A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 27 pdf
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 27 pdf
... that is, objects, are used. In addition, structs and unions are
introduced as examples of special classes.
chapter
13
244
■
CHAPTER 13 DEFINING CLASSES
Real World
A Car
Abstraction
Instantiation
Class ... language element in C++ most important to the support object-oriented
programming (OOP). A class defines the properties and capacities of an object.
ᮀ Data Abstraction
Humans u...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 9 pdf
... unsetf().
✓
HINTS
■
FORMATTING AND MANIPULATORS
Example: Calling a manipulator
FORMATTED OUTPUT OF FLOATING-POINT NUMBERS
■
65
ᮀ Standard Settings
Floating-points are displayed to six digits by default. Decimals are ... a stream and unformat-
ted input and output.
ᮀ Flags and Manipulators
Formatting flags defined in the parent class ios determine how characters are input or
output. I...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 20 pdf
... can use available classes and functions to do so. In addi-
tion, you can make use of inheritance to create specialized classes without needing to
change any existing classes.
When implementing ... the standard library.
ᮀ Libraries
You will not need to program each “building block” yourself. Many useful global func-
tions and classes are available from the C++ standard library. In...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 26 pdf
... such as char pointer, int pointer, and so on.
ᮀ Pointer Variables
An expression such as &var is a constant pointer; however, C++ allows you to define
pointer variables, that is, variables that ... Given
that var is an int variable,
Example: &var // Address of the object var
is the address of the int object in memory and thus a pointer to var. A pointer points
to a me...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 28 pdf
... procedural language like C, multiple data that belong together logically are
put together to form a record. Extensive data such as the data for the articles in an auto-
mobile manufacturer’s stocks ... keywords class and struct only vary with respect to data encapsulation; the
default for access to members of a class defined as a struct is public. In contrast to a
class de...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 45 pdf
... defined inline in a class.
OVERLOADING SUBSCRIPT OPERATORS
■
427
ᮀ Subscript Operator
The subscript operator [] is normally used to access a single array element. It is a binary
operator and thus has ... declaration, which eliminates data encapsulation in certain cases.
Imagine you need to write a global function that accesses the elements of a numerical
array class. If yo...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 53 pdf
... Car.
The PassCar class additionally contains the data members passCarType and
sunRoof to represent a passenger vehicle with or without a sunroof. So a PassCar type
object has a total of four data members. ... OF INHERITANCE
Is relation
Car
Properties
and capacities
of class
Car
Properties
and capacities
of class
Car
Properties
and capacities
of class
Car
Additional
properties and
ca...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 85 potx
... 59
Standard methods, 279
sample program, 278
Standard output, 59
Standard settings, 65
Star character, 233
State flags, 645, 647
Statements, 9
Static arrays, 325
Static binding, 551
Static data members, ... 164
comparing, 158
concatenating, 156, 157
escape sequences used in, 29
initializing, 154, 155
inserting and erasing in, 160, 161
numbers converted to, 288
output of, 68, 69
searchi...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 1 ppsx
... strings illustrate
how to use pointers for efficient programming, and that string access via the command
line of an application program is used to illustrate pointer arrays.
Chapter 18 explains ... each lan-
guage element. In addition, filter programs and case studies introduce the reader to a
wide range of application scenarios.
To gain command over a programming language,...
A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 2 doc
... container adapters, such as stacks, queues, and priority queues;
associative containers, such as sets and maps; and bitsets. In addition to discussing how
to manage containers, the chapter also ... 322
Initializing Arrays 324
Arrays 326
Class Arrays 328
Multidimensional Arrays 330
Member Arrays 332
Exercises 334
Solutions 338
Chapter 17 Arrays and Pointers 349
Arrays and Pointers (1) 35...
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