Chapter 081 Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 9) pdf

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 9) pdf

... endogenous regulators of the cell death pathway are activated (Fig. 81-3). Figure 81-3 Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 9) Following demonstration of activity in animal ... improve their use. A general view of how cancer treatments work is that the interaction of a chemotherapeutic drug with its target induces a "cascade" of further signaling steps. These ... Valuable cancer drug treatment strategies using conventional chemotherapy agents, targeted agents, hormonal treatments, or biologicals have one of two valuable outcomes. They can induce cancer...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 4) pdf

... Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 4) Palliation Surgery is employed in a number of ways for supportive care: insertion of central venous catheters, control of pleural ... for recurrent pulmonary emboli, stabilization of cancer- weakened weight-bearing bones, and control of hemorrhage, among others. Surgical bypass of gastrointestinal, urinary tract, or biliary ... (Fig. 81-2). Plotting the fraction of surviving cells against doses of x-rays or gamma radiation, the curve has a shoulder that reflects the cell's repair of sublethal damage, followed by...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 10) pdf

... function of these Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 10) Integration of cell death responses. Cell death through an apoptotic mechanism requires active participation of the ... novel mechanisms of action, combinations of drugs and targeted agents may maximize the chances of affecting critical pathways in the tumor. Chemotherapeutic Agents Used for Cancer Treatment Table ... action of particular pathways. For example, the p210bcr-abl fusion protein tyrosine kinase drives chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and HER-2/neu stimulates the proliferation of certain breast cancers....

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 17) pdf

... Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 17) Prostate cancer is classically treated by androgen deprivation. Diethylstilbestrol (DES) acting as an estrogen at the level of the ... discovery of the candidate drug is the a priori importance of the target in the biology of the tumor, rather than the initial detection of drug candidates based on the phenomenon of tumor cell ... understanding of cancer cell biology has suggested many new targets for cancer drug discovery and development. These include the products of oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes, regulators of cell...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 23) pdf

... Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 23) Mucositis Irritation and inflammation of the mucous membranes particularly afflicting ... growth factor, a member of the fibroblast growth factor family, is effective in preventing severe mucositis in the setting of high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell treatment. Females experience ... use of cosmetic resources are to be encouraged, and "chemo caps" that reduce scalp temperature to decrease the degree of alopecia should be discouraged, particularly during treatment...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 1) docx

... benefit. One of the challenges of cancer treatment is to use the various treatment modalities alone and together in a fashion that maximizes the chances for patient benefit. Cancer treatments ... attention to minimizing the toxicity of potentially toxic treatments becomes a significant goal. Irrespective of the clinical scenario, the guiding principle of cancer treatment should be primum succerrere, ... this "organ-like" behavior of tumors may provide additional clues to cancer control and treatment. treatment has the potential to cause harm, and treatment may be given that produces...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 2) ppsx

... those with pancolonic involvement with ulcerative colitis), the presence of Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 2) Figure 81-1 ... Principles of Cancer Surgery Surgery is used in cancer prevention, diagnosis, staging, treatment (for both localized and metastatic disease), palliation, and rehabilitation. Prophylaxis Cancer ... incisional biopsy is the procedure of second choice. A wedge of tissue is removed, and an effort is made to include the majority of the cross-sectional diameter of the tumor in the biopsy to minimize...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 3) pps

... information for treatment planning and may determine the extent and nature of primary cancer treatment. Treatment Surgery is the most effective means of treating cancer. Today about 40% of cancer ... resection of certain tumors that would otherwise not be possible. Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 3) Staging As noted in Chap. 77, an important component of patient ... including local control of tumor, preservation of organ function, debulking that permits subsequent therapy to work better, and staging information on extent of involvement. Cancer surgery aiming...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 5) ppt

... the target volume is often the cause of complications to tissues in the transit volume, and the minimum dose in the target Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 5) Although ... include the D0 of the tumor (the dose required to deliver an average of one lethal hit to all the cells in a population), the Dq of the tumor (the threshold dose—a measure of the cell's ... basis of the amount of radiation absorbed in the patient; it is not based on the amount of radiation generated by the machine. The rad (radiation absorbed dose) is defined as 100 erg of energy...

Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 6) ppsx

... dose of therapeutic radiation exists below which the incidence of second cancers is decreased. High rates of second tumors occur in people who receive as little as 1000 cGy. Chapter 081. Principles ... breast cancer, Hodgkin's disease, head and neck cancer, prostate cancer, and gynecologic cancers. Radiation therapy can also palliate disease symptoms in a variety of settings: relief of bone ... Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 6) Application to Patients Teletherapy Radiation therapy can be used alone or together with chemotherapy to produce cure of localized tumors and control of...

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