use would they be to us? God ... power. The book is divided into four parts: the first provides an account of persons prior to the state; the second shows how the state must be constructed to serve it...
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The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 59 potx
... applied to the material world or, in other words, to show how the subject-matter of mathematics is related to the subject-matter of the sciences, and how the methodology of mathematics fits into the ... least to Plato. In his relatively early dia- logue the Phaedo he opposes the soul (to adopt the usual translation of the Greek word psukhe¯) and the body. The s...
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The Oxford Companion to Philosophy Part 66 potx
... later recipient of the name to use it successfully to refer to the individual originally named by it is that each speaker in the chain should use it with the intention to refer to the same indi- vidual ... has as its goal the attempt to persuade people to obey the law and thereby to avoid civil war. For civil war leads to the state of nature with all of the...
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